Vocafy - یادگیری مؤثر زبان Vocafy - یادگیری مؤثر زبان
انگلیسی

penalize

gb/pˈɛnəlˌaɪz/ us/pˈɛnəlˌaɪz/
B2 انگلیسی
معنی‌ها
۰ معنی
فعل formal B2 action
1

punish by imposing a penalty

To punish someone by giving them a penalty.

الگوی کاربرد: penalize [someone] (for [something/doing something])
اشتباه رایج:
Don’t confuse with "criticize"; to penalize means to apply an actual penalty, not just express disapproval.
هم‌معنی‌ها
punish (More general; not always an official penalty.) | sanction (Often used for official or institutional penalties.) | fine (Specifically to punish by requiring payment.)
متضادها
reward (To give a benefit instead of a penalty.) | pardon (To forgive an offense rather than punish it.)
ترکیب‌های رایج
penalize someone for |penalize a company |penalize a driver |penalize illegal behavior |penalize violations |heavily penalize |criminally penalize |penalize under the law |penalize noncompliance |penalize offenders
موضوع‌ها
law |rules |government |crime
نمونه‌ها
  • The new law penalizes employers who fail to pay overtime.
  • The company was penalized for dumping waste into the river.
  • Repeat offenders may be penalized more severely.
نمونه‌های زبان‌آموزی
  • You can be penalized for breaking the rules.
  • The school penalized students for cheating.
فعل B2 action
2

give a penalty in sports

In sports, to give someone a penalty for breaking a rule.

الگوی کاربرد: penalize [someone/a team] (for [something])
اشتباه رایج:
In sports, "penalize" is often used with referees/officials as the subject (e.g., "The referee penalized him").
هم‌معنی‌ها
penalise (British spelling.) | dock (Often means to take away points or money.)
متضادها
award (To give a point/advantage instead of a penalty.)
ترکیب‌های رایج
penalize a team |penalize a player |penalize a foul |penalize for handball |penalize for offside |penalize for dangerous play |be penalized for |wrongly penalize |heavily penalize |penalize the offense
موضوع‌ها
sports |competition |rules
نمونه‌ها
  • The referee penalized the defender for a late tackle.
  • The team was penalized three points for violating the salary cap.
  • She was penalized for stepping out of bounds.
نمونه‌های زبان‌آموزی
  • The referee penalized him for a foul.
فعل formal C1 action
3

put at a disadvantage

To cause someone to have a disadvantage or lose benefits.

الگوی کاربرد: penalize [someone/something] (for [something])
اشتباه رایج:
This meaning is often about indirect effects (a system penalizes a group), not direct punishment by a person.
هم‌معنی‌ها
disadvantage (More general; does not necessarily imply a rule-based penalty.) | harm (Broader and less tied to systems or rules.) | handicap (Often emphasizes making success harder.)
متضادها
favor (To give an advantage rather than a disadvantage.) | benefit (To help rather than hurt.)
ترکیب‌های رایج
penalize low-income families |penalize small businesses |penalize older workers |penalize users |penalize innovation |penalize risk-taking |penalize applicants |unfairly penalize |effectively penalize |penalize someone financially
موضوع‌ها
business |education |society |technology
نمونه‌ها
  • The policy unintentionally penalizes part-time workers.
  • The algorithm can penalize candidates with nontraditional career paths.
  • High banking fees penalize customers who maintain low balances.
نمونه‌های زبان‌آموزی
  • This rule penalizes people who work part-time.
دستور زبان
صورت پایه
penalize
IPA
GB/pˈɛnəlˌaɪz/
US/pˈɛnəlˌaɪz/
هجاها و تکیه
pen - al - ize (۳ هجا)
Stress on 1st syllable (pen)
صورت‌های واژه
Verb
  • Base: penalize
  • 3rd Person Singular: penalizes
  • Present Participle: penalizing
  • Past: penalized
خانوادهٔ واژه
Forms
penalizes verb penalizing verb penalized verb
Core family
penalty noun B1 penal adjective
Related words
penalization noun penalise verb C1
عبارت‌ها

be penalized for [something/doing something]

1
/bˈi pˈinəlˌaɪzd fɚ səmˈɛθɪŋdˈɔɪŋ sˈʌmθɪŋ/
fixed phrase

receive a penalty for a reason

To get a penalty because of something you did.

نمونه‌ها
  • Drivers can be penalized for using a phone at the wheel.
  • She was penalized for submitting the form late.
  • The team was penalized for too many players on the field.

penalize [someone/something] for [something/doing something]

1
/pˈɛnəlˌaɪz sˈoʊmˈoʊnsəmˈɛθɪŋ fɚ səmˈɛθɪŋdˈɔɪŋ sˈʌmθɪŋ/
fixed phrase

punish or disadvantage for a reason

Used to say why someone gets a penalty.

نمونه‌ها
  • The judge penalized the firm for repeated safety violations.
  • The referee penalized him for time-wasting.
  • The grading system can penalize students for minor formatting errors.
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