ratification
gb/ɹˌætəfɪkˈeɪʃən/ us/ɹˌætəfɪkˈeɪʃən/
C1
영어
~ 8600
의미
의미 0개
명사
formal
C1
action
1
formal approval of an agreement
The formal act of saying yes to a treaty, law, or agreement so that it becomes officially valid.
사용 패턴：
ratification of [agreement] by [authority]
자주 하는 실수：
Learners sometimes confuse "ratification" with "verification" or "rectification". "Ratification" is about formal approval that makes something officially valid. "Verification" is about checking if something is true, and "rectification" is about correcting a mistake. Another common mistake is using "ratification" in everyday, informal situations (e.g., "I need my parents' ratification of my trip"), where "permission" or "approval" would sound more natural.
유의어
approval (More general and common; not limited to formal or legal contexts.)
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endorsement (Suggests strong support, often by a respected person or body; not always a legal act.)
|
confirmation (Focuses on checking and then accepting a decision; slightly less formal and not always legal.)
반의어
rejection (Direct opposite: the agreement is not accepted and does not become valid.)
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veto (A specific kind of rejection where a person or body uses special power to stop ratification.)
연어
treaty ratification
|ratification process
|ratification vote
|instrument of ratification
|ratification by parliament
|subject to ratification
주제
law
|politics
|business
예문
- The treaty still awaits ratification by the Senate before it can take effect.
- Union leaders hailed the ratification of the new contract as a major victory for workers.
- Rapid ratification of the climate agreement sent a strong signal to the international community.
- Without formal ratification, the deal remains a political promise rather than a legal obligation.
- The board’s ratification of the CEO’s earlier decision removed any doubts about its legality.
학습자용 예문
- The law needs ratification by parliament.
- After ratification, the trade agreement becomes official.
- The workers voted for the ratification of the contract.
- Ratification of the peace deal ended the conflict.
- The company is waiting for ratification from the board.
문법
기본형
ratification
IPA
GB/ɹˌætəfɪkˈeɪʃən/
US/ɹˌætəfɪkˈeɪʃən/
음절 및 강세
rat - i - fic - a - tion （5음절）
Stress on 4th syllable (a)
활용형
Noun
- Base: ratification
- Plural: ratification, ratifications
관련 단어
Forms
ratifications
noun
Core family
ratify
verb C1
Related words
ratifier
noun
Negative and opposite forms
unratified
adjective
Advanced or less common
ratifiable
adjective
표현
call for ratification
1/kˈɔl fɚ ɹˌætəfɪkˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
formal
request formal approval
To ask governments, organizations, or members to give formal approval to a treaty, law, or agreement.
예문
- Activists renewed their call for ratification of the international labor convention.
- The president’s speech included a strong call for ratification of the trade pact.
instrument of ratification
1/ˈɪnstɹəmənt əv ɹˌætəfɪkˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
formal
official document of approval
An official document that a government signs and sends to show that it has formally approved a treaty.
예문
- The country deposited its instrument of ratification with the United Nations.
- Once the instruments of ratification are exchanged, the treaty will enter into force.
ratification process
1/ɹˌætəfɪkˈeɪʃən pɹˈɑsˌɛs/
fixed phrase
formal
steps for formal approval
The series of official steps that must happen before an agreement, treaty, or law is formally approved and becomes valid.
예문
- The ratification process can take months, as each member state must vote on the treaty.
- Delays in the ratification process have created uncertainty for businesses.
ratification vote
1/ɹˌætəfɪkˈeɪʃən vˈoʊt/
fixed phrase
formal
official vote for approval
A formal vote by a group, such as a parliament or union members, to decide whether to approve an agreement.
예문
- The ratification vote on the peace accord is scheduled for next Tuesday.
- Union members rejected the contract in the first ratification vote.
signing and ratification
1/sˈaɪnɪŋ ˈænd ɹˌætəfɪkˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
formal
signing followed by formal approval
The two main steps for a treaty or agreement: first, it is signed, and later it is formally approved so it becomes fully valid.
예문
- The agreement is now ready for signing and ratification by member states.
- The protocol will enter into force after signing and ratification by at least 30 countries.
subject to ratification
1/sˈʌbd͡ʒɪkt tə ɹˌætəfɪkˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
formal
needing later formal approval
Not officially final yet and will only become valid if it is formally approved later.
예문
- The agreement is subject to ratification by both national parliaments.
- Any changes to this contract are subject to ratification by the board of directors.