damages
gb/dˈæmɪd͡ʒɪz/ us/dˈæmɪd͡ʒɪz/
B2
Englanti
kártérítés, kár
SUBSTANTIIVI
C1
LEGAL
1
kártérítés
B2
Käyttömalli:
damages for [loss/injury]; claim/seek/award/pay damages
The company agreed to pay $2 million in damages to affected customers.
A cég beleegyezett, hogy 2 millió dollár kártérítést fizet az érintett ügyfeleknek.
She sued the hospital for damages after the operation left her unable to work.
Kártérítésért perelte be a kórházat, miután a műtét következtében nem tudott tovább dolgozni.
The jury awarded damages for lost income and emotional distress.
Oppijaesimerkit
He had to pay damages after the accident.
A baleset után kártérítést kellett fizetnie.
They asked for damages in court.
Kártérítést kértek a bíróságon.
Tyypillinen virhe:
Do not use damages for ordinary physical harm in general English; use uncountable damage: “The storm caused a lot of damage.”
Merkitys
Legal compensation money
Kollokaatiot
claim damages
|seek damages
|sue for damages
|award damages
|pay damages
|recover damages
|damages claim
|damages award
|substantial damages
|monetary damages
Synonyymit
compensation (more general; money given to make up for loss or injury)
|
reparation (more formal; often for serious or historical harm)
|
restitution (emphasizes restoring what was lost or paying it back)
Teemat
law
|money
|conflict
|business
Määritelmä
money that someone must pay because they harmed another person or broke the law or a contract.
money claimed or awarded, especially by a court or legal settlement, to compensate someone for loss, injury, or harm.
SUBSTANTIIVI
B2
2
kár
B1
Käyttömalli:
damages from [event]; damages to [property]
Officials estimated damages from the wildfire at more than $200 million.
Az illetékesek a bozóttűz okozta kárt több mint 200 millió dollárra becsülték.
The insurance adjuster came to assess the damages to the roof and garage.
A biztosító kárszakértője azért jött, hogy felmérje a tetőben és a garázsban keletkezett károkat.
The report listed crop damages after the long drought.
Oppijaesimerkit
The damages from the flood were very high.
Az árvíz okozta kár nagyon nagy volt.
They are still estimating the damages.
Még mindig becsülik a kárt.
Tyypillinen virhe:
In everyday English, damage is usually safer for the harm itself: “damage to the house,” not usually “damages to the house.”
Merkitys
Assessed financial losses
Kollokaatiot
estimated damages
|total damages
|assess damages
|calculate damages
|report damages
|storm damages
|flood damages
|crop damages
|damages from the hurricane
|damages to property
Synonyymit
losses (broader; may include money lost without physical damage)
|
costs (focuses on the amount that must be paid)
|
damage (more standard for the harm itself rather than its financial amount)
Teemat
money
|insurance
|disasters
|property
|business
Määritelmä
the amount of money that damage to something is estimated to cost.
the estimated or calculated monetary losses caused by an accident, disaster, or other harmful event, especially for insurance, business, or official reporting.
Kielioppi
Sanakirjamuoto
damages
IPA
GB/dˈæmɪd͡ʒɪz/
US/dˈæmɪd͡ʒɪz/
Tavut ja painotus
dam - ages (2 tavua)
Stress on 1st syllable (dam)
Taivutusmuodot
Noun
- Base: damages
- Plural: damages
Ilmaukset
compensatory damages
1/kəmpˈɛnsətˌɔɹi dˈæmɪd͡ʒɪz/
fixed phrase
legal
Damages covering actual loss
money paid to cover what a person actually lost or suffered.
Esimerkit
- She received compensatory damages for medical bills and lost wages.
- The court separated compensatory damages from punitive damages in its ruling.
Oppijaesimerkit
- Compensatory damages pay for the loss.
- He asked for compensatory damages.
damages for pain and suffering
1/dˈæmɪd͡ʒɪz fɚ pˈeɪn ˈænd sˈʌfɚɪŋ/
fixed phrase
legal
Compensation for distress
money for the pain and emotional problems someone suffers after being injured.
Esimerkit
- The settlement included damages for pain and suffering as well as payment for medical expenses.
