crude
gb/kɹˈud/ us/kɹˈud/
B2
Αγγλικά
~ 10000
Σημασίες
0 σημασίες
adjective
B2
property
1
rude or offensive in style
rude and not polite, especially when talking about sex or the body in a way that many people find ugly or dirty.
Μοτίβο χρήσης:
[someone] makes a crude [remark/joke/comment]
Συχνό λάθος:
Learners sometimes confuse 'crude' with 'rude'. Both can describe bad behavior, but 'crude' often focuses more on sexual or dirty topics and low taste, while 'rude' is more general for impolite behavior. Also, 'cruel' (meaning unkind or causing pain) is sometimes confused with 'crude' because they look similar, but they are unrelated in meaning.
Συνώνυμα
vulgar (Stronger moral judgment; often suggests low taste or bad manners.)
|
coarse (Emphasizes lack of refinement or delicacy; slightly more formal than 'crude'.)
|
obscene (Legally or morally very offensive, usually strongly sexual; stronger than 'crude'.)
Αντώνυμα
polite (Shows good manners and avoids language that could offend.)
|
refined (Carefully polite and cultured; the opposite of rough or crude behavior and language.)
Συνδυασμοί λέξεων
crude joke
|crude remark
|crude language
|crude humor
|crude insult
Θέματα
social
|emotions
|communication
Παραδείγματα
- He was fired after making a series of crude jokes about his coworkers.
- The movie was full of crude language that many viewers found unnecessary.
- She walked out of the meeting when someone made a crude remark about her appearance.
- Teenagers sometimes think crude humor is funnier than it really is.
- The ad was banned because of its crude and sexist images.
Παραδείγματα για μαθητές
- He told a crude joke, and some people were angry.
- That TV show uses very crude language.
- She does not like crude humor.
- He made a crude comment about her body.
- The boss said crude jokes are not okay at work.
unknown
B2
property
2
simple, roughly made, not exact
very simple and not finished or exact; only giving a basic idea.
Μοτίβο χρήσης:
a crude [drawing/estimate/model/tool]
Συχνό λάθος:
Learners sometimes think 'crude' always means 'dirty' or 'sexual' because of its rude-language sense. In this meaning, 'crude' is closer to 'rough' or 'simple' and can be used in neutral, technical, or positive contexts (for example, a 'crude model' in early research is normal and not offensive).
Συνώνυμα
rough (Very close in meaning, especially for early versions or quick work; often interchangeable with 'crude'.)
|
basic (Focuses on the simple level, but not always on poor quality like 'crude' can.)
|
primitive (Suggests something is very early or undeveloped, often more extreme than 'crude'.)
Αντώνυμα
sophisticated (Highly developed or advanced, the opposite of simple and crude.)
|
precise (Very exact and detailed, the opposite of a crude or approximate version.)
Συνδυασμοί λέξεων
crude drawing
|crude sketch
|crude estimate
|crude model
|crude tool
Θέματα
science
|work
|art
|core_vocabulary
Παραδείγματα
- This is just a crude sketch to show you the idea.
- The researchers used a crude model to predict the spread of the disease.
- We only have a crude estimate of the total cost at this stage.
- Early telescopes were crude tools compared to the ones we use today.
- The map is quite crude, but it should be enough to guide us.
Παραδείγματα για μαθητές
- He drew a crude map on a napkin.
- This is a crude plan, but it shows the main idea.
- We made a crude estimate of the price.
- The first machine was very crude and slow.
- This chart is crude, but we can see the trend.
adjective
technical
B2
property
3
in a natural, unrefined state
not cleaned, not made pure, or not changed by a factory process; in its natural form.
Μοτίβο χρήσης:
crude [oil/sugar/metal/materials]
Συχνό λάθος:
Learners sometimes confuse this technical meaning of 'crude' with the rude-language meaning. When you see 'crude' before words like 'oil', 'sugar', or 'metal', it almost always means 'unprocessed', not 'offensive'.
Συνώνυμα
unrefined (Very close technical synonym when talking about materials that have not been processed.)
|
raw (Common word meaning not processed or cooked; broader and less technical than 'crude'.)
Αντώνυμα
refined (Describes materials that have been purified or processed, directly opposite to 'crude' in this sense.)
|
processed (Emphasizes that a material has gone through industrial treatment or changes.)
Συνδυασμοί λέξεων
crude oil
|crude sugar
|crude metal
|crude materials
|crude petroleum
Θέματα
science
|industry
|environment
Παραδείγματα
- Crude oil is transported by tanker to refineries around the world.
- The factory buys crude sugar and processes it into white table sugar.
- This plant extracts crude metals from ore before they are further purified.
- The region is rich in crude petroleum and natural gas.
- Environmental groups are worried about a possible spill of crude oil along the coast.
