rugged
gb/ɹˈʌɡɪd/ us/ɹˈʌɡɪd/
B2
Englanti
~ 6100
sziklás, egyenetlen, tagolt, strapabíró, masszív, tartós, markáns, férfiasan vonzó, karakteres, szívós és önálló, zord, kemény, kíméletlen, mostoha
B2
1
Käyttömalli:
rugged [land/terrain/landscape/coastline]
We hiked for hours across the rugged terrain of the national park.
Órákon át túráztunk a nemzeti park sziklás, egyenetlen terepén.
The island’s rugged coastline is beautiful but dangerous for small boats.
A sziget sziklás, tagolt partvonala gyönyörű, de veszélyes a kisebb hajók számára.
Farmers found it hard to grow crops in such rugged, rocky soil.
From the airplane window, we could see a line of rugged mountains stretching to the horizon.
Oppijaesimerkit
They drove slowly over the rugged road.
Lassan hajtottak az egyenetlen úton.
The village sits in a valley between rugged hills.
A falu egy völgyben fekszik, sziklás hegyek között.
The hikers loved the rugged mountains and clear air.
Tyypillinen virhe:
Learners sometimes confuse “rugged” with “ragged.” “Rugged” usually describes land or faces that are rough or uneven, while “ragged” describes something torn or in bad condition, like old clothes.
Merkitys
rough, uneven in surface
Kollokaatiot
rugged terrain
|rugged landscape
|rugged mountains
|rugged coastline
|rugged cliffs
|rugged countryside
Synonyymit
rough (More general; can describe anything not smooth, not just land.)
|
craggy (Often suggests steep, rocky cliffs or mountains with sharp edges.)
Antonyymit
smooth (Describes a surface without bumps or roughness, the opposite of rugged.)
|
flat (Focuses on level, even land without hills or rocks.)
Teemat
nature
|travel
|space
|core_vocabulary
Määritelmä
Having a surface that is not smooth, often with many rocks, hills, or sharp shapes.
Having a rough, uneven, and often rocky surface, especially used of land or natural features.
B2
2
Käyttömalli:
rugged [equipment/clothing/device/design]
These rugged boots are perfect for working on a construction site.
Ezek a strapabíró bakancsok tökéletesek építkezésen való munkához.
The company markets a rugged smartphone designed for outdoor adventurers.
A cég szabadtéri kalandoroknak tervezett strapabíró okostelefont reklámoz.
We need more rugged equipment if we’re going to film in the desert.
The camera’s rugged housing protects it from dust, rain, and drops.
Oppijaesimerkit
He bought a rugged watch for camping.
Strapabíró órát vett kempingezéshez.
This bag is very rugged and does not tear.
Ez a táska nagyon strapabíró, és nem szakad el.
The laptop is rugged, so it can survive a fall.
Tyypillinen virhe:
Learners sometimes think “rugged” can describe a person’s muscles directly, but for strength of a person it is more natural to say “strong” or “tough.” “Rugged” in this sense is mainly used for things like tools, devices, and clothes.
Merkitys
strong and made to last
Kollokaatiot
rugged boots
|rugged phone
|rugged tablet
|rugged vehicle
|rugged construction
|rugged design
Synonyymit
durable (Focuses more on long life; not always about harsh conditions.)
|
hard-wearing (Common in British English for clothes or equipment that last a long time.)
Antonyymit
fragile (Suggests something that breaks or is damaged easily, the opposite of rugged equipment.)
|
delicate (Implies something fine and easily harmed, often not suitable for rough use.)
Teemat
technology
|work
|travel
|core_vocabulary
Määritelmä
Made in a strong way so it does not break easily, even in hard use or bad weather.
Strongly built and able to resist damage, wear, or difficult conditions.
B2
3
Käyttömalli:
rugged [features/face/appearance/good looks]
The actor is known for his rugged good looks and deep voice.
A színész markáns, férfias külsejéről és mély hangjáról ismert.
Years of sailing had given him a rugged face and sunburned skin.
A vitorlázással töltött évek markánssá tették az arcát, a bőrét pedig napbarnítottá.
She preferred his rugged features to the smooth, polished look of other models.
The ad uses a rugged, outdoorsy man to sell the new truck.
Oppijaesimerkit
He has rugged good looks and a kind smile.
Markáns, férfias megjelenése és kedves mosolya van.
The man’s rugged face shows many years of hard work.
A férfi markáns arcán sok év kemény munkája látszik.
People say the singer is ruggedly handsome.
Tyypillinen virhe:
Some learners use “rugged” to mean simply “very handsome.” In this sense, “rugged” always includes the idea of rough, strong, or outdoorsy features, not a soft or perfectly smooth beauty.
Merkitys
rough but attractive in looks
Kollokaatiot
rugged good looks
|rugged features
|rugged face
|ruggedly handsome
|rugged charm
Synonyymit
weathered (Suggests an older, sun- or wind-beaten face; not always clearly attractive.)
|
masculine (Focuses on a traditionally male style of appearance, not necessarily rough or outdoorsy.)
Antonyymit
boyish (Describes a young, smooth, gentle kind of male attractiveness, not rough or weathered.)
|
delicate (Suggests fine, soft features, the opposite of strong, rough ones.)
Teemat
appearance
|relationships
|body
|core_vocabulary
Määritelmä
Describing a person, usually a man, whose face looks strong and a bit rough, but still attractive.
Having strong, rough, or weathered facial features that are considered attractive, especially in a traditionally masculine way.
