bum
gb/bˈʌm/ us/bˈʌm/
B1
Αγγλικά
fenék, csöves, naplopó, lejmol, pocsék, rossz
ΟΥΣΙΑΣΤΙΚΌ
B1
INFORMAL
1
fenék
A2
Μοτίβο χρήσης:
on [someone]'s bum
I slipped on the ice and landed on my bum.
Megcsúsztam a jégen, és a fenekemre estem.
The bike seat made my bum sore after an hour.
Egy óra után fájt a fenekem a bicikliüléstől.
He plopped down on his bum and refused to move.
Παραδείγματα για μαθητές
I fell on my bum.
A fenekemre estem.
My bum hurts from sitting.
Fáj a fenekem az üléstől.
Συχνό λάθος:
Don’t use this word in very formal situations; use “buttocks” instead.
Σημασία
the buttocks
Συνδυασμοί λέξεων
sit on your bum
|fall on your bum
|land on your bum
|get off your bum
|kick in the bum
|pain in my bum
|cold bum
Συνώνυμα
butt (Very common and informal, especially in American English.)
|
backside (Slightly more polite and common in British English.)
|
rear (More neutral/euphemistic.)
Θέματα
body
|daily_life
Ορισμός
the two round parts you sit on
A person’s buttocks.
ΟΥΣΙΑΣΤΙΚΌ
B2
SLANG
2
csöves
B2
Μοτίβο χρήσης:
a bum (on/at/by [place])
He used to call anyone sleeping outside a bum, which I thought was harsh.
Régebben mindenkit, aki kint aludt, csövesnek nevezett, amit én durvának tartottam.
People complained about bums hanging around the station.
Az emberek panaszkodtak, hogy csövesek lézengenek az állomás környékén.
A bum asked me for spare change outside the store.
Παραδείγματα για μαθητές
A homeless man asked for money.
Egy hajléktalan férfi pénzt kért.
Συχνό λάθος:
Because it can sound insulting, use “homeless person” in polite conversation.
Σημασία
a homeless person
Συνδυασμοί λέξεων
a street bum
|a bum on the corner
|a bum in the park
|drunks and bums
Συνώνυμα
homeless person (Neutral and preferred in polite speech.)
|
vagrant (More formal and less insulting.)
Αντώνυμα
homeowner (Opposite in terms of having stable housing.)
Θέματα
society
|people
Ορισμός
a homeless person (can sound rude)
A homeless person who lives by begging or sleeping in public places; often used as a negative label and can be offensive.
ΟΥΣΙΑΣΤΙΚΌ
B2
SLANG
3
naplopó
B2
Μοτίβο χρήσης:
a bum
Stop being a bum and help with the dishes.
Ne légy már naplopó, inkább segíts mosogatni.
He called his brother a bum for never keeping a job.
Naplopónak nevezte a bátyját, amiért az sosem tudott megtartani egy állást.
I felt like a bum after sleeping until noon.
Παραδείγματα για μαθητές
Don’t be a bum.
Ne légy naplopó.
Συχνό λάθος:
This is usually an insult; avoid using it to describe people you don’t know well.
Σημασία
a lazy, worthless person
Συνδυασμοί λέξεων
lazy bum
|a total bum
|such a bum
|don’t be a bum
|acting like a bum
Συνώνυμα
slacker (Less harsh; focuses on avoiding work.)
|
deadbeat (Stronger; suggests not paying debts or supporting family.)
Αντώνυμα
hard worker (A person who works diligently.)
|
go-getter (Someone energetic and ambitious.)
Θέματα
people
|work
|emotions
Ορισμός
a lazy person (insult)
A lazy or irresponsible person, especially someone who does not work and relies on others; an insult.
ΡΉΜΑ
B2
INFORMAL
4
lejmol
B2
Μοτίβο χρήσης:
bum [something] (off [someone])
Can I bum a cigarette off you?
Lejmolhatok tőled egy cigit?
He’s always bumming money from his roommates.
Állandóan pénzt lejmol a lakótársaitól.
We forgot lunch, so we bummed some chips from a friend.
Παραδείγματα για μαθητές
Can I bum a ride?
El tudnál vinni?
Συχνό λάθος:
In this sense, “bum” is about getting things free; it doesn’t mean “sit down.”
Σημασία
get something for free
Συνδυασμοί λέξεων
bum a cigarette
|bum a smoke
|bum some cash
|bum a few bucks
|bum a ride
|bum a beer
|bum food
|bum money off a friend
Συνώνυμα
cadge (More British-sounding; slightly literary/old-fashioned.)
|
scrounge (Often implies repeatedly getting things free.)
|
mooch (Suggests taking advantage of others; more negative.)
Αντώνυμα
buy (To pay for something.)
|
pay (To give money in exchange.)
Θέματα
daily_life
|social
|money
Ορισμός
to ask for and get something without paying
To get something from someone for free, usually by asking or borrowing casually.
B2
INFORMAL
5
pocsék
B1
Μοτίβο χρήσης:
a bum [noun]
We had a bum time because it rained the whole weekend.
