tribunal
gb/tɹəbjˈunəl/ us/tɹəbjˈunəl/
C1
Kiingereza
~ 9400
Maana
maana 0
Nomino
formal
C1
entity
1
official court or judging body
An official group of people with power to listen to a case and decide what is right by law or rules.
Muundo wa matumizi:
a tribunal [hears/decides] [a case/dispute]
Kosa la kawaida:
Learners sometimes confuse 'tribunal' with 'trial'. A 'trial' is the process of judging a case, while a 'tribunal' is the body or court that judges the case. Learners may also overuse 'tribunal' where 'court' is more natural; in general contexts, 'court' is more common, and 'tribunal' is often used for special or lower-level bodies (e.g., employment tribunal).
Visawe
court (A broader and more common word for any judicial body; 'tribunal' often suggests a specialized or lower-level body dealing with a particular type of case.)
|
panel (Emphasizes a small group of decision-makers; not always legal, while a 'tribunal' is usually an official legal or quasi-legal body.)
Vinyume
defendant (In a legal process, the defendant is the person being judged, while the tribunal is the official body that judges and decides.)
Miunganiko ya maneno
employment tribunal
|disciplinary tribunal
|international tribunal
|military tribunal
|appeal tribunal
|war crimes tribunal
Mada
law
|government
|work
|politics
Mifano
- The employment tribunal ruled that she had been unfairly dismissed.
- An international tribunal was established to prosecute war crimes committed during the conflict.
- The case will be heard by a three-member tribunal next month.
- He plans to appeal the decision to a higher tribunal.
- The tribunal concluded that the company had broken health and safety regulations.
Mifano kwa wanafunzi
- The tribunal decided that the worker was right.
- She took her case to an employment tribunal.
- A special tribunal looked at the facts and made a decision.
- The tribunal listened to both sides of the story.
- The tribunal said the company must pay money to the man.
Nomino
formal
C1
entity
2
panel that judges or evaluates
An official group of people who look at a problem or a person’s actions and decide what should happen, but not as part of a normal court.
Muundo wa matumizi:
a tribunal [assesses/reviews] [someone/something]
Kosa la kawaida:
Learners may think 'tribunal' is used only for legal courts. In fact, it is also used for official groups inside universities, companies, or organizations that judge serious problems or complaints. Another confusion is using 'board' or 'committee' when the focus is specifically on judging wrongdoing; in those cases, 'tribunal' can be more precise.
Visawe
committee (A general word for a group making decisions; unlike 'tribunal', it does not necessarily suggest judging or deciding on wrongdoing.)
Vinyume
candidate (In evaluative situations, the candidate is the person being judged, while the tribunal is the group that judges and decides.)
Miunganiko ya maneno
university tribunal
|disciplinary tribunal
|independent tribunal
|appeals tribunal
|exam tribunal
|review tribunal
Mada
education
|work
|media
|law
Mifano
- A university tribunal will review the plagiarism allegations next week.
- The disciplinary tribunal found the officer guilty of serious misconduct.
- An independent tribunal was set up to assess complaints against the broadcaster.
- The exam tribunal decided to lower the pass mark after the error was discovered.
- Staff can appeal the decision to an internal tribunal within the company.
Mifano kwa wanafunzi
- The school formed a tribunal to study the case.
- A special tribunal at the company listened to the workers’ complaints.
- The tribunal looked at all the papers before making a choice.
- Students can go to the tribunal if they think their exam was not fair.
- The tribunal decided that he broke the school rules.
Nomino
archaic
C2
entity
3
raised platform of a magistrate
In old Roman times, a high platform where an important leader stood to speak or judge people.
Muundo wa matumizi:
the tribunal [stood] in [a forum/camp]
Visawe
dais (A general word for a raised platform for speakers or officials; 'tribunal' in this sense is specific to ancient Roman contexts.)
Vinyume
pit (A low or sunken area contrasts physically with a raised platform such as a tribunal.)
Miunganiko ya maneno
Roman tribunal
|magistrate's tribunal
|tribunal in the forum
|military tribunal platform
Mada
history
|law
Mifano
- The governor sat on the tribunal overlooking the crowded forum.
- From the tribunal, the general addressed his troops before the battle.
- Archaeologists uncovered the remains of a stone tribunal in the ancient camp.
- The accused were brought before the magistrate seated on the tribunal.
- The emperor’s tribunal dominated one end of the square.
Mifano kwa wanafunzi
- In ancient Rome, the judge sat high on a tribunal.
- Soldiers stood below while the leader spoke from the tribunal.
- The tribunal was a stone platform in the city center.
- People looked up at the man on the tribunal.
- The old tribunal is now only broken stones.
Sarufi
Umbo la kamusi
tribunal
IPA
GB/tɹəbjˈunəl/
US/tɹəbjˈunəl/
Silabi na mkazo
tribunal (silabi 1)
Maumbo ya neno
Noun
- Base: tribunal
- Plural: tribunals
Familia ya neno
Forms
tribunals
noun
Semi
Bado hakuna semi zilizounganishwa na ingizo hili.