Vocafy - مؤثر زبان سیکھنا Vocafy - مؤثر زبان سیکھنا
انگریزی - ہنگری

doctrine

gb/dˈɑktɹɪn/ us/dˈɑktɹɪn/
C1 انگریزی
~ 8700
tan, doktrína, jogelv, jogi doktrína, elv
اسم C1 FORMAL
1
tan B2
doktrína C1
استعمال کا انداز:
the doctrine of [something]
According to church doctrine, marriage is a sacred union.
Az egyházi tanítás szerint a házasság szent kötelék.
The party’s doctrine leaves little room for independent thought.
A párt doktrínája kevés teret hagy az önálló gondolkodásnak.
Many young members began to question the strict doctrine they had grown up with.
The new leader tried to modernize the doctrine without breaking with tradition.
Environmental protection has become a central doctrine of the organization.
سیکھنے والوں کے لیے مثالیں
The church teaches a strict doctrine about family life.
Az egyház szigorú tanítást hirdet a családi életről.
Students must learn the basic doctrine of this religion.
A diákoknak meg kell tanulniuk ennek a vallásnak az alaptanait.
He left the group because he did not accept its doctrine.
Their political doctrine focuses on free markets and small government.
عام غلطی:
Learners sometimes think 'doctrine' can mean any personal opinion, but it usually refers to official or widely taught beliefs of a group. It is also often confused with 'dogma': 'dogma' suggests beliefs that cannot be questioned, while 'doctrine' is more neutral. Spelling errors like *doctorine* are also common.
معنی
official set of beliefs or principles
لفظی تراکیب
religious doctrine |church doctrine |political doctrine |party doctrine |official doctrine |question a doctrine
ہم معنی الفاظ
teaching (Stresses what is taught, and can be less formal or less official than 'doctrine'.) | dogma (Suggests fixed beliefs that are not open to question, often with a negative tone.) | ideology (Refers to a broader system of ideas, usually political or social, not always formally taught like doctrine.)
متضاد الفاظ
heresy (Beliefs that go against established religious doctrine.) | dissent (Disagreement with an accepted doctrine or official beliefs.)
موضوعات
religion |politics |society |education
تعریف

A set of important ideas or rules that a church, political group, or other organization teaches as true.

An established and authoritative set of beliefs or principles, especially those taught and upheld by a religious, political, or ideological group.

اسم C2 TECHNICAL
2
jogelv C1
jogi doktrína C2
استعمال کا انداز:
[a court] applies the doctrine of [something]
Under the doctrine of precedent, lower courts must follow decisions of higher courts.
A precedens elve alapján az alsóbb fokú bíróságoknak követniük kell a magasabb fokú bíróságok döntéseit.
The court refused to extend the existing doctrine to cover digital communications.
A bíróság nem volt hajlandó a meglévő jogelvet a digitális kommunikációra is kiterjeszteni.
This area of law is heavily shaped by constitutional doctrines developed over the last century.
The judge cited the doctrine of sovereign immunity as the reason to dismiss the claim.
Scholars argue that the doctrine no longer fits modern commercial practice.
سیکھنے والوں کے لیے مثالیں
The doctrine of precedent is very important in common law countries.
A precedens elve nagyon fontos az angolszász jogrendszerű országokban.
In this case, the court applied a new legal doctrine.
Ebben az ügyben a bíróság egy új jogelvet alkalmazott.
Students of law must learn many different doctrines.
The judge followed an old doctrine from earlier cases.
عام غلطی:
Learners may confuse 'doctrine' with a single law or article. A doctrine is usually a broader legal idea that guides how many laws are interpreted, not just one rule. It is almost always used with 'of': 'the doctrine of precedent', not 'the precedent doctrine' in legal style.
معنی
established legal principle
لفظی تراکیب
legal doctrine |the doctrine of precedent |constitutional doctrine |contract law doctrine |apply the doctrine |develop a doctrine
ہم معنی الفاظ
legal principle (More general and neutral; does not carry the sense of being a named, recognized doctrine.) | case law principle (Emphasizes that the doctrine comes from previous court decisions.)
متضاد الفاظ
legal exception (A rule that allows a court not to follow a general doctrine in specific circumstances.)
موضوعات
law |politics
تعریف

A rule or idea in law that judges use again and again to help them decide cases.