Pocsékul telt a hétvégénk, mert végig esett az eső.
Missing the train was bum luck.
Pech volt, hogy lekéstük a vonatot.
That’s a bum excuse for being late.
Παραδείγματα για μαθητές
It was a bum day.
Pocsék nap volt.
Συχνό λάθος:
This meaning is common in American English (e.g., “bum luck”). It does not mean “homeless” here.
Σημασία
bad or disappointing
Συνδυασμοί λέξεων
bum luck
|bum deal
|bum trip
|bum experience
|a bum day
|a bum choice
Συνώνυμα
lousy (Very common informal synonym.)
|
crummy (Similar meaning; casual, often American.)
|
rotten (Stronger and more emotional.)
Αντώνυμα
great (Very good; enjoyable.)
|
excellent (Very high quality.)
Θέματα
emotions
|daily_life
Ορισμός
bad; not good
Bad, disappointing, or unpleasant.
B2
INFORMAL
6
rossz
A1
Μοτίβο χρήσης:
a bum [body part/thing]
I can’t run right now—I’ve got a bum knee.
Most nem tudok futni – rossz a térdem.
The car wouldn’t start because it had a bum battery.
Az autó nem indult, mert rossz volt az akkumulátora.
She sat out the game with a bum ankle.
Παραδείγματα για μαθητές
I have a bum knee.
Rossz a térdem.
Συχνό λάθος:
Often used before a noun (e.g., “a bum knee,” “a bum printer”).
Σημασία
injured or not working
Συνδυασμοί λέξεων
bum knee
|bum leg
|bum shoulder
|bum ankle
|bum arm
|a bum back
|a bum engine
|a bum phone
Συνώνυμα
bad (More general; less vivid.)
|
injured (More formal; used mainly for people/body parts.)
|
broken (Stronger; suggests it doesn’t work at all.)
Αντώνυμα
healthy (Not injured; in good condition.)
|
working (Functioning properly (for machines/things).)
Θέματα
health
|daily_life
Ορισμός
hurt or broken; not working well
Injured, or not working properly.
Γραμματική
Λημματική μορφή
bum
IPA
GB/bˈʌm/
US/bˈʌm/
Συλλαβές και τόνος
bum (1 συλλαβή)
Stress on 1st syllable (bum)
Τύποι λέξης
Adjective
- Base: bum
Noun
- Base: bum
- Plural: bums
Verb
- Base: bum
- 3rd Person Singular: bums
- Present Participle: bumming
- Past: bummed
Οικογένεια λέξεων
Forms
bums
noun
bumming
verb
bummed
verb
Core family
bummer
noun
Εκφράσεις
bum a ride
1/bˈʌm ə ɹˈaɪd/
fixed phrase
informal
get a free ride
to ask someone to drive you for free
Παραδείγματα
- Can I bum a ride to the station?
- We bummed a ride from a coworker after the party.
- He always tries to bum a ride instead of taking the bus.
Παραδείγματα για μαθητές
- Can I bum a ride?
bum around
1/bˈʌm ɚˈaʊnd/
phrasal verb
informal
spend time doing nothing
to relax and do nothing in particular
Παραδείγματα
- We bummed around the house all weekend.
- After finals, he just wanted to bum around for a few days.
- They spent the afternoon bumming around downtown.
Παραδείγματα για μαθητές
- I want to bum around this weekend.
bum deal
1/bˈʌm dˈil/
fixed phrase
informal
an unfair outcome
a situation that is unfair to someone
Παραδείγματα
- She got a bum deal and ended up doing all the work.
- It’s a bum deal, but we can’t change the policy.
- Getting fined for that felt like a bum deal.
Παραδείγματα για μαθητές
- That’s a bum deal.
bum out
1/bˈʌm ˈaʊt/
phrasal verb
informal
make someone feel sad
to make someone feel unhappy; to feel unhappy
Παραδείγματα
- The cancellation really bummed me out.
- Don’t let one bad comment bum you out.
- She was bummed out about missing the concert.
Παραδείγματα για μαθητές
- I’m bummed out today.
bum rap
1/bˈʌm ɹˈæp/
fixed phrase
informal
an unfair accusation
unfair blame
Παραδείγματα
- That restaurant gets a bum rap—it’s actually pretty good.
- He took a bum rap for something he didn’t do.
- Small cars sometimes get a bum rap for being unsafe.
bum steer
1/bˈʌm stˈɪɹ/
fixed phrase
informal
misleading advice
advice that is wrong and confusing
Παραδείγματα
- Someone gave me a bum steer, and I ended up at the wrong office.
- I’m not saying she lied—maybe she just got a bum steer too.
- The online directions were a bum steer.
get off your bum
1/ɡˈɛt ˈɔf jˈʊɹ bˈʌm/
idiom
informal
stop being lazy
start doing something; don’t be lazy
Παραδείγματα
- Get off your bum and help me carry these boxes.
- I finally got off my bum and cleaned the kitchen.
- If you want the job, you need to get off your bum and apply.
Παραδείγματα για μαθητές
- Get off your bum and study.