junior
gb/d͡ʒˈunjɚ/ us/d͡ʒˈunjɚ/
B1
Kiingereza
~ 2900
Maana
maana 0
adjective
B1
property
1
Lower in position or importance
Lower in position or importance than someone else.
Muundo wa matumizi:
[someone] is junior to [someone]
Kosa la kawaida:
Learners sometimes confuse 'junior' with 'younger' when talking about rank; 'junior' refers to position, not always age.
Visawe
subordinate (More formal and often used in business or military contexts.)
Vinyume
senior (Refers to someone with higher rank, position, or status.)
Miunganiko ya maneno
junior employee
|junior partner
|junior officer
|junior member
Mada
work
|education
|hierarchy
|business
|core_vocabulary
Mifano
- She is junior to him in the company hierarchy.
- As a junior partner, he has less decision-making power.
- In the military, a junior officer follows orders from higher ranks.
- The junior staff are usually given simpler tasks.
- He started as a junior analyst and worked his way up.
Mifano kwa wanafunzi
- I am junior to my boss.
- She is a junior member of the team.
- He is a junior officer in the army.
- This job is for junior workers.
- We have many junior staff here.
adjective
B2
property
2
Younger than another person
Younger than someone else, often in a family.
Muundo wa matumizi:
[someone] is junior to [someone] by [time period]
Kosa la kawaida:
Learners may overuse 'junior' instead of simply saying 'younger'. In casual speech, 'younger' is more common.
Visawe
younger (A more general word for less age.)
Vinyume
elder (Refers to someone older in age, especially in family contexts.)
Miunganiko ya maneno
junior sibling
|junior colleague
Mada
family
|relationships
|core_vocabulary
Mifano
- He is three years junior to me.
- My brother is junior to me by two years.
- She is the junior sibling in the family.
- He married a woman ten years his junior.
Mifano kwa wanafunzi
- I am two years junior to her.
- My sister is junior to me.
- He is my junior brother.
- She married someone five years her junior.
Nomino
B1
entity
3
Third-year student in high school or college
A student in the third year of high school or college (in the U.S.).
Kosa la kawaida:
Learners may confuse 'junior' with 'freshman' or 'sophomore'. The order is freshman, sophomore, junior, senior.
Visawe
third-year student (A neutral descriptive term without regional specificity.)
Vinyume
senior (A student in their final year of study.)
Miunganiko ya maneno
high school junior
|college junior
Mada
education
|core_vocabulary
Mifano
- She’s a junior at Boston University.
- My son is a high school junior this year.
- Juniors can start applying for internships.
- As a junior, he took advanced classes.
Mifano kwa wanafunzi
- I am a junior in college.
- She is a high school junior.
- He became a junior last year.
- Many juniors take part-time jobs.
Nomino
B1
entity
4
Person with lower position or rank
A person with a lower position than others at work or school.
Visawe
subordinate (More formal and often used in official contexts.)
Vinyume
senior (A person with higher rank or status.)
Miunganiko ya maneno
train juniors
|mentor juniors
Mada
work
|hierarchy
|business
|core_vocabulary
Mifano
- The seniors help train the juniors.
- She mentors juniors in the law firm.
- As a manager, you must guide your juniors.
- Juniors are expected to learn from seniors.
Mifano kwa wanafunzi
- I help new juniors at work.
- Juniors learn from seniors.
- She trains juniors at the office.
- We have ten juniors in our team.
suffix
B2
relation
5
'Jr.' after a son's name with same name as father
'Junior' after a name shows the man has the same name as his father and is younger.
Kosa la kawaida:
Learners may incorrectly use 'junior' without understanding it only applies when names are identical between parent and child.
Visawe
Jr. (The abbreviated form commonly used in writing.)
Mada
names
|relationships
|communication
|core_vocabulary
Mifano
- Martin Luther King Junior was a civil rights leader.
- His name is John Smith Junior, after his father.
- The award went to Robert Downey Junior.
Mifano kwa wanafunzi
- My name is Paul Adams Junior.
- He is called James Brown Junior.
- His son is Michael Johnson Junior.
Sarufi
Umbo la kamusi
junior
IPA
GB/d͡ʒˈunjɚ/
US/d͡ʒˈunjɚ/
Silabi na mkazo
ju - ni - or (silabi 3)
Stress on 1st syllable (ju)
Maumbo ya neno
Adjective
- Base: junior
Noun
- Base: junior
- Plural: juniors
Familia ya neno
Forms
juniors
noun
Negative and opposite forms
senior
adjective B1
Semi
be someone's junior
1/bˈi sˈʌmwˌʌnz d͡ʒˈunjɚ/
fixed phrase
Be lower in rank or younger than someone else
To have a lower position or be younger than another person.
Mifano
- She is my junior by two years at work.
- He is my junior by three ranks in the army.
junior high school
1/d͡ʒˈunjɚ hˈaɪ skˈul/
fixed phrase
School between elementary and high school
A school for students between elementary and high school, usually grades 7–9 in the U.S.
Mifano
- She teaches math at a junior high school.
- I met him when we were both in junior high school.