- Jurors considered how the accident affected his daily life when calculating damages for pain and suffering.
Oppijaesimerkit
- The award included damages for pain and suffering.
- She asked for damages for pain and suffering.
liquidated damages
1/lˈɪkwɪdˌeɪtɪd dˈæmɪd͡ʒɪz/
fixed phrase
legal
Contract-set damages amount
money a contract says must be paid if someone breaks the contract.
Esimerkit
- The contract required liquidated damages of $1,000 for each day the project was late.
- The court enforced the liquidated damages clause because the amount was reasonable.
Oppijaesimerkit
- The contract set liquidated damages.
- They had to pay liquidated damages for the delay.
liquidated damages
1/lˈɪkwɪdˌeɪtɪd dˈæmɪd͡ʒɪz/
fixed phrase
legal
pre-agreed contract compensation
money that a contract says someone must pay if they break the agreement
Esimerkit
- The contract includes a liquidated damages clause for late delivery.
- The court upheld the liquidated damages because the amount was a reasonable estimate of loss.
- The supplier agreed to pay liquidated damages for each week of delay.
Oppijaesimerkit
- The buyer had to pay liquidated damages for canceling late.
nominal damages
1/nˈɑmənəl dˈæmɪd͡ʒɪz/
fixed phrase
legal
Small symbolic damages
a small amount of money given mainly to show that someone’s rights were violated.
Esimerkit
- The judge awarded nominal damages of one dollar because the plaintiff’s rights had been violated but no loss was proved.
- He won the case but received only nominal damages.
Oppijaesimerkit
- She won nominal damages of $1.
- Nominal damages can be symbolic.
punitive damages
1/pjˈunətɪv dˈæmɪd͡ʒɪz/
fixed phrase
legal
Money awarded to punish
Extra money in a lawsuit meant to punish the wrongdoer.
Esimerkit
- The jury awarded punitive damages after finding the company had acted deliberately.
- The judge reduced the punitive damages on appeal.
- Punitive damages are rare in some legal systems.
Oppijaesimerkit
- The court awarded punitive damages.
- Punitive damages are meant to punish.
punitive damages
1/pjˈunətɪv dˈæmɪd͡ʒɪz/
fixed phrase
legal
Damages meant to punish
extra money a wrongdoer must pay as punishment, not just to cover the victim’s loss.
Esimerkit
- The jury awarded $5 million in punitive damages after finding that the company had acted recklessly.
- The plaintiffs are seeking punitive damages, arguing that the fraud was deliberate.
Oppijaesimerkit
- Punitive damages are meant to punish.
- The court awarded punitive damages.
statutory damages
1/stˈæt͡ʃətˌɔɹi dˈæmɪd͡ʒɪz/
fixed phrase
legal
Damages set by law
money the law says can be awarded for a particular violation.
Esimerkit
- The photographer sought statutory damages for unauthorized use of her image.
- Under the law, consumers may receive statutory damages even when the exact loss is hard to prove.
Oppijaesimerkit
- Statutory damages are set by law.
- The law allows statutory damages.
sue for damages
1/sˈu fɚ dˈæmɪd͡ʒɪz/
fixed phrase
start a case to get compensation
to take someone to a civil court because you want money from them for harm or loss they caused
Esimerkit
- The family plans to sue for damages after the accident.
- If the product is unsafe, customers may sue for damages.
- Several investors are suing for damages over the failed project.
sue for damages
1/sˈu fɚ dˈæmɪd͡ʒɪz/
fixed phrase
legal
Seek compensation in court
to take someone to court because you want money for harm or loss they caused.
Esimerkit
- Residents sued the factory for damages after chemicals contaminated their wells.
- He plans to sue for damages over the cancelled contract.
Oppijaesimerkit
- They sued the company for damages.
- She may sue for damages.
treble damages
1/tɹˈɛbəl dˈæmɪd͡ʒɪz/
fixed phrase
legal
Triple damages amount
damages that are three times the normal amount.
Esimerkit
- The statute allows successful plaintiffs to recover treble damages.
- The company faced treble damages for violating antitrust law.
Oppijaesimerkit
- Treble damages are three times the loss.
- The court can award treble damages.