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انگریزی

discrimination

gb/dɪskɹˌɪmənˈeɪʃən/ us/dɪskɹˌɪmənˈeɪʃən/
B2 انگریزی
~ 5100
معانی
0 معانی
اسم B2 action
1

unfair treatment by identity

Unfair treatment of a person or group because of who they are (for example, their race, sex, or age).

استعمال کا انداز: discrimination against [group]
عام غلطی:
Learners often confuse 'discrimination' (action) with 'prejudice' (attitude). Also, use the preposition 'against': say 'discrimination against women,' not 'discrimination to women.' As a general idea it is usually uncountable; avoid 'a discrimination' when you mean the general practice.
ہم معنی الفاظ
unequal treatment (Plain description of the act; neutral tone.) | bias (Tendency that results in unfair treatment; broader and can be subtle.) | prejudice (Often the attitude behind discrimination; can also mean action in context.)
متضاد الفاظ
equal treatment (Direct opposite: treating people the same regardless of identity.) | fairness (General principle of just and impartial treatment.) | equality (State or principle of being equal in status, rights, or opportunities.)
لفظی تراکیب
racial discrimination |gender discrimination |age discrimination |illegal discrimination |combat discrimination |face discrimination
موضوعات
society |law |workplace |relationships
مثالیں
  • The report found widespread discrimination against older applicants in hiring.
  • She filed a complaint alleging gender discrimination at her workplace.
  • Laws exist to protect tenants from housing discrimination based on family status.
  • They launched a campaign to end racial discrimination in schools.
سیکھنے والوں کے لیے مثالیں
  • He spoke out against discrimination against immigrants.
  • Age discrimination is illegal in many countries.
  • The new policy aims to reduce discrimination in hiring.
  • She sued the company for sex discrimination.
اسم formal C1 property
2

ability to tell differences

The skill to see or judge small differences between things.

استعمال کا انداز: discrimination between [A] and [B]
عام غلطی:
Many learners think 'discrimination' is always negative. In formal contexts, it can mean a positive skill of careful judgment. Use 'between' to compare two things: 'discrimination between quality and hype.'
ہم معنی الفاظ
discernment (Judicious recognition; often positive and approving.) | acuity (Sharpness of perception; more sensory or mental sharpness.) | taste (Judgment in art or style; narrower, evaluative focus.)
متضاد الفاظ
insensitivity (Lack of ability to notice differences or subtleties.) | indiscrimination (Lack of selection or distinction; rare in modern use.)
لفظی تراکیب
keen discrimination |fine discrimination |visual discrimination |taste discrimination |exercise discrimination |with discrimination
موضوعات
cognition |senses |art |education |core_vocabulary
مثالیں
  • A good editor shows discrimination between essential details and clutter.
  • The test measures color discrimination in low light.
  • Her discrimination in choosing suppliers saved the company money.
سیکھنے والوں کے لیے مثالیں
  • Wine experts need discrimination to judge flavor.
  • The machine has fine discrimination between similar sounds.
  • He read with discrimination and checked the sources.
اسم technical C1 action
3

differential pricing practice

In economics, charging different people different prices for the same or similar product or service.

استعمال کا انداز: price discrimination between [customers]
عام غلطی:
Do not confuse this economic meaning with unfair treatment of people. Here it is about pricing strategy and may be legal or illegal depending on the context.
ہم معنی الفاظ
differential pricing (Plain description; used in business contexts.) | dynamic pricing (Related but not identical; prices vary over time, not necessarily by customer.)
متضاد الفاظ
uniform pricing (Same price for all customers.) | single pricing (One price regardless of buyer or segment.)
لفظی تراکیب
price discrimination |engage in price discrimination |ban on price discrimination |first-degree price discrimination |third-degree price discrimination
موضوعات
economics |business |law |finance
مثالیں
  • Airlines rely on price discrimination to maximize revenue from the same flight.
  • The regulator investigated whether the platform’s fees amounted to unlawful price discrimination.
  • Student discounts are a simple form of price discrimination across customer groups.
سیکھنے والوں کے لیے مثالیں
  • Movie theaters use price discrimination with child tickets.
  • The company engaged in price discrimination between regions.
  • Some countries ban certain kinds of price discrimination.
گرامر
لغت میں درج شکل
discrimination
IPA
GB/dɪskɹˌɪmənˈeɪʃən/
US/dɪskɹˌɪmənˈeɪʃən/
ہجا بندی اور زور
dis - crim - in - a - tion (5 ہجے)
Stress on 4th syllable (a)
لفظ کی شکلیں
Noun
  • Base: discrimination
  • Plural: discrimination, discriminations
متعلقہ الفاظ
Forms
discriminations noun
Core family
discriminate verb B2 discriminatory adjective B2
Related words
discriminating adjective
Negative and opposite forms
indiscriminate adjective indiscriminately adverb nondiscrimination noun
عبارات

age discrimination

1
/ˈeɪd͡ʒ dɪskɹˌɪmənˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase

unfair treatment by age

Unfair treatment of someone because they are young or old.