A general legal principle or framework, developed through statutes and case law, that courts follow when deciding cases.

C1 TECHNICAL
3
doktrína C1
elv B2
استعمال کا انداز:
the [name] Doctrine
The government announced a new defense doctrine focused on cyber security.
A kormány új, a kiberbiztonságra összpontosító védelmi doktrínát jelentett be.
Since the 19th century, the Monroe Doctrine has shaped U.S. policy in the Western Hemisphere.
A 19. század óta a Monroe-elv alakítja az Egyesült Államok politikáját a nyugati féltekén.
Many analysts saw the speech as the birth of a new foreign policy doctrine.
The country’s nuclear doctrine allows the use of such weapons only in retaliation.
Critics argue that this doctrine leads to unnecessary military interventions.
سیکھنے والوں کے لیے مثالیں
The Monroe Doctrine is an old U.S. foreign policy idea.
A Monroe-elv az Egyesült Államok egyik régi külpolitikai elve.
Their new military doctrine focuses on fast, small units.
Új katonai doktrínájuk a gyors, kis egységekre összpontosít.
Some leaders want to change the country’s foreign policy doctrine.
This doctrine says the country will act first if it feels a threat.
عام غلطی:
Learners may not realize that in politics, 'Doctrine' with a capital D often refers to a specific, named policy (for example, the 'Monroe Doctrine'). They may also confuse it with any short-term decision, but a doctrine is usually long-term and fundamental.
معنی
official government policy principle
لفظی تراکیب
foreign policy doctrine |military doctrine |defense doctrine |nuclear doctrine |security doctrine |the [leader’s name] doctrine
ہم معنی الفاظ
policy (More general; does not suggest the formal, often named and guiding nature of a 'doctrine'.) | strategic doctrine (Emphasizes a military or long-term strategic focus of the principle.)
متضاد الفاظ
policy reversal (A decision to act in a way that goes against the established doctrine.)
موضوعات
politics |history |military |law
تعریف

A clear, often named rule about how a government will act in the world, especially in war or foreign relations.

An official and often named principle that states how a government will act, especially in foreign policy or military strategy.

گرامر
لغت میں درج شکل
doctrine
IPA
GB/dˈɑktɹɪn/
US/dˈɑktɹɪn/
ہجا بندی اور زور
doc - trine (2 ہجے)
Stress on 1st syllable (doc)
لفظ کی شکلیں
Noun
  • Base: doctrine
  • Plural: doctrine, doctrines
متعلقہ الفاظ
Forms
doctrines noun
Core family
doctrinal adjective C1
Related words
indoctrinate verb indoctrination noun
Advanced or less common
doctrinally adverb doctrinaire adjective indoctrinator noun
عبارات

Bush Doctrine

1
/bˈʊʃ dˈɑktɹɪn/
fixed phrase technical

U.S. preemptive war policy

A U.S. foreign policy idea linked to President George W. Bush that said the U.S. could attack first if it believed a country was a serious future threat.

مثالیں
  • The invasion was widely described as an example of the Bush Doctrine.
  • Critics argued that the Bush Doctrine increased global instability.

Carter Doctrine

1
/kˈɑɹtɚ dˈɑktɹɪn/
fixed phrase technical

U.S. Persian Gulf policy

A U.S. policy from President Jimmy Carter that said the U.S. would use force if needed to protect its interests in the Persian Gulf region.

مثالیں
  • The Carter Doctrine underlined the strategic importance of the Persian Gulf for the United States.
  • Oil security played a central role in the Carter Doctrine.

doctrine of discovery

1
/dˈɑktɹɪn əv dɪskˈʌvɚi/
fixed phrase technical

principle justifying colonial land claims

A historical legal idea that European powers used to justify taking land from Indigenous peoples when they "discovered" new territories.

