redundancy
gb/ɹɪdˈʌndənsi/ us/ɹɪdˈʌndənsi/
B2
อังกฤษ
~ 8900
ความหมาย
0 ความหมาย
คำนาม
formal
C1
state
1
unnecessary extra amount or repetition
A situation where there is too much of something, so some parts are not needed.
รูปแบบการใช้:
redundancy in [something]
ข้อผิดพลาดที่พบบ่อย:
Learners sometimes think 'redundancy' only refers to losing a job. In fact, this general meaning is wider and can refer to extra words in writing, repeated steps in a process, or any unnecessary surplus. Also, learners may say *'there is many redundancies in the text'*; use the uncountable form for this sense: *'there is a lot of redundancy in the text.'*
คำพ้องความหมาย
excess (Broad term for more than needed; does not always imply repetition.)
|
duplication (Emphasizes repeated or copied elements more than general surplus.)
|
superfluity (More formal and literary; often suggests something clearly not needed.)
คำตรงข้าม
necessity (Focuses on what is needed, the opposite of something unnecessary.)
|
efficiency (Suggests no wasted or unnecessary parts in a system or process.)
คำที่ใช้ร่วมกัน
avoid redundancy
|eliminate redundancy
|reduce redundancy
|remove redundancy
|redundancy in the system
|redundancy in the report
หัวข้อ
work
|technology
|academia
|core_vocabulary
ตัวอย่าง
- The manager asked us to edit the manual to remove any redundancy in the instructions.
- There is a lot of redundancy in the current process, with several teams doing the same checks.
- Good technical writing avoids redundancy and states each point only once.
- The new database design cuts out redundancy and stores each piece of information in a single place.
- Organizational redundancy can slow decision-making and increase costs.
ตัวอย่างสำหรับผู้เรียน
- The teacher told us to delete redundancy from our essays.
- There is redundancy in this plan because two people do the same job.
- We need to reduce redundancy in the system to save money.
- This paragraph has a lot of redundancy and repeats the same idea.
- They changed the workflow to remove redundancy between the two departments.
คำนาม
B2
event
2
job loss because role is unnecessary
When a person loses their job because the company says the job is no longer needed, not because of bad work.
รูปแบบการใช้:
face redundancy; be under threat of redundancy
ข้อผิดพลาดที่พบบ่อย:
Learners sometimes confuse 'redundancy' with 'firing'. Redundancy is usually not the worker’s fault; it happens because the job itself is no longer needed. Also, in UK and other varieties, 'redundancy' is a standard term, while in US English 'layoff' is more common.
คำพ้องความหมาย
layoff (Common in US English; broader term for job loss, not limited to roles that are no longer needed.)
|
dismissal (More general term for being removed from a job; can include poor performance or misconduct, not only redundancy.)
คำตรงข้าม
employment (General state of having a job, the opposite of losing one through redundancy.)
|
retention (Focuses on being kept in a job instead of being let go.)
คำที่ใช้ร่วมกัน
face redundancy
|take redundancy
|voluntary redundancy
|threat of redundancy
|redundancy package
|redundancy pay
หัวข้อ
work
|business
ตัวอย่าง
- After the merger, hundreds of staff were put at risk of redundancy.
- She decided to take voluntary redundancy and use the payout to retrain.
- The company announced 200 redundancies as part of its cost-cutting plan.
- Many workers fear redundancy as the factory prepares to move production overseas.
- New technology led to widespread redundancy in the printing department.
ตัวอย่างสำหรับผู้เรียน
- He lost his job through redundancy, not because he did bad work.
- The company offered voluntary redundancy to older workers.
- Many people in the town are worried about redundancy.
- She got a large redundancy payment when the office closed.
- After redundancy, he started his own small business.
คำนาม
technical
C1
entity
3
backup systems for reliability
Extra parts or systems that are added on purpose so that something still works if one part stops working.
รูปแบบการใช้:
redundancy in [a system/device/network]
ข้อผิดพลาดที่พบบ่อย:
Learners may think redundancy always means something bad or wasteful. In engineering and IT, redundancy is usually planned and positive because it improves safety or reliability.
คำพ้องความหมาย
backup (Everyday term; less precise about technical design but similar idea of an extra system ready to take over.)
|
failover (Specialized computing term for the process of switching to a backup system when the main one fails.)
คำตรงข้าม
single point of failure (Technical phrase for a system with no redundancy, where one failure can stop everything.)
|
minimal configuration (Emphasizes using only the essential components, with no extras for backup.)
คำที่ใช้ร่วมกัน
built-in redundancy
|system redundancy
|network redundancy
|triple redundancy
|provide redundancy
|add redundancy
หัวข้อ
technology
|science
|engineering
ตัวอย่าง
- The aircraft’s control system has multiple layers of redundancy to ensure passenger safety.
