glum
gb/ɡlˈʌm/ us/ɡlˈʌm/
B2
انگلیسی
معنیها
۰ معنی
adjective
B2
property
1
sad and lacking cheer
sad and not cheerful
الگوی کاربرد:
[someone] looks/feels glum
اشتباه رایج:
Don’t confuse glum (sad) with gloomy (often about places/weather) or glam (stylish).
هممعنیها
sad (more general and more common.)
|
unhappy (often focuses on dissatisfaction as well as sadness.)
|
downcast (suggests a visibly low mood.)
|
gloomy (often stronger; can also describe atmosphere or outlook.)
متضادها
cheerful (showing happiness and optimism.)
|
bright (lively and positive in mood or expression.)
ترکیبهای رایج
look glum
|feel glum
|a glum expression
|a glum face
|a glum mood
|a glum smile
|sit glumly
|sound glum
|turn glum
|seem glum
موضوعها
emotions
|daily_life
نمونهها
- He was glum after reading the email.
- She gave a glum little nod and went back to work.
- The kids were glum when the trip got cancelled.
نمونههای زبانآموزی
- I feel glum today.
- He looks glum.
adjective
C1
property
2
sullen and unwilling to talk
quietly angry and not talking much
الگوی کاربرد:
[someone] is glum (because/of/after [something])
اشتباه رایج:
Glum can mean ‘sullen’ (annoyed and silent), not only ‘sad.’
هممعنیها
sullen (more clearly linked to annoyance; less about sadness.)
|
moody (suggests changing moods; can be less specific.)
|
sulky (often used for childish or immature behavior.)
متضادها
friendly (open and willing to engage with others.)
|
talkative (willing to speak and interact.)
ترکیبهای رایج
a glum silence
|glum and quiet
|glum and withdrawn
|glum teenager
|glum refusal
|glumly ignore [someone]
|sit glumly
|remain glum
|go glum
|look glumly at [someone/something]
موضوعها
emotions
|relationships
|communication
نمونهها
- He went glum and stopped answering questions.
- She stayed glum all evening after the argument.
- The team was glum in the locker room, barely speaking.
نمونههای زبانآموزی
- He is glum because he is angry.
- She became glum and quiet.
adjective
C1
property
3
dark and depressing in atmosphere
making you feel sad or depressed
الگوی کاربرد:
a glum [day/place/room/outlook]
هممعنیها
gloomy (the most common word for dark or depressing atmosphere.)
|
dreary (emphasizes dullness and lack of brightness or interest.)
متضادها
bright (full of light or a positive feel.)
|
uplifting (making you feel happier or more hopeful.)
ترکیبهای رایج
a glum day
|glum weather
|a glum room
|a glum atmosphere
|a glum outlook
|a glum forecast
موضوعها
emotions
|weather
|travel
|arts
نمونهها
- It was a glum, rainy afternoon with low clouds.
- The meeting ended on a glum note after the budget news.
- They drove through a glum industrial district at dusk.
نمونههای زبانآموزی
- The weather is glum today.
دستور زبان
صورت پایه
glum
IPA
GB/ɡlˈʌm/
US/ɡlˈʌm/
هجاها و تکیه
glum (۱ هجا)
Stress on 1st syllable (glum)
صورتهای واژه
Adjective
- Base: glum
- Comparative: glummer
- Superlative: glummest
خانوادهٔ واژه
عبارتها
be glum about
1/bˈi ɡlˈʌm əbˈaʊt/
fixed phrase
be unhappy about something
to be sad about something
نمونهها
- They were glum about the delay but accepted it.
- He’s glum about his exam score.
- She sounded glum about moving away.
feel glum
1/fˈil ɡlˈʌm/
fixed phrase
feel sad or low
to feel sad
نمونهها
- I felt glum after the weekend ended.
- He’s been feeling glum since the breakup.
- She felt glum but tried to stay busy.
get the glums
1/ɡˈɛt ðə ɡlˈʌmz/
fixed phrase
informal
become sad and sulky
to start feeling sad and sulky
نمونهها
- He gets the glums whenever it rains for days.
- Don’t get the glums—there will be other chances.
- She got the glums after the call and went quiet.
have the glums
1/hˈæv ðə ɡlˈʌmz/
fixed phrase
informal
be in a sulky mood
to feel sad and sulky
نمونهها
- Don’t worry—he just has the glums today.
- I had the glums all morning, then I went for a run.
- She’s got the glums because her plans fell through.
look glum
1/lˈʊk ɡlˈʌm/
fixed phrase
appear sad or unhappy
to look sad
نمونهها
- You look glum—what happened?
- She looked glum when she heard the result.
- He looked glum and avoided eye contact.