hardness
gb/hˈɑɹdnəs/ us/hˈɑɹdnəs/
B1
انگلیسی
~ 9300
keménység, nehézség, ridegség, vízkeménység, a víz keménysége, merevség, a merevedés keménysége
اسم
B1
1
keménység
B1
الگوی کاربرد:
the hardness of [material]
The hardness of the countertop makes it ideal for heavy kitchen work.
A munkalap keménysége miatt ideális a nehezebb konyhai munkákhoz.
You can tell the quality of the steel by its hardness.
Az acél minőségére a keménységéből lehet következtetni.
The geologist compared the hardness of different rocks at the site.
This pencil lead has a greater hardness, so it makes lighter lines.
The ball’s hardness affects how high it bounces on the court.
نمونههای زبانآموزی
The hardness of the table makes it good for writing.
Az asztal keménysége miatt jól lehet rajta írni.
We checked the hardness of the metal before using it.
Felhasználás előtt ellenőriztük a fém keménységét.
This rock has more hardness than that one.
The knife cannot cut the glass because of its hardness.
I like the hardness of this mattress; it feels strong and firm.
اشتباه رایج:
Learners sometimes use *strong* instead of *hardness* when talking about materials, saying things like *the strong of the metal* instead of *the hardness of the metal*. Use *hardness* to talk about how difficult something is to press, cut, or scratch.
معنی
firm, solid quality of something
ترکیبهای رایج
the hardness of the wood
|surface hardness
|rock hardness
|varying hardness
|measure the hardness
|test the hardness
هممعنیها
firmness (Focuses on how solid or stable something feels, not specifically on cutting or scratching.)
متضادها
softness (Describes a material that is easy to press, cut, or deform.)
موضوعها
science
|daily_life
|technology
|core_vocabulary
تعریف
How hard and firm something is when you touch or try to press or cut it.
The quality of a substance being firm and difficult to press, cut, bend, or scratch.
اسم
B2
2
nehézség
A2
الگوی کاربرد:
the hardness of [task / problem / situation]
Students complained about the hardness of the final exam.
A diákok a záróvizsga nehézségére panaszkodtak.
The hardness of the training program surprised many new recruits.
A kiképzési program nehézsége sok újoncot meglepett.
We underestimated the hardness of implementing the new software system.
Researchers evaluated the hardness of the puzzles used in the study.
The game lets you adjust the hardness of each level.
نمونههای زبانآموزی
The hardness of the test was too high for me.
A teszt nehézsége túl nagy volt számomra.
They talked about the hardness of life in the big city.
A nagyvárosi élet nehézségeiről beszélgettek.
We did not expect the hardness of the work.
You can change the hardness of the game in the menu.
The teacher explained the hardness of the project at the start.
اشتباه رایج:
Learners usually say *difficulty* instead of *hardness*, which is fine and more common. However, do not say *the hard of the exam*; use *the hardness of the exam* or simply *the exam was hard*.
معنی
degree of difficulty of something
ترکیبهای رایج
the hardness of the exam
|the hardness of the training
|the hardness of the questions
|assess the hardness
|varying levels of hardness
هممعنیها
difficulty (Most common general term; *hardness* is slightly more formal and less frequent in this sense.)
متضادها
ease (Describes when something can be done with little effort or difficulty.)
موضوعها
education
|work
|thinking
|core_vocabulary
تعریف
How difficult a task, problem, or situation is.
The level of difficulty involved in doing, solving, or coping with something.
اسم
C1
3
الگوی کاربرد:
the hardness of [someone / someone's voice / someone's heart]
There was a new hardness in his voice when he spoke to them.
Újfajta ridegség volt a hangjában, amikor beszélt velük.
Despite her reputation for hardness, she quietly helped many people.
Bár ridegségéről volt ismert, csendben sok embernek segített.
The film explores the hardness of his character beneath a charming surface.
Over the years, his experiences gave him a certain hardness toward strangers.
Her hardness in negotiations left the other side with little room to move.
نمونههای زبانآموزی
I heard a hardness in his voice when he said my name.