- Network redundancy is essential if you want to guarantee high availability of online services.
- The design includes power supply redundancy so the server can keep running if one unit fails.
- Engineers built redundancy into the sensor array to prevent a single fault from shutting down the plant.
- Adding storage redundancy protects your data if one of the drives is corrupted.
ตัวอย่างสำหรับผู้เรียน
- The plane has redundancy in its engines for safety.
- We need more redundancy in the network to stop it going down.
- This server has power redundancy, so it keeps working if one power line fails.
- Engineers added redundancy so the system can still run after a small failure.
- Data redundancy helps protect important files.
คำนาม
technical
C2
entity
4
extra information aiding error correction
In language or codes, extra information that is not needed to understand the message but helps people or machines guess missing parts or find mistakes.
รูปแบบการใช้:
redundancy in [language/the signal/the code]
ข้อผิดพลาดที่พบบ่อย:
Learners may confuse this technical sense with general 'unnecessary repetition'. Here, the extra information can be useful and is often designed on purpose, especially in codes and signals.
คำพ้องความหมาย
predictability (Focuses on how easy it is to guess missing information rather than on the extra information itself.)
คำตรงข้าม
information density (Emphasizes a high amount of new information with little or no extra or repeated content.)
คำที่ใช้ร่วมกัน
redundancy in language
|high redundancy
|linguistic redundancy
|redundancy in the signal
|built-in redundancy codes
หัวข้อ
science
|language
|communication
ตัวอย่าง
- Natural languages have high redundancy, which allows readers to understand sentences even with spelling errors.
- Redundancy in the signal enabled the receiver to reconstruct data that had been partially lost.
- In information theory, redundancy is measured as the difference between the maximum possible information and the actual information transmitted.
- The code uses redundancy to detect and correct single-bit errors.
- Context provides redundancy that helps listeners fill in words they did not clearly hear.
ตัวอย่างสำหรับผู้เรียน
- Because of redundancy in English, we can still read words with some letters missing.
- The radio message had enough redundancy to fix small errors.
- This code adds redundancy so a computer can find mistakes.
- Linguists say redundancy helps people understand speech in noise.
- In this system, redundancy in the data lets us check if it is correct.
ไวยากรณ์
รูปคำในพจนานุกรม
redundancy
IPA
GB/ɹɪdˈʌndənsi/
US/ɹɪdˈʌndənsi/
พยางค์และการเน้นเสียง
re - dund - ancy (3 พยางค์)
Stress on 2nd syllable (dund)
รูปคำ
Noun
- Base: redundancy
- Plural: redundancies, redundancy
กลุ่มคำที่เกี่ยวข้อง
Forms
redundancies
noun
Core family
redundant
adjective B2
Advanced or less common
redundantly
adverb C1
วลีและสำนวน
built-in redundancy
1/bˈɪlt ˈɪn ɹɪdˈʌndənsi/
fixed phrase
technical
planned backup built into a system
Extra parts or systems that engineers put into a design on purpose, so the system can keep working if one part fails.
ตัวอย่าง
- The spacecraft has built-in redundancy to cope with equipment failures during the mission.
- Any critical infrastructure should include built-in redundancy for safety.
make [someone] redundant
1/mˈeɪk sˈʌmwˌʌn ɹɪdˈʌndənt/
fixed phrase
dismiss someone because their role ends
To tell a worker they must leave the job because the company says that job is not needed anymore.
ตัวอย่าง
- The company made over fifty workers redundant after losing the contract.
- She was made redundant when the department moved to another city.
redundancy pay
1/ɹɪdˈʌndənsi pˈeɪ/
fixed phrase
money paid after redundancy
Money a worker gets from the company when they lose their job because it is not needed anymore.
ตัวอย่าง
- He used his redundancy pay to pay off part of the mortgage.
- Workers with more than two years of service are entitled to statutory redundancy pay.
take redundancy
1/tˈeɪk ɹɪdˈʌndənsi/
fixed phrase
accept an offer of redundancy
To agree to leave your job and get money from the company when they offer redundancy.
ตัวอย่าง
- He decided to take redundancy and start his own business.
- Many older staff chose to take redundancy rather than move to the new office.
voluntary redundancy
1/vˈɑləntɛɹi ɹɪdˈʌndənsi/
fixed phrase
Agreed job departure with payout
When a worker agrees to leave their job because their employer offers money or benefits for them to go.
ตัวอย่าง
- The company offered voluntary redundancy packages to reduce staff numbers.
- The firm offered voluntary redundancy to reduce staff numbers without making compulsory cuts.
- She took voluntary redundancy after 15 years with the firm.
- She applied for voluntary redundancy when the scheme was announced.