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انگلیسی

epidemic

gb/ˌɛpɪdˈɛmɪk/ us/ˌɛpɪdˈɛmɪk/
B2 انگلیسی
~ 5300
معنی‌ها
۰ معنی
اسم B2 event
1

sudden spread of a disease

A time when many people in one area get the same infectious disease, more than normal.

الگوی کاربرد: an epidemic of [disease]
اشتباه رایج:
Learners often confuse “epidemic” with “pandemic.” An epidemic is usually limited to a region or community, while a pandemic affects many countries or continents. Also, learners sometimes say *“many epidemics of flu every year”* when they mean simple *“flu seasons.”* Use “epidemic” only when the number of cases is much higher than usual.
هم‌معنی‌ها
outbreak (Broader and more general; can refer to any sudden start of disease or violence, not just large-scale infectious disease.) | pandemic (Usually refers to a disease epidemic that has spread across many countries or worldwide.)
متضادها
containment (Refers to successfully stopping or limiting the spread of the disease, the opposite situation of an epidemic growing.)
ترکیب‌های رایج
flu epidemic |global epidemic |control an epidemic |contain an epidemic |the spread of an epidemic |epidemic outbreak
موضوع‌ها
health |science |society
نمونه‌ها
  • The city declared a state of emergency after an epidemic of cholera was confirmed in several districts.
  • Vaccination campaigns helped bring the measles epidemic under control within a few months.
  • Health officials are monitoring the region to prevent a local outbreak from turning into a full epidemic.
نمونه‌های زبان‌آموزی
  • There was a big flu epidemic last winter.
  • Doctors worked day and night during the epidemic.
  • The government closed schools to slow the epidemic.
  • Vaccines can stop an epidemic from spreading.
  • The epidemic started in a small town and then spread.
اسم C1 event
2

widespread harmful social problem

A time when a bad problem or behavior becomes very common and spreads quickly among many people.

الگوی کاربرد: an epidemic of [negative thing]
اشتباه رایج:
Learners sometimes use “epidemic” for positive things, for example *“an epidemic of happiness.”* In modern English, this figurative use is almost always for negative or worrying things (crime, obesity, drug use, loneliness, etc.). For positive things, words like “boom” or “trend” are more natural.
هم‌معنی‌ها
wave (Emphasizes a strong rise in something for a period of time; less medical-sounding than “epidemic.”) | surge (Focuses on the sudden increase in numbers; does not always suggest spread through a population in the same way.)
متضادها
decline (Describes the opposite trend, when the level of a problem or behavior is going down instead of spreading widely.)
ترکیب‌های رایج
an epidemic of crime |the obesity epidemic |an epidemic of violence |an epidemic of loneliness |an opioid epidemic |an epidemic of fraud
موضوع‌ها
society |problems |health |daily_life |core_vocabulary
نمونه‌ها
  • Experts warn that social media addiction has reached epidemic levels among teenagers.
  • Many countries are struggling to respond to the global obesity epidemic.
  • The city is facing an epidemic of gun violence that has shocked residents.
  • Public health officials describe opioid misuse as an epidemic that is destroying families.
  • There appears to be an epidemic of loneliness in large modern cities.
نمونه‌های زبان‌آموزی
  • Some people say there is an epidemic of obesity in this country.
  • The town has an epidemic of car thefts this year.
  • There is an epidemic of phone use during class.
  • They are trying to stop the drug epidemic in the area.
  • An epidemic of stress is making many workers sick.
adjective C1 property
3

relating to an epidemic disease

Describing a disease or situation where many people in one area are infected.

الگوی کاربرد: epidemic [noun]
اشتباه رایج:
Learners sometimes use “epidemic” as an adjective before any health word, for example *“epidemic hospital”* or *“epidemic doctor,”* which is incorrect. Use it before words like “disease,” “outbreak,” “spread,” “levels,” or “transmission,” not for people or places.
هم‌معنی‌ها
contagious (Focuses more on how easily a disease can pass from person to person, not on how many cases there are.)
متضادها
sporadic (Describes cases that happen only occasionally or in scattered instances, not in large epidemic numbers.)
ترکیب‌های رایج
epidemic disease |epidemic outbreak |epidemic spread |epidemic transmission |epidemic levels of infection |epidemic control measures
موضوع‌ها
health |science
نمونه‌ها
  • The report examined the country’s preparedness for epidemic diseases like cholera and yellow fever.
  • Hospitals are updating their protocols for managing epidemic outbreaks.
  • Researchers are studying the factors that turn local infections into epidemic threats.
  • Epidemic transmission was fueled by crowded living conditions and poor sanitation.
  • The government created a task force to improve epidemic surveillance and response.
نمونه‌های زبان‌آموزی
  • The virus caused an epidemic outbreak in the city.
  • They are planning for possible epidemic diseases in the future.
  • The country improved its epidemic control systems.
  • Epidemic spread of the flu worried doctors.
  • Scientists work to stop epidemic infections early.
unknown C1 property
4

very widespread and harmful

Very common and spread widely in a group or place, usually for a bad problem.

