rationality

gb/ɹˌæʃənˈælɪti/ us/ɹˌæʃənˈælɪti/

C1 อังกฤษ

észszerűség, racionalitás, józan ítélőképesség

คำนาม C1 FORMAL

észszerűség C1

racionalitás C1

รูปแบบการใช้:

the rationality of [something]; [someone's] rationality

Many voters questioned the rationality of spending so much money on the project.

Sok választó megkérdőjelezte annak az észszerűségét, hogy ennyi pénzt költsenek a projektre.

The plan has a certain rationality, even if some of its details are unpopular.

Ennek a tervnek van bizonyos észszerűsége, még ha egyes részletei népszerűtlenek is.

In a crisis, fear can make it difficult to maintain calm rationality.

ตัวอย่างสำหรับผู้เรียน

We need rationality, not panic.

Most észszerűségre van szükség, nem pánikra.

I do not understand the rationality of that decision.

Nem értem annak a döntésnek az észszerűségét.

ข้อผิดพลาดที่พบบ่อย:

Do not use rationality to mean the reason or explanation for something; use rationale.

ความหมาย

reasonableness and logic

คำที่ใช้ร่วมกัน

คำพ้องความหมาย

reasonableness (emphasizes being sensible and fair) | logic (emphasizes clear reasoning more than sensible behavior) | sanity (less formal and often means practical good sense)

คำตรงข้าม

irrationality (lack of reason or logical control) | unreasonableness (failure to be sensible, fair, or logical)

หัวข้อ

reasoning |decision_making |logic |behavior

คำจำกัดความ

the quality of thinking or acting in a logical and sensible way

The quality of being sensible, logical, and based on reason rather than emotion, impulse, or superstition.

คำนาม C1 FORMAL

racionalitás C1

józan ítélőképesség C1

รูปแบบการใช้:

[human/individual/collective] rationality; the limits of [someone's] rationality

The book explores whether artificial intelligence can display genuine rationality.

A könyv azt vizsgálja, hogy a mesterséges intelligencia képes-e valódi racionalitást felmutatni.

Stress and lack of sleep can reduce our rationality.

A stressz és az alváshiány ronthatja a józan ítélőképességünket.

Philosophers have long debated the nature and limits of human rationality.

ตัวอย่างสำหรับผู้เรียน

Humans do not always use their rationality.

Az emberek nem mindig a racionalitásukra támaszkodnak.

Tiredness can affect your rationality.

A fáradtság ronthatja a józan ítélőképességedet.

ข้อผิดพลาดที่พบบ่อย:

Rationality is usually uncountable. Academic writers may say rationalities when discussing different kinds or systems of reasoning.

ความหมาย

capacity for reasoned thought

คำที่ใช้ร่วมกัน

คำพ้องความหมาย

reason (the general human faculty of logical thought) | reasoning ability (more direct and less abstract) | judgment (focuses on making good decisions)

คำตรงข้าม

irrationality (thinking or acting without proper reason) | impulsiveness (acting quickly from feeling rather than thought) | instinct (automatic response rather than deliberate reasoning)

หัวข้อ

psychology |reasoning |mind |decision_making

คำจำกัดความ

the ability to think clearly and make decisions for logical reasons

The mental capacity to think logically, form judgments, and make decisions on the basis of reasons.

คำนาม C2 TECHNICAL

racionalitás C2

รูปแบบการใช้:

assume rationality; a model of rationality; rationality in [economics/decision theory]

Traditional economic models often assume perfect rationality.

A hagyományos közgazdasági modellek gyakran tökéletes racionalitást feltételeznek.

Behavioral economists study where human choices depart from strict rationality.

A viselkedési közgazdászok azt vizsgálják, hol térnek el az emberi döntések a szigorú racionalitástól.

The pricing model relies on a narrow idea of consumer rationality.

ตัวอย่างสำหรับผู้เรียน

The theory assumes rationality in buyers and sellers.

Az elmélet racionalitást feltételez a vevők és az eladók részéről.

Real people often do not show perfect rationality.