مثالیں
  • Many Indigenous activists call for the rejection of the doctrine of discovery.
  • Courts have begun to question the continued use of the doctrine of discovery in land cases.

doctrine of double effect

1
/dˈɑktɹɪn əv dˈʌbəl ɪfˈɛkt/
fixed phrase technical

ethics rule on harmful side effects

An idea in ethics that says an action can be right even if it has bad side effects, as long as the bad result is not wanted, only allowed, and the good result is more important.

مثالیں
  • Philosophers often discuss the doctrine of double effect in debates about medical ethics.
  • The doctor defended her decision using the doctrine of double effect.

doctrine of fair use

1
/dˈɑktɹɪn əv fˈɛɹ jˈus/
fixed phrase technical

principle allowing limited copyright use

A rule in copyright law that lets people use small parts of books, music, and other works without permission in special cases like study, news, or comment.

مثالیں
  • The court decided that the video fell under the doctrine of fair use.
  • Teachers often rely on the doctrine of fair use when sharing short texts in class.

doctrine of precedent

1
/dˈɑktɹɪn əv pɹˈɛsɪdənt/
fixed phrase technical

legal rule to follow earlier cases

The legal rule that courts should decide new cases in the same way as earlier cases that are similar.

مثالیں
  • The doctrine of precedent is a key feature of common law systems.
  • Law students spend a lot of time studying how the doctrine of precedent works in practice.

doctrine of separation of powers

1
/dˈɑktɹɪn əv sˌɛpɚˈeɪʃən əv pˈaʊɚz/
fixed phrase technical

principle dividing government powers

The idea in many constitutions that government power should be split into different parts, like the executive, legislature, and courts, so that no one part has too much power.

مثالیں
  • The doctrine of separation of powers is central to many democratic systems.
  • Judges used the doctrine of separation of powers to limit the president’s actions.

Monroe Doctrine

1
/mənɹˈoʊ dˈɑktɹɪn/
fixed phrase technical

U.S. policy on Western Hemisphere

A famous U.S. foreign policy idea from 1823 that said European countries should not build new colonies or interfere in North and South America.

مثالیں
  • The Monroe Doctrine helped shape U.S. relations with Latin America for many years.
  • Historians still debate how the Monroe Doctrine influenced later U.S. interventions.

shock doctrine

1
/ʃˈɑk dˈɑktɹɪn/
fixed phrase technical

using crises to push policies

A critical term for the idea that leaders use wars, disasters, or economic crises as a chance to force through economic changes that people might not accept in normal times.

مثالیں
  • Some critics described the rapid privatization program as an example of the shock doctrine.
  • The book argues that the shock doctrine has been used in many countries since the 1970s.

Truman Doctrine

1
/tɹˈumən dˈɑktɹɪn/
fixed phrase technical

U.S. aid policy against communism

A U.S. policy announced in 1947 that promised money and help to countries that were fighting against communism.

مثالیں
  • The Truman Doctrine marked the start of the U.S. policy of containment during the Cold War.
  • Under the Truman Doctrine, the United States sent aid to Greece and Turkey.
فہرست پر واپس جائیں
ہم تھرڈ پارٹی اشتہاری کوکیز یا کراس سائٹ ٹریکنگ پکسلز استعمال نہیں کرتے۔
ہم اپنی ایپ کو روانی سے چلانے، کارکردگی کا تجزیہ کرنے، اور آپ کے تجربے کو بہتر بنانے کے لیے کوکیز اور اسی طرح کی ٹیکنالوجیز استعمال کرتے ہیں۔
آپ کسی بھی وقت اپنی ترجیحات منظم کر سکتے ہیں۔

واپسی پر خوش آمدید!

جاری رکھنے کے لیے سائن اِن کریں

پاس ورڈ بھول گئے؟
کیا آپ کا اکاؤنٹ نہیں ہے؟ سائن اپ کریں