الگوی کاربرد: [problem] is epidemic
اشتباه رایج:
Learners sometimes use “epidemic” as an adjective for neutral or positive things, such as *“epidemic interest in sports.”* In modern English, this adjective is usually used only for negative or worrying issues (crime, corruption, stress, misinformation, etc.).
هم‌معنی‌ها
rampant (Often a bit more emotional or dramatic; commonly used for negative things like crime or corruption.) | widespread (Slightly weaker; does not always carry the strong sense of rapid spread that “epidemic” suggests.)
متضادها
rare (Describes something that does not happen often, the opposite of being very widespread.) | limited (Suggests that the problem exists but only in a small area or group, not spread widely.)
ترکیب‌های رایج
epidemic corruption |epidemic levels of unemployment |epidemic fear |epidemic misinformation |epidemic poverty
موضوع‌ها
society |problems |core_vocabulary
نمونه‌ها
  • Misinformation about vaccines has become epidemic on some social media platforms.
  • In many large cities, housing insecurity is now epidemic.
  • Corruption is epidemic in sectors where there is little transparency.
  • Experts say that burnout is epidemic in high-pressure workplaces.
  • Fear of job loss was epidemic during the economic crisis.
نمونه‌های زبان‌آموزی
  • Online hate is epidemic on some websites.
  • In this country, obesity is epidemic among young adults.
  • Phone use while driving is epidemic in many cities.
  • Stress is epidemic in modern offices.
  • Smoking was epidemic in the 1960s.
دستور زبان
صورت پایه
epidemic
IPA
GB/ˌɛpɪdˈɛmɪk/
US/ˌɛpɪdˈɛmɪk/
هجاها و تکیه
epi - dem - ic (۳ هجا)
Stress on 3rd syllable (ic)
صورت‌های واژه
Adjective
  • Base: epidemic
Noun
  • Base: epidemic
  • Plural: epidemics
خانوادهٔ واژه
Forms
epidemics noun
Core family
epidemiology noun C1 epidemiologist noun
Related words
pandemic noun B2 endemic adjective
Advanced or less common
epidemiological adjective C1
عبارت‌ها

an epidemic of [something]

1
/ən ˌɛpɪdˈɛmɪk əv sˈʌmθɪŋ/
fixed phrase

a sudden large increase of something

Used to say that a problem, behavior, or disease has become very common and is spreading quickly among many people.

نمونه‌ها
  • Many countries are dealing with an epidemic of obesity in children.
  • The city is facing an epidemic of car thefts this year.

epidemic proportions

1
/ˌɛpɪdˈɛmɪk pɹəpˈɔɹʃənz/
fixed phrase

extremely large and widespread

Used to say that something has become extremely large and common, almost like a disease that spreads quickly.

نمونه‌ها
  • Online scams have reached epidemic proportions in recent years.
  • The problem of plastic waste in the oceans has grown to epidemic proportions.

reach epidemic proportions

1
/ɹˈit͡ʃ ˌɛpɪdˈɛmɪk pɹəpˈɔɹʃənz/
fixed phrase

become extremely widespread

To grow or increase so much that it becomes extremely widespread and serious, like a big disease outbreak.

نمونه‌ها
  • Childhood obesity has reached epidemic proportions in some regions.
  • Experts fear that antibiotic resistance could reach epidemic proportions if misuse continues.

the obesity epidemic

1
/ðə oʊbˈisəti ˌɛpɪdˈɛmɪk/
fixed phrase

very widespread obesity problem

The situation where many more people than before are very overweight, in a way that is a serious health problem for society.

نمونه‌ها
  • Schools are trying to improve lunches to help fight the obesity epidemic.
  • The obesity epidemic is putting pressure on healthcare systems around the world.

the opioid epidemic

1
/ðə ˈoʊpiˌɔɪd ˌɛpɪdˈɛmɪk/
fixed phrase

widespread opioid misuse problem

The serious problem in some countries where many people are becoming addicted to opioid drugs and many are dying from them.

نمونه‌ها
  • Policymakers are under pressure to respond to the opioid epidemic.
  • The opioid epidemic has devastated many small towns and rural communities.
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