Vocafy - یادگیری مؤثر زبان Vocafy - یادگیری مؤثر زبان
انگلیسی

contend

gb/kəntˈɛnd/ us/kəntˈɛnd/
B2 انگلیسی
~ 5200
معنی‌ها
۰ معنی
فعل formal C1 action
1

argue or claim that something is so

To say strongly that something is true, usually in a serious talk, article, or court case.

الگوی کاربرد: [someone] contends (that) [clause]
اشتباه رایج:
Learners often confuse "contend" with "content" (meaning satisfied). They may also try to use "contend" in very casual speech where "say" or "think" is more natural. Another mistake is leaving out the clause: you usually contend something specific, often using "that" (e.g., "They contend that the law is unfair.").
هم‌معنی‌ها
argue (More general and common in speech; less formal than "contend".) | maintain (Similar formality; suggests holding a position over time, even against opposition.) | assert (Emphasizes stating something strongly and confidently, sometimes without proof.) | claim (Very common; can sound more neutral or skeptical, depending on context.)
متضادها
concede (Means to admit something is true after denying or resisting it, the opposite of continuing to contend a point.) | accept (Means to agree that something is true instead of arguing against it.)
ترکیب‌های رایج
contend that |critics contend |scholars contend |defense lawyers contend |it is contended that |rightly contend
موضوع‌ها
communication |law |academia |core_vocabulary
نمونه‌ها
  • The lawyers contend that the evidence was collected illegally.
  • Many scientists contend that climate change is already affecting weather patterns.
  • Supporters of the plan contend that it will create thousands of new jobs.
  • Her article contends that social media has changed how young people form friendships.
نمونه‌های زبان‌آموزی
  • The author contends that the law is unfair.
  • Some people contend that video games make children violent.
  • Experts contend that exercise is the best way to stay healthy.
  • They contend that the company broke the rules.
فعل B2 action
2

compete to win something

To try to win something while other people or teams are also trying to win it.

الگوی کاربرد: [someone/something] contends for [something]
اشتباه رایج:
Learners sometimes drop the preposition and say "contend the title" instead of "contend for the title." Another confusion is using "contend" when there is no real competition; in those cases "try" or "aim" is more natural.
هم‌معنی‌ها
compete (More common and general; does not carry the slightly formal tone of "contend.") | vie (Formal/literary; often used in similar contexts but less frequent than "contend.")
متضادها
withdraw (Means to stop taking part in a competition, the opposite of contending for a prize.) | forfeit (Means to give up your right to a prize or game, instead of actively competing for it.)
ترکیب‌های رایج
contend for the title |contend for first place |contend for power |contend for a medal |contend for the presidency |contend in the finals
موضوع‌ها
sports |politics |competition |work |core_vocabulary
نمونه‌ها
  • Several teams are still contending for the championship.
  • She plans to contend for a place on the national swimming team.
  • Three candidates are contending for the party leadership.
  • Only two players now remain to contend for the top prize.
نمونه‌های زبان‌آموزی
  • Four teams will contend for the cup this year.
  • He wants to contend for a gold medal at the Olympics.
  • Many companies contend for the same customers.
  • Two men contended for the job of manager.
فعل B2 action
3

struggle to deal with difficulties

To face and try to deal with difficult people, problems, or things.

الگوی کاربرد: [someone] contends with [problem/difficulty]
اشتباه رایج:
Learners sometimes say "contend about" or "contend to" instead of the fixed phrase "contend with." They also sometimes use it for simple, easy tasks, but it usually describes real difficulty or pressure.
هم‌معنی‌ها
struggle with (Very close in meaning; more common and slightly more informal than "contend with.") | cope with (Focuses more on managing a situation than on active opposition or struggle.) | face (More general; does not always suggest as much difficulty as "contend with.")
متضادها
avoid (Means to stay away from problems instead of having to deal with them.) | escape (Means to get away from difficulties, the opposite of being forced to contend with them.)
ترکیب‌های رایج
contend with challenges |contend with problems |contend with traffic |contend with a serious illness |contend with limited resources |contend with opposition
موضوع‌ها
difficulties |work |daily life |daily_life |core_vocabulary
نمونه‌ها
  • Small businesses often contend with rising costs and strict regulations.
  • Residents have to contend with heavy traffic during rush hour.
  • The team is contending with a number of injuries this season.
  • Farmers must contend with unpredictable weather conditions.
نمونه‌های زبان‌آموزی
  • We have to contend with a lot of noise from the street.
  • She contends with stress at work every day.
  • Many families contend with high rent prices.
  • The city contends with air pollution in the summer.
فعل literary C2 action
4

fight or struggle in battle

To fight against another person or group, usually in a serious or violent way (mostly in stories or history).

الگوی کاربرد: [groups/forces] contend (against [someone])
هم‌معنی‌ها
fight (More common and direct; can be physical or figurative, while this sense of "contend" is often literary.) | do battle (Set phrase with similar formal or literary tone.)
متضادها
make peace (Means to stop fighting and agree peacefully, the opposite of continuing to contend in battle.)
ترکیب‌های رایج
contend in battle |contending armies |contending forces |contend against an enemy |contend on the battlefield |contend for supremacy
موضوع‌ها
war |history |literature |politics |core_vocabulary
نمونه‌ها
  • Rival kingdoms contended for control of the region.
  • The two armies contended fiercely on the open plain.
  • For centuries, clans contended against one another over the fertile valley.
نمونه‌های زبان‌آموزی
  • Two armies contended for control of the city.
  • In the story, heroes contend against a great evil.
  • Many groups contended in the long war.
دستور زبان
صورت پایه
contend
IPA
GB/kəntˈɛnd/
US/kəntˈɛnd/
هجاها و تکیه
con - tend (۲ هجا)
Stress on 2nd syllable (tend)
صورت‌های واژه
Verb
  • Base: contend
  • 3rd Person Singular: contends
  • Present Participle: contending
  • Past: contended
خانوادهٔ واژه
Forms
contends verb contending verb contended verb
Core family
contender noun B2 contention noun C1
Related words
contentious adjective C1
Advanced or less common
contentiously adverb contentiousness noun
عبارت‌ها

contend for

1
/kəntˈɛnd fɚ/
phrasal verb

compete in order to win

To try to win a prize, title, or position while other people are also trying to win it.

نمونه‌ها
  • Ten runners will contend for the gold medal tomorrow.
  • Three parties are contending for control of the government.
  • Several young actors are contending for the lead role.

contend that

1
/kəntˈɛnd ðˈæt/
fixed phrase formal

formally claim that something is true

To say strongly, in a formal or serious way, that something is true.

نمونه‌ها
  • The report contends that the policy has failed.
  • They contend that the new rules are unfair.
  • Some researchers contend that the results have been misinterpreted.

contend with

1
/kəntˈɛnd wˈɪθ/
phrasal verb

have to deal with difficulties

To have difficult problems, people, or things that you must deal with.

نمونه‌ها
  • We have to contend with frequent delays on this train line.
  • New parents often contend with a lack of sleep.
  • Small shops must contend with competition from big online stores.
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