Ridegséget hallottam a hangjában, amikor kimondta a nevemet.
Her hardness makes it difficult to talk about my problems.
A ridegsége miatt nehéz beszélnem vele a problémáimról.
The teacher’s hardness surprised the new students.
He tried to hide the hardness in his heart.
People did not like the hardness she showed to her team.
اشتباه رایج:
Learners sometimes confuse *hardness* with *strength* in this context. *Hardness* here means being cold or unkind, not being strong or brave.
معنی
harsh, unkind quality in people
ترکیبهای رایج
the hardness of his heart
|a certain hardness in her voice
|emotional hardness
|a cold hardness
|hardness towards others
هممعنیها
harshness (Often used for tone of voice or treatment of others; *hardness* suggests emotional coldness or lack of pity.)
متضادها
kindness (Highlights warm, caring behavior, the opposite of emotional hardness.)
موضوعها
emotions
|character
|relationships
تعریف
The quality of being cold and not kind or gentle toward other people.
A cold, strict, or unfeeling quality in a person’s character, behavior, or way of speaking.
اسم
B2
TECHNICAL
4
vízkeménység
B2
الگوی کاربرد:
the hardness of [water]
The hardness of the tap water leaves white marks on the shower door.
A csapvíz keménysége fehér nyomokat hagy a zuhanyajtón.
We installed a filter to reduce the hardness of our well water.
Szűrőt szereltünk be, hogy csökkentsük a kútvizünk keménységét.
Water hardness can shorten the life of household appliances.
The report shows that water hardness in this area is quite high.
They tested the hardness of the water before choosing a softener.
نمونههای زبانآموزی
The hardness of the water makes it difficult to wash my hair.
A víz keménysége miatt nehéz megmosnom a hajamat.
We checked the water hardness in our new home.
Ellenőriztük a víz keménységét az új otthonunkban.
High water hardness can damage the washing machine.
A water softener can lower the hardness of the water.
The city measures water hardness every year.
اشتباه رایج:
Learners sometimes say *strong water* instead of *hard water*. Use *water hardness* to talk about the level of minerals, and *hard water* for water with high hardness.
معنی
mineral content of water
ترکیبهای رایج
water hardness
|high hardness
|low hardness
|measure water hardness
|test for hardness
هممعنیها
mineral content (A broader scientific term; *hardness* is the specific effect of those minerals in water.)
متضادها
softness (Refers to water with low mineral content, the opposite of hard water.)
موضوعها
science
|environment
|home
|daily_life
تعریف
How much mineral, like calcium and magnesium, is in water, making it ‘hard’ or ‘soft’.
The amount of dissolved minerals, especially calcium and magnesium, in water, which affects how it behaves with soap and in pipes.
اسم
C1
TECHNICAL
5
keménység
B2
الگوی کاربرد:
the hardness of [metal / material]
The alloy was selected for its high hardness and wear resistance.
Az ötvözetet nagy keménysége és kopásállósága miatt választották.
According to the Rockwell hardness test, this steel is suitable for cutting tools.
A Rockwell-keménységvizsgálat szerint ez az acél alkalmas vágószerszámokhoz.
The Mohs scale compares the hardness of different minerals.
Heat treatment significantly increased the hardness of the sample.
Engineers measured the hardness at several points on the surface.
نمونههای زبانآموزی
We tested the hardness of the metal in the lab.
A laborban megvizsgáltuk a fém keménységét.
This tool needs a very high hardness.
Ennek a szerszámnak nagyon nagy keménységűnek kell lennie.
The Mohs scale shows the hardness of minerals from 1 to 10.
Heat can change the hardness of steel.
They used a machine to check the hardness of the surface.
اشتباه رایج:
Learners may confuse everyday *hardness* (how something feels) with technical hardness, which is a measured property using specific tests like Rockwell or Brinell.
معنی
measured hardness of materials
ترکیبهای رایج
Brinell hardness
|Rockwell hardness
|Vickers hardness
|Mohs hardness
|hardness scale
|hardness test
هممعنیها
scratch resistance (Describes one important aspect of hardness but does not always include resistance to indentation.)