Παραδείγματα για μαθητές
- Crude oil comes from deep under the ground.
- The company imports crude sugar and cleans it.
- They heat the crude oil in a big tower.
- We saw a ship carrying crude oil.
- Crude metal must be cleaned before use.
Ουσιαστικό
technical
C1
entity
4
unrefined petroleum as a product
oil that comes from the ground and has not been made into gasoline or other products yet.
Μοτίβο χρήσης:
to ship/sell/buy crude
Συχνό λάθος:
Learners sometimes think 'crude' as a noun can mean any raw material. In modern English, the noun 'crude' almost always refers specifically to crude oil, not to other raw products.
Συνώνυμα
petroleum (More formal and scientific; not always limited to the unrefined product like 'crude' in this noun use.)
Αντώνυμα
refined oil (Oil that has been processed into usable products like gasoline or diesel, contrasting with unprocessed crude.)
Συνδυασμοί λέξεων
barrel of crude
|ship crude
|crude prices
|light sweet crude
|produce crude
Θέματα
business
|energy
|economics
|science
|finance
Παραδείγματα
- The price of crude rose sharply after the conflict began.
- This region produces about one million barrels of crude per day.
- The pipeline is designed to carry crude from the oil fields to the refinery.
- They decided to cut back on imports of foreign crude.
- New sanctions could limit the country's ability to sell its crude overseas.
Παραδείγματα για μαθητές
- The country sells crude to many other countries.
- A barrel of crude is very expensive this year.
- The ship is full of crude.
- They send the crude to a refinery to make fuel.
- The price of crude can change every day.
Γραμματική
Λημματική μορφή
crude
IPA
GB/kɹˈud/
US/kɹˈud/
Συλλαβές και τόνος
crude (1 συλλαβή)
Stress on 1st syllable (crude)
Τύποι λέξης
Adjective
- Base: crude
- Comparative: cruder
- Superlative: crudest
Noun
- Base: crude
- Plural: crudes
Οικογένεια λέξεων
Forms
crudes
noun
cruder
adjective
crudest
adjective
Core family
crudely
adverb B2
crudeness
noun
Related words
crudity
noun
Negative and opposite forms
refined
adjective
Εκφράσεις
crude birth rate
1/kɹˈud bˈɚθ ɹˈeɪt/
fixed phrase
technical
basic measure of births in a population
a simple measure in population studies that shows how many babies are born in a year for every 1,000 people.
Παραδείγματα
- The country's crude birth rate has been falling for the past decade.
- Researchers compared crude birth rates across several regions.
crude death rate
1/kɹˈud dˈɛθ ɹˈeɪt/
fixed phrase
technical
basic measure of deaths in a population
a simple measure in population studies that shows how many people die in a year for every 1,000 people.
Παραδείγματα
- Improvements in healthcare have reduced the crude death rate.
- The report includes data on crude death rates from 1950 to 2020.
crude estimate
1/kɹˈud ˈɛstɪmɪt/
fixed phrase
rough, not exact estimate
a number or guess that is only basic and not exact or carefully calculated.
Παραδείγματα
- A crude estimate suggests that repairs will cost around $10,000.
- We only have a crude estimate of how many people will attend the event.
crude humor
1/kɹˈud hjˈumɚ/
fixed phrase
informal
rude or dirty style of humor
jokes and funny stories that are rude, dirty, or sexual and may offend some people.
Παραδείγματα
- The show is known for its crude humor and strong language.
- Not everyone enjoys crude humor, especially in a work environment.
crude joke
1/kɹˈud d͡ʒˈoʊk/
fixed phrase
informal
offensive or dirty joke
a joke that is rude and often about sex or the body, which can easily upset people.
Παραδείγματα
- He got into trouble at work for telling a crude joke during a meeting.
- She hates it when people make crude jokes in front of children.
crude language
1/kɹˈud lˈæŋɡwɪd͡ʒ/
fixed phrase
rude or dirty way of speaking
words that are rude, dirty, or sexual, and that many people do not like to hear.
Παραδείγματα
- The film contains a lot of crude language and is not suitable for children.
- Teachers asked students to avoid crude language during the school trip.
crude oil
1/kɹˈud ˈɔɪl/
fixed phrase
technical
oil in its natural form
oil that comes from under the ground and has not been cleaned or changed in a factory yet.
Παραδείγματα
- Most crude oil is transported by large tankers or pipelines.
- The country depends heavily on exports of crude oil to support its economy.
crude remark
1/kɹˈud ɹɪmˈɑɹk/
fixed phrase
rude or offensive comment
a rude comment, often about sex or someone’s body, that many people find ugly or not polite.
Παραδείγματα
- He made a crude remark about her clothes and later had to apologize.
- Crude remarks like that are not acceptable in a professional setting.