A való életben az emberek gyakran nem tanúsítanak tökéletes racionalitást.

ข้อผิดพลาดที่พบบ่อย:

In this use, rationality does not mean kindness or morality; it means consistent goal-directed choice.

ความหมาย

goal-directed optimal choice

คำที่ใช้ร่วมกัน

คำพ้องความหมาย

utility maximization (narrower economic term for choosing the option with the greatest expected benefit) | optimizing behavior (emphasizes selecting the best available option) | consistent choice (emphasizes stable preferences and logical decisions)

คำตรงข้าม

irrational behavior (choices that do not follow consistent reasoning or preferences) | cognitive bias (systematic mental error that can prevent fully rational choice)

หัวข้อ

economics |decision_theory |business |psychology |social_science

คำจำกัดความ

the economic idea that people make choices that consistently serve their goals or interests

In economics and decision theory, the principle or assumption that people choose consistently in ways that best satisfy their preferences or goals, given the information they have.

ไวยากรณ์

รูปคำในพจนานุกรม

rationality

IPA

GB/ɹˌæʃənˈælɪti/

US/ɹˌæʃənˈælɪti/

พยางค์และการเน้นเสียง

ra - tion - al - ity (4 พยางค์)

Stress on 3rd syllable (al)

รูปคำ

Noun

Base: rationality
Plural: rationalities, rationality

วลีและสำนวน

bounded rationality

/bˈaʊndɪd ɹˌæʃənˈælɪti/

fixed phrase technical

limited rational decision-making

the idea that people make the best decision they can, but their knowledge and thinking time are limited

ตัวอย่าง

The company used the concept of bounded rationality to explain why managers sometimes choose a satisfactory option rather than the best possible one.
Bounded rationality helps explain why consumers do not always compare every available product.
In real markets, bounded rationality is often more realistic than the assumption of perfect information.

ตัวอย่างสำหรับผู้เรียน

Bounded rationality means people cannot think about every option.
The manager made a good-enough choice because of bounded rationality.

economic rationality

/ˌɛkənˈɑmɪk ɹˌæʃənˈælɪti/

fixed phrase technical

self-interested economic reasoning

making choices mainly to get the best economic result

ตัวอย่าง

From the viewpoint of economic rationality, closing the factory saved the company money.
The policy was criticized for treating economic rationality as more important than social welfare.
Consumers do not always behave according to simple economic rationality.

ตัวอย่างสำหรับผู้เรียน

Economic rationality focuses on costs and benefits.
The decision made sense as economic rationality.

instrumental rationality

/ˌɪnstɹəmˈɛntəl ɹˌæʃənˈælɪti/

fixed phrase technical

efficient means-end reasoning

thinking logically about how to reach a goal, without asking whether the goal is right

ตัวอย่าง

Instrumental rationality can explain why the strategy worked, but it cannot show whether the goal was ethical.
The debate contrasted instrumental rationality with moral reasoning.
A purely instrumental rationality may value efficiency over human needs.

ตัวอย่างสำหรับผู้เรียน

Instrumental rationality asks, 'What is the best way to reach this goal?'
It does not ask if the goal is good.

rationality assumption

/ɹˌæʃənˈælɪti əsˈʌmpʃən/

fixed phrase technical

assumption of rational behavior

the idea in a model that people or companies will make logical choices that support their goals

ตัวอย่าง

The rationality assumption makes the model easier to analyze but less realistic.
Behavioral economics challenges the rationality assumption in traditional theory.
The forecast depends heavily on a strong rationality assumption about consumers.

ตัวอย่างสำหรับผู้เรียน

The rationality assumption says people choose logically.
The model uses a rationality assumption.

กลับไปยังรายการ

การเรียนรู้

เครื่องมือ

สำรวจ

บริษัท & ศูนย์ช่วยเหลือ

rationality

bounded rationality

economic rationality

instrumental rationality

rationality assumption

การเรียนรู้

เครื่องมือ

แหล่งข้อมูล

บริษัท

ยินดีต้อนรับกลับมา!