Vocafy - Kujifunza lugha kwa ufanisi Vocafy - Kujifunza lugha kwa ufanisi
Kiingereza

specialization

gb/spˌɛʃələzˈeɪʃən/ us/spˌɛʃələzˈeɪʃən/
B2 Kiingereza
~ 8000
Maana
maana 0
Nomino B2 entity
1

main field of work or study

A main subject or skill that a person chooses to focus on and become very good at.

Muundo wa matumizi: [someone]'s specialization is [field]
Kosa la kawaida:
Learners often confuse "specialization" with "major." In university contexts, "major" is more common in everyday speech (especially in American English), while "specialization" can sound more formal or narrow. Another mistake is using the wrong preposition: say "a specialization in marketing," not "a specialization on marketing."
Visawe
specialty (Very close in meaning; often a bit more informal and slightly more common in everyday speech, especially for jobs and food (e.g., a chef’s specialty).)
Vinyume
generalist (Refers to a person who has broad skills and knowledge in many areas instead of one clear specialization.)
Miunganiko ya maneno
area of specialization |field of specialization |medical specialization |technical specialization |professional specialization |academic specialization
Mada
education |work |business |core_vocabulary
Mifano
  • Her main specialization is environmental law.
  • The program allows students to choose a specialization in their final year.
  • Data security is a growing specialization within information technology.
  • He completed his medical degree with a specialization in cardiology.
  • Marketing analytics has become a highly valued specialization in many companies.
Mifano kwa wanafunzi
  • My specialization is computer graphics.
  • She wants a specialization in child psychology.
  • This course is good for students with a business specialization.
  • He changed his specialization from chemistry to biology.
  • IT security is a useful specialization today.
Nomino C1 action
2

process of narrowing focus

The act of doing or learning fewer kinds of things so you can do those few things very well.

Muundo wa matumizi: the specialization of [work/roles/tasks]
Kosa la kawaida:
Learners sometimes treat this sense as always countable. When talking about the general trend or process, "specialization" is usually uncountable (e.g., "increasing specialization," not *"an increasing specialization" unless you mean one specific case).
Visawe
narrowing (More general word; does not always include the idea of professional or functional focus that "specialization" has.)
Vinyume
diversification (Describes doing or producing many different kinds of things, the opposite of focusing on a narrow set of tasks.)
Miunganiko ya maneno
increasing specialization |job specialization |role specialization |high degree of specialization |division and specialization of labor |trend toward specialization
Mada
work |business |society |education
Mifano
  • Increasing specialization in the workplace has created many highly focused roles.
  • The specialization of tasks helped the company produce goods more efficiently.
  • Modern societies rely on a high level of specialization to function smoothly.
  • In smaller firms, there is less specialization, so employees must handle many different duties.
  • The report describes a clear trend toward specialization in higher education.
Mifano kwa wanafunzi
  • There is more specialization in big companies.
  • Specialization of work can save time.
  • Modern life needs a high level of specialization.
  • With less specialization, each worker does many jobs.
  • The book talks about specialization in modern society.
Nomino technical C1 event
3

cells or organs becoming specialized

In biology, the way that cells or body parts change so they can do one special job well.

Muundo wa matumizi: the specialization of [cells/tissues/organs] for [function]
Kosa la kawaida:
Learners may confuse "specialization" with "species" or "speciation" in biology because of similar spelling. "Specialization" is about cells or parts getting a specific job; "speciation" is about new species forming.
Visawe
differentiation (More precise technical term in biology; often used specifically for cells becoming different types, while "specialization" can more broadly emphasize the function.)
Vinyume
undifferentiated (Describes cells or tissues that have not taken on a specific structure or function, which is the opposite state of specialized structures.)
Miunganiko ya maneno
cell specialization |functional specialization |specialization of cells |specialization of tissues |neural specialization |adaptation and specialization
Mada
biology |science |health
Mifano
  • Cell specialization allows muscle cells and nerve cells to perform very different functions.
  • The specialization of tissues is essential for the development of complex organisms.
  • Brain specialization helps different regions control movement, language, and vision.
  • Evolution has led to extreme specialization in the feeding structures of some insects.
  • The paper explores the relationship between cell specialization and organism complexity.
Mifano kwa wanafunzi
  • Cell specialization happens as the body grows.
  • Specialization of cells lets them do different jobs.
  • Tissue specialization is important in complex animals.
  • Brain specialization means different parts do different things.
  • In biology class we studied cell specialization.
Nomino technical C1 state
4

economic focus on certain products

In economics, when people or places make only a few kinds of products or services so they can do them very well and trade with others.

Muundo wa matumizi: specialization in the production of [goods/services]
Kosa la kawaida:
Learners sometimes use "specialization" here to talk about a person’s job choice (which fits sense 1) instead of a wider economic pattern. When the subject is a country, industry, or region, it usually refers to the economic sense.
Visawe
division of labor (Related but not identical; "division of labor" is about splitting tasks, while "specialization" focuses on repeatedly doing a limited set of tasks or products.)
Vinyume
self-sufficiency (Describes producing everything you need yourself instead of specializing and relying on trade.)
Miunganiko ya maneno
economic specialization |regional specialization |trade and specialization |specialization and comparative advantage |specialization in services |industrial specialization
Mada
economics |business |finance
Mifano
  • International trade is driven by specialization and comparative advantage.
  • The region’s specialization in high-tech manufacturing has boosted its economy.
  • Economic specialization allows countries to focus on what they produce most efficiently.
  • Over time, industrial specialization has made global supply chains more complex.
  • The textbook explains how specialization and trade can increase total output.
Mifano kwa wanafunzi
  • Many countries gain from specialization and trade.
  • This city’s specialization is car production.
  • Economic specialization can make workers more efficient.
  • Regional specialization means each area makes different things.
  • The lesson was about specialization in international trade.
Sarufi
Umbo la kamusi
specialization
IPA
GB/spˌɛʃələzˈeɪʃən/
US/spˌɛʃələzˈeɪʃən/
Silabi na mkazo
spe - cial - iz - a - tion (silabi 5)
Stress on 4th syllable (a)
Maumbo ya neno
Noun
  • Base: specialization
  • Plural: specialization, specializations
Familia ya neno
Forms
specializations noun
Core family
special adjective A2 specialize verb B1 specialist noun B1 specialized adjective especially adverb A2
Related words
specialty noun B1 specially adverb B1
Negative and opposite forms
unspecialized adjective generalist noun C1
Advanced or less common
specialism noun overspecialization noun
Semi

area of specialization

1
/ˈɛɹiə əv spˌɛʃələzˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase

person’s main expert field

The subject or skill that a person mainly works in or studies and knows best.

Mifano
  • My area of specialization is corporate finance.
  • The university is known for its strong areas of specialization in engineering and medicine.
  • You should choose an area of specialization that matches your interests.

field of specialization

1
/fˈild əv spˌɛʃələzˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase

professional or academic domain

The professional or study area that someone has chosen to focus on.

Mifano
  • Her field of specialization is international human rights law.
  • Applicants must state their field of specialization on the form.
  • Neuroscience is a challenging field of specialization.
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Hatutumii vidakuzi vya matangazo kutoka kwa wahusika wengine wala pikseli za ufuatiliaji kwenye tovuti tofauti.
Tunatumia vidakuzi na teknolojia zinazofanana ili programu yetu ifanye kazi vizuri, kuchanganua utendaji, na kuboresha matumizi yako.
Unaweza kudhibiti mapendeleo yako wakati wowote.

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