circulate

gb/sˈɚkjəlˌeɪt/ us/sˈɚkjəlˌeɪt/

B2 انگریزی

~ 5200

معانی

0 معانی

فعل B2 event

for information to spread

to move between many people, so that news, stories, or rumors become known by many

استعمال کا انداز: for [information] to circulate among [people]

عام غلطی:

Learners sometimes use "circulate" only as a transitive verb (e.g., *"He circulated the rumor"*) when in most everyday contexts it is more natural to say "The rumor circulated" or "The rumor spread." Also, some learners confuse "circulate" with "publish"; "circulate" focuses on movement between people, not on the initial act of making something public.

ہم معنی الفاظ

spread (the most general word for information moving from one person or place to many others) | go around (more informal; often used for rumors and stories)

متضاد الفاظ

stay secret (emphasizes that information does not move beyond a small group) | be contained (suggests efforts to stop information from reaching more people)

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موضوعات

communication |media |daily life |core_vocabulary

مثالیں

Rumors began to circulate that the company was about to be sold.
The video circulated on social media within hours of being posted.
A false story circulating online caused a lot of confusion.
An internal memo is circulating among employees about the new policy.
Conspiracy theories continued to circulate despite official statements.

سیکھنے والوں کے لیے مثالیں

A strange story is circulating in our office.
The news of their breakup quickly circulated among their friends.
A list of exam topics is circulating on the student forum.
Many fake messages circulate on the internet.
The photo circulated in group chats all weekend.

فعل B2 action

for liquid or air to move

to move again and again around in a system, like blood in the body or air in a room

استعمال کا انداز: for [liquid/air/blood] to circulate through [something]

عام غلطی:

Learners sometimes say *"the blood is moving in circle"* instead of "the blood circulates" or "the blood is circulating." They may also confuse "circulate" with "rotate"; "rotate" is about turning around an axis, while "circulate" is about moving around within a system or space.

ہم معنی الفاظ

flow (focuses on the movement itself, not necessarily in a loop or system) | move around (very general description of movement without the technical sense of a system)

متضاد الفاظ

stagnate (describes a liquid or air that is not moving and often becoming dirty or unhealthy) | pool (liquid gathering in one place instead of moving around)

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موضوعات

science |health |environment

مثالیں

Blood circulates through the body, delivering oxygen to the tissues.
Open a window to let the air circulate in here.
The warm water circulates through the pipes and heats the house.
Coolant circulates around the engine to prevent it from overheating.
Ceiling fans help circulate air throughout the warehouse.

سیکھنے والوں کے لیے مثالیں

Blood circulates in our bodies all the time.
Fresh air must circulate in the classroom.
The pump helps water circulate in the pool.
Hot air circulates around the room from the heater.
The medicine circulates through the blood.

فعل B2 action

send a document to many people

to give or send the same paper or message to many people in a group, often so they can read or sign it

استعمال کا انداز: to circulate [document] to [people]

عام غلطی:

Learners sometimes say *"share to everyone"* instead of natural phrases like "circulate it to everyone" or "send it to everyone." They may also confuse "circulate" with "forward" for emails; "forward" is usually one-to-one or one-to-few, while "circulate" suggests sending broadly around a group.

ہم معنی الفاظ

distribute (more general; does not always imply that the same copy moves from person to person) | pass around (more informal; often used when people physically hand something to the next person)

متضاد الفاظ

withhold (to keep a document or information and not give it to people) | collect (taking documents back from people, the opposite direction of movement)

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موضوعات

business |education |government |communication |work

مثالیں

Please circulate the agenda to all team members before the meeting.
They are circulating a petition to protest the new law.
The minutes will be circulated by email later today.
The draft report was circulated among senior managers for feedback.
Could you circulate this survey to your students?

سیکھنے والوں کے لیے مثالیں

The teacher circulated a sign-up sheet in class.
We will circulate the report tomorrow morning.
He circulated a petition to save the park.
Please circulate this notice to your staff.
The manager circulated the meeting notes to everyone.

فعل C1 action

move between people at an event

to walk around at a party or meeting and talk to different people or groups

استعمال کا انداز: to circulate among [people]

عام غلطی:

Learners sometimes say *"move around people"* when they mean "move between people." In this social sense, "circulate among the guests" is more natural than *"circulate around the guests"*, which can sound like walking in a circle around them.

ہم معنی الفاظ

mingle (common in social contexts; focuses more on mixing and chatting than on purposeful movement) | work the room (informal; suggests active, sometimes strategic networking with many people)

متضاد الفاظ

stay put (to remain in one place instead of moving between people) | keep to oneself (to avoid social interaction, the opposite of moving around and talking to many people)

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موضوعات

social |business |daily life |relationships

مثالیں

As the host, she spent the evening circulating among the guests.
He circulated around the conference hall, introducing himself to potential clients.
Waiters circulated through the crowd with trays of drinks.
Security staff quietly circulated among the audience during the event.
At networking events, it's important to circulate instead of talking to just one person.