متضادها
softness (In materials science, indicates a low resistance to scratching or indentation.)
موضوعها
science
|engineering
|technology
تعریف
In science and engineering, a number that shows how much a material can resist scratching or a small dent on its surface.
In science and engineering, a measured property that shows how strongly a material resists being scratched, dented, or otherwise permanently deformed at its surface.
اسم
C1
VULGAR
6
الگوی کاربرد:
[someone]’s hardness
He spoke to his doctor about problems maintaining hardness during sex.
Beszélt az orvosával arról, hogy szex közben nehezen tudja fenntartani a merevséget.
Some medications can affect hardness and sexual performance.
Egyes gyógyszerek befolyásolhatják a merevséget és a szexuális teljesítményt.
The study measured changes in hardness over several minutes.
Stress and anxiety may reduce hardness even when desire is present.
They advertised a product claiming to improve hardness and stamina.
نمونههای زبانآموزی
He had trouble keeping his hardness, so he went to a doctor.
Nehezen tudta megtartani a merevségét, ezért orvoshoz fordult.
Some men worry about their hardness as they get older.
Egyes férfiak az életkor előrehaladtával aggódnak a merevségük miatt.
The medicine is used to help men reach normal hardness.
Smoking can have a bad effect on hardness.
The doctor asked questions about his hardness during sex.
اشتباه رایج:
Learners may not realize this sense is sexual and can sound vulgar in casual conversation. In medical or polite talk, phrases like *erectile function* or *firmness* are usually preferred.
معنی
rigidity during sexual arousal
ترکیبهای رایج
maintain hardness
|loss of hardness
|achieve hardness
|full hardness
|improve hardness
هممعنیها
firmness (In sexual or medical contexts, *firmness* is more neutral and less vulgar than *hardness*.)
متضادها
flaccidity (Technical term for a soft, non-erect state, the opposite of hardness in this context.)
موضوعها
health
|sexuality
|body
تعریف
How firm or hard the penis becomes during sexual arousal.
The degree of firmness or rigidity of a penis when it is erect.
دستور زبان
صورت پایه
hardness
IPA
GB/hˈɑɹdnəs/
US/hˈɑɹdnəs/
هجاها و تکیه
hard - ness (۲ هجا)
Stress on 1st syllable (hard)
صورتهای واژه
Noun
- Base: hardness
- Plural: hardness, hardnesses
خانوادهٔ واژه
عبارتها
hardness of heart
1/hˈɑɹdnəs əv hˈɑɹt/
idiom
literary
lack of compassion or pity
A strong lack of kindness or pity in a person.
نمونهها
- The story shows the king’s hardness of heart toward his people.
- She could not understand his hardness of heart in the face of such suffering.
hardness test
1/hˈɑɹdnəs tˈɛst/
fixed phrase
technical
test of a material’s hardness
A test used in science or engineering to see how well a material resists a scratch or a small dent.
نمونهها
- The engineer performed a hardness test on the new alloy.
- Different hardness tests are used for metals, plastics, and ceramics.
Mohs hardness scale
1/mˈɑs hˈɑɹdnəs skˈeɪl/
fixed phrase
technical
scale for mineral hardness
A numbered list from 1 to 10 that shows how hard different minerals are by how easily they can be scratched.
نمونهها
- Quartz has a value of 7 on the Mohs hardness scale.
- Geology students must memorize the Mohs hardness scale for their lab work.
Rockwell hardness test
1/ɹˈɑkwˌɛl hˈɑɹdnəs tˈɛst/
fixed phrase
technical
Rockwell method for hardness
A special test that pushes a small object into a material with force to find out how hard the material is.
نمونهها
- The parts were checked with a Rockwell hardness test before shipping.
- Standards specify which Rockwell hardness test should be used for each metal.
water hardness
1/wˈɔtɚ hˈɑɹdnəs/
fixed phrase
technical
level of minerals in water
How much mineral (like calcium and magnesium) is in water, making it ‘hard’.
نمونهها
- High water hardness can cause scale to build up in pipes.
- We installed a system to reduce water hardness in our house.