fluctuation
gb/flˌʌkt͡ʃuˈeɪʃən/ us/flˌʌkt͡ʃuˈeɪʃən/
B2
อังกฤษ
~ 8100
ingadozás, piaci ingadozás, fluktuáció, véletlenszerű ingadozás
คำนาม
B2
1
ingadozás
B1
รูปแบบการใช้:
fluctuation in [something]
There has been a lot of fluctuation in the weather this month.
Ebben a hónapban sokat ingadozott az időjárás.
The doctor said my energy levels show normal daily fluctuation.
Az orvos szerint az energiaszintem normális napi ingadozást mutat.
We noticed a sudden fluctuation in the water pressure last night.
Mood fluctuation is common when you are under stress.
The graph shows clear fluctuation in attendance over the year.
ตัวอย่างสำหรับผู้เรียน
There is a big fluctuation in the temperature this week.
Ezen a héten nagy a hőmérséklet-ingadozás.
We saw a fluctuation in the number of visitors each day.
Azt tapasztaltuk, hogy naponta ingadozott a látogatók száma.
Her weight shows only a small fluctuation from month to month.
The fluctuation in noise makes it hard to sleep.
Fluctuation in my internet speed is very annoying.
ข้อผิดพลาดที่พบบ่อย:
Learners sometimes use 'fluctuation' when they mean a single change, saying *'a fluctuation in price from $5 to $10'* instead of simply 'a change in price'. 'Fluctuation' is normally used for a series of changes over time. Learners also sometimes say *'fluctuations of the temperature is high'*; the correct structure is 'temperature fluctuations are high' or 'there is a lot of fluctuation in the temperature'.
ความหมาย
Irregular changes in level or amount
คำที่ใช้ร่วมกัน
temperature fluctuation
|mood fluctuations
|hormonal fluctuations
|daily fluctuations
|small fluctuations
|wild fluctuations
คำพ้องความหมาย
variation (More general and can be used for differences at one time as well as changes over time; 'fluctuation' focuses on ongoing up-and-down change.)
|
instability (Emphasizes lack of steadiness and can sound more negative, while 'fluctuation' can be neutral or descriptive.)
คำตรงข้าม
stability (Describes a state where something stays the same and does not change up and down over time.)
|
consistency (Stresses regularity and sameness, the opposite of something that keeps changing.)
หัวข้อ
general
|science
|daily_life
|core_vocabulary
คำจำกัดความ
A series of small changes in the level or amount of something, going up and down over time.
An irregular, often continuous variation in the level, amount, or strength of something over time.
คำนาม
C1
TECHNICAL
2
รูปแบบการใช้:
fluctuation in [economic measure]
The company blamed falling profits on sharp fluctuations in the euro–dollar exchange rate.
A vállalat a csökkenő nyereséget az euró–dollár árfolyam erős ingadozásaival magyarázta.
Investors are worried about recent price fluctuations in the housing market.
A befektetők aggódnak a lakáspiacon tapasztalható közelmúltbeli áringadozások miatt.
Our budget has to allow for fluctuations in fuel costs throughout the year.
The central bank intervened to limit fluctuations in the national currency.
Seasonal fluctuations in demand make it hard to plan our production.
ตัวอย่างสำหรับผู้เรียน
The hotel changes its prices because of fluctuations in demand.
A szálloda a kereslet ingadozása miatt változtatja az árait.
Strong fluctuations in the stock market can scare new investors.
A tőzsde erős ingadozásai elriaszthatják az új befektetőket.
We must prepare for fluctuations in the exchange rate.
Price fluctuations make it difficult to plan our costs.
The report explains recent fluctuations in oil prices.
ข้อผิดพลาดที่พบบ่อย:
Learners may say *'the price is fluctuation'* instead of using the verb form 'the price is fluctuating' or the noun with a support verb, 'there is a fluctuation in the price'. They may also confuse 'inflation' (a general rise in prices) with 'fluctuation' (prices going up and down).
ความหมาย
Short-term economic ups and downs
คำที่ใช้ร่วมกัน
price fluctuations
|market fluctuations
|currency fluctuations
|exchange rate fluctuations
|fluctuations in demand
คำพ้องความหมาย
volatility (Common in finance to describe how strongly prices move; often sounds more technical and risk-focused than 'fluctuation'.)
|
market swings (More informal and emphasizes large, noticeable movements rather than any size of change.)
คำตรงข้าม
price stability (Describes a situation where prices stay nearly the same rather than moving up and down.)
|
steady growth (Emphasizes smooth, predictable increase, the opposite of irregular economic movement.)
หัวข้อ
business
|economics
|finance
คำจำกัดความ
Many quick changes in prices, demand, or money value over a short time.
A short-term, often rapid variation in an economic measure such as prices, demand, markets, or currency exchange rates.
คำนาม
C2
TECHNICAL
3
รูปแบบการใช้:
fluctuation in [measured quantity]
The experiment measures tiny thermal fluctuations in the metal surface.
A kísérlet a fémfelület apró termikus fluktuációit méri.
Random fluctuations in the data can hide the underlying trend.
Az adatok véletlenszerű ingadozásai elfedhetik a mögöttes trendet.
Quantum fluctuations may have played a role in the formation of galaxies.
We filtered out high-frequency fluctuations from the signal.
The model assumes only small pressure fluctuations around the mean value.
ตัวอย่างสำหรับผู้เรียน
The scientist studies small fluctuations in temperature.
A kutató a hőmérséklet apró ingadozásait vizsgálja.
Random fluctuations in the signal make the data hard to read.
A jel véletlenszerű ingadozásai miatt nehéz értelmezni az adatokat.
We cannot avoid some fluctuation in our measurements.
The chart shows fluctuations around the average line.
The device is very sensitive to voltage fluctuations.
ข้อผิดพลาดที่พบบ่อย:
Learners may confuse 'fluctuation' with 'oscillation'. 'Oscillation' suggests a regular back-and-forth pattern, while 'fluctuation' often refers to irregular or random changes around an average.
ความหมาย
Random deviations from an average value
คำที่ใช้ร่วมกัน
random fluctuations
|thermal fluctuations
|quantum fluctuations
|pressure fluctuations
|signal fluctuations
คำพ้องความหมาย
noise (In scientific and technical contexts, 'noise' is unwanted random fluctuation in a signal, not just any variation.)
|
perturbation (More formal and mathematical; often refers to a small change applied to a system, whereas 'fluctuation' can be naturally occurring.)
คำตรงข้าม
equilibrium (Describes a balanced state with no net change, where fluctuations are minimal or absent.)
|
constancy (Emphasizes remaining the same over time, without random deviation from the average.)
หัวข้อ
science
|physics
|statistics
คำจำกัดความ
Small, often random changes from the normal or average value in a scientific measurement.
A random or small-scale variation of a physical, biological, or measured quantity around its average or equilibrium value.
ไวยากรณ์
รูปคำในพจนานุกรม
fluctuation
IPA
GB/flˌʌkt͡ʃuˈeɪʃən/
US/flˌʌkt͡ʃuˈeɪʃən/
พยางค์และการเน้นเสียง
fluc - tu - ation (3 พยางค์)
Stress on 3rd syllable (ation)
รูปคำ
Noun
- Base: fluctuation
- Plural: fluctuation, fluctuations
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วลีและสำนวน
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