C1
4
Käyttömalli:
rugged [individual/character/spirit/lifestyle]
The job demands a rugged individual who can work alone in the wilderness.
A munkához olyan szívós, önálló ember kell, aki egyedül is tud dolgozni a vadonban.
She developed a rugged independence during her years in the remote town.
A távoli városban töltött évei alatt szívós önállóság alakult ki benne.
The film celebrates the rugged spirit of early settlers.
His rugged character came from growing up in a harsh climate with few comforts.
Oppijaesimerkit
He has a rugged spirit and does not give up.
Szívós természete van, és nem adja fel.
Life on the farm made her a rugged person.
A farmon töltött élet szívós, önálló emberré tette.
The hikers must be rugged to walk for many days in the cold.
Tyypillinen virhe:
Learners sometimes think “rugged” here means “angry” or “rude.” It actually describes strong character and ability to face hard conditions, often with a positive or admiring tone.
Merkitys
tough and self-reliant in spirit
Kollokaatiot
rugged individual
|rugged individualism
|rugged spirit
|rugged lifestyle
|rugged independence
Synonyymit
tough (Very close in meaning, but more general and common in everyday speech.)
|
hardy (Suggests able to survive difficult physical conditions, often with a positive tone.)
Antonyymit
soft (Informally describes someone who cannot handle difficulties well.)
|
dependent (Focuses on needing help from others, the opposite of self-reliant.)
Teemat
personality
|society
|daily_life
|emotions
|core_vocabulary
Määritelmä
Strong in character and able to live or work in hard conditions without much help.
Tough, strong, and able to deal with hardship, often emphasizing independence and self-reliance.
C1
5
Käyttömalli:
rugged [conditions/life/journey/existence]
Many families left the region because of the rugged living conditions.
Sok család elhagyta a vidéket a zord életkörülmények miatt.
The climbers faced a rugged journey through ice and high winds.
A hegymászókra viszontagságos út várt a jégen és az erős szélben.
Her grandparents endured a rugged life on a remote farm.
The documentary shows the rugged existence of miners in the early twentieth century.
Oppijaesimerkit
They had a rugged life in the mountains.
Kemény életük volt a hegyekben.
The workers deal with rugged conditions every winter.
A munkások minden télen zord körülményekkel küzdenek.
It was a long, rugged trip across the desert.
Tyypillinen virhe:
Because this sense is less common, learners sometimes misunderstand it as talking about the shape of the land only. Here, “rugged” describes how hard or severe the whole situation is, not just whether it is bumpy or rocky.
Merkitys
harsh and very difficult
Kollokaatiot
rugged conditions
|rugged life
|rugged journey
|rugged existence
Synonyymit
harsh (Very similar; often used for climates, conditions, or treatment that is hard to bear.)
Antonyymit
comfortable (Suggests conditions that are easy and pleasant to live in.)
|
easy (General opposite of difficult; covers work, life, or travel that does not demand much effort.)
Teemat
life
|work
|weather
|nature
Määritelmä
Very hard and not comfortable, used for life, travel, or weather that is difficult to live with.
Severe and difficult, especially used of conditions, journeys, or ways of life that are physically or emotionally hard.
Kielioppi
Sanakirjamuoto
rugged
IPA
GB/ɹˈʌɡɪd/
US/ɹˈʌɡɪd/
Tavut ja painotus
rugged (1 tavu)
Stress on 1st syllable (rugged)
Taivutusmuodot
Adjective
- Base: rugged
Sanaperhe
Core family
ruggedly
adverb
ruggedness
noun
Negative and opposite forms
smooth
adjective A2
Ilmaukset
rugged good looks
1/ɹˈʌɡɪd ɡˈʊd lˈʊks/
fixed phrase
strong, rough but attractive looks
A kind of beauty, usually in a man, where the face looks strong and a little rough, not soft or perfect.
Esimerkit
- The ad relies on the model’s rugged good looks to sell outdoor clothing.
- With his rugged good looks and easy smile, he quickly became a fan favorite.
rugged individualism
1/ɹˈʌɡɪd ˌɪndɪvɪdˈuəlˌɪzəm/
fixed phrase
belief in self-reliant individuals
The idea that each person should be strong, independent, and able to take care of themselves without help from the government.
Esimerkit
- The politician praised rugged individualism as a core national value.
- Her decision to start a business in a small town was inspired by a spirit of rugged individualism.
- Critics argue that rugged individualism can make people ignore the needs of their community.
rugged individualism
1/ɹˈʌɡɪd ˌɪndɪvɪdˈuəlˌɪzəm/
fixed phrase
formal
strong self-reliant independence
the idea that people should succeed on their own without help
Esimerkit
- The film plays into the American ideal of rugged individualism.
- She questioned rugged individualism and argued for stronger public services.
- His politics are shaped by a belief in rugged individualism.
Oppijaesimerkit
- He believes in rugged individualism.
- The story celebrates rugged individualism.
ruggedly handsome
1/ɹˈʌɡɪdli hˈænsəm/
fixed phrase
handsome in a rough, strong way
Looking handsome in a way that is strong and a bit rough, like someone who spends a lot of time outdoors.
Esimerkit
- People often describe the actor as ruggedly handsome.
- Her father was a ruggedly handsome farmer with kind eyes.
ruggedly handsome
2/ɹˈʌɡɪdli hˈænsəm/
fixed phrase
Strong and rough but attractive man
Good-looking in a strong and rough way, like someone who works outdoors.
Esimerkit
- The cowboy was ruggedly handsome with sunburned skin.
- He had a ruggedly handsome face with a square jaw.