سیکھنے والوں کے لیے مثالیں

The manager circulated around the room and spoke to every employee.
At the party, she circulated and met many new people.
Waiters circulated among the tables with food.
He did not circulate; he just sat in one corner.
Our teacher circulated in the class to help students.

فعل C1 state

for money to be used and exchanged

to move from person to person as people use or trade it, especially about money or coins

استعمال کا انداز: for [money] to circulate in [place/system]

عام غلطی:

Learners sometimes say *"the money is circulating hands"* instead of the natural phrase "money is changing hands" or "money circulates." They may also use "circulate" where "transfer" is better for electronic money moving between accounts.

ہم معنی الفاظ

change hands (focuses on ownership changing, especially with money or property) | be in use (more general; does not highlight the movement between users)

متضاد الفاظ

be withdrawn (used for money or coins that are removed from use) | be hoarded (kept and not allowed to move or be used by others)

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موضوعات

economy |business |government |finance

مثالیں

The old banknotes will no longer circulate after the end of the year.
Only a small amount of cash circulates in the local economy.
The new coins are now circulating alongside the old ones.
Foreign currencies rarely circulate in rural areas.
Cryptocurrencies are beginning to circulate more widely in some countries.

سیکھنے والوں کے لیے مثالیں

These coins do not circulate anymore.
Less cash circulates now because many people pay by card.
The new $20 bills started to circulate last month.
Many dollars circulate in the city during tourist season.
Old notes still circulate, but shops will stop taking them soon.

فعل C1 action

distribute copies of a publication

to send or deliver many copies of a newspaper, magazine, or other publication so that many people can get it

استعمال کا انداز: to circulate [publication] widely

عام غلطی:

Learners may overuse "publish" where "circulate" is better, especially when the focus is on spreading existing material rather than creating or releasing it for the first time.

ہم معنی الفاظ

distribute (very close in this context; more common in business language) | issue (often used for official publications or updates; focuses on releasing rather than the ongoing spread)

متضاد الفاظ

recall (to remove distributed copies from the public, often because of an error or problem) | limit distribution (to restrict how widely something is circulated)

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موضوعات

media |business |education |communication

مثالیں

The newspaper is circulated throughout the country.
The report was never officially circulated to the general public.
Several underground pamphlets were secretly circulated during the war.
The magazine is circulated mainly in academic circles.
Their newsletter now circulates in both print and digital formats.

سیکھنے والوں کے لیے مثالیں

This small paper is only circulated in our town.
The group circulated a booklet about health.
Their student magazine is circulated once a month.
The report was not circulated to the public.
Flyers were circulated in the neighborhood.

گرامر

لغت میں درج شکل

circulate

IPA

GB/sˈɚkjəlˌeɪt/

US/sˈɚkjəlˌeɪt/

ہجا بندی اور زور

cir - cu - late (3 ہجے)

Stress on 1st syllable (cir)

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Verb

Base: circulate
3rd Person Singular: circulates
Present Participle: circulating
Past: circulated

متعلقہ الفاظ

Forms

circulates verb circulating verb circulated verb

Core family

circulation noun B1 circular adjective A2

Related words

recirculate verb

Advanced or less common

circulatory adjective

عبارات

circulate a petition

/sˈɚkjəlˌeɪt ə pətˈɪʃən/

fixed phrase

pass a petition for signatures

to pass a paper or online form to many people so they can sign it to show support or protest

مثالیں

They decided to circulate a petition against the new parking rules.
Students are circulating a petition to keep the library open later.

circulate among the guests

/sˈɚkjəlˌeɪt əmˈʌŋ ðə ɡˈɛsts/

fixed phrase

move between guests and interact

to walk around at a party or event and talk to different guests or check on them

مثالیں

The host circulated among the guests to make sure everyone felt welcome.
Waiters circulated among the guests with trays of dessert.

circulate the minutes

/sˈɚkjəlˌeɪt ðə mˈɪnɪts/

fixed phrase

send meeting notes around a group

to send the written record of a meeting to all the people who need to read it

مثالیں

I'll circulate the minutes later this afternoon.
The secretary circulated the minutes to all board members.

circulate widely

/sˈɚkjəlˌeɪt wˈaɪdli/

fixed phrase

spread to many people or places

to move or spread so that many people or places receive or see it

مثالیں

The fake news story circulated widely before it was corrected.
The report circulated widely among policy makers.

rumors circulate

/ɹˈumɚz sˈɚkjəlˌeɪt/

fixed phrase

when rumors spread among people

people start telling the same unproven story to each other, so many people hear it

مثالیں

Rumors circulate every time there is a big change at the company.
In a small town, rumors circulate very quickly.

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سیکھنا

ٹولز

دریافت کریں

کمپنی & سپورٹ

circulate

for information to spread

for liquid or air to move

send a document to many people

move between people at an event

for money to be used and exchanged

distribute copies of a publication

circulate a petition

circulate among the guests

circulate the minutes

circulate widely

rumors circulate

سیکھنا

ٹولز

وسائل

کمپنی

واپسی پر خوش آمدید!