مثالیں
  • Age discrimination makes it hard for older workers to find jobs.
  • The firm settled an age discrimination claim for a large sum.

anti-discrimination law

1
/ˈæntaɪ dɪskɹˌɪmənˈeɪʃən lˈɔ/
fixed phrase formal

law against discrimination

A law that protects people from unfair treatment.

مثالیں
  • The country strengthened its anti-discrimination law.
  • Under anti-discrimination law, employers must provide reasonable accommodations.

ban on discrimination

1
/bˈæn ˈɔn dɪskɹˌɪmənˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase formal

official prohibition of discrimination

A law or rule that does not allow discrimination.

مثالیں
  • The constitution includes a broad ban on discrimination.
  • Activists called for a ban on discrimination in housing.

disability discrimination

1
/dˌɪsəbˈɪlɪti dɪskɹˌɪmənˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase formal

unfair treatment by disability

Unfair treatment of people because they have a disability.

مثالیں
  • The law bans disability discrimination in public services.
  • They redesigned the building to avoid disability discrimination.

discrimination against

1
/dɪskɹˌɪmənˈeɪʃən əɡˈɛnst/
fixed phrase

unfair treatment of a group

Unfair treatment aimed at a certain group of people.

مثالیں
  • The law prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities.
  • They are investigating discrimination against migrant workers.

discrimination on the grounds of

1
/dɪskɹˌɪmənˈeɪʃən ˈɔn ðə ɡɹˈaʊndz əv/
fixed phrase formal

discrimination based on a trait

A formal way to say discrimination because of a certain reason (for example, age or race).

مثالیں
  • The act prohibits discrimination on the grounds of age.
  • They documented discrimination on the grounds of religion.

employment discrimination

1
/ɪmplˈɔɪmənt dɪskɹˌɪmənˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase formal

unfair treatment at work

Unfair treatment in jobs, pay, or promotions.

مثالیں
  • The agency investigates employment discrimination complaints.
  • Training is required to prevent employment discrimination.

gender discrimination

1
/d͡ʒˈɛndɚ dɪskɹˌɪmənˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase

unfair treatment by gender

Unfair treatment of people because they are male, female, or another gender.

مثالیں
  • She filed a lawsuit for gender discrimination after being passed over for promotion.
  • The policy aims to eliminate gender discrimination in pay.

housing discrimination

1
/hˈaʊzɪŋ dɪskɹˌɪmənˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase formal

unfair treatment in housing

Unfair treatment when people try to rent or buy a home.

مثالیں
  • The city launched a probe into housing discrimination by landlords.
  • They offer free legal help to victims of housing discrimination.

illegal discrimination

1
/ɪlˈiɡəl dɪskɹˌɪmənˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase formal

unlawful unfair treatment

Discrimination that is not allowed by law.

مثالیں
  • The court ruled that the company engaged in illegal discrimination.
  • Postings that exclude certain ages may be illegal discrimination.

non-discrimination policy

1
/nˈɑn dɪskɹˌɪmənˈeɪʃən pˈɑlɪsi/
fixed phrase formal

policy forbidding discrimination

A rule that says the organization will not allow discrimination.

مثالیں
  • All employees must read the non-discrimination policy.
  • The university updated its non-discrimination policy to include veterans.

positive discrimination

1
/pˈɑzɪtɪv dɪskɹˌɪmənˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase formal

preferential treatment for equity

A British term for giving preference to disadvantaged groups to improve fairness.

مثالیں
  • Some countries permit positive discrimination in public hiring.
  • The measure stops short of positive discrimination but sets targets.

price discrimination

1
/pɹˈaɪs dɪskɹˌɪmənˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase technical

charging different prices

When a seller charges different people different prices for the same product or service.

مثالیں
  • Student discounts are a basic form of price discrimination.
  • Authorities examined whether the platform’s price discrimination was anti-competitive.

religious discrimination

1
/ɹɪlˈɪd͡ʒəs dɪskɹˌɪmənˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase

unfair treatment by religion

Unfair treatment of people because of their religion or beliefs.

مثالیں
  • They condemned religious discrimination in the region.
  • Religious discrimination complaints rose last year.

reverse discrimination

1
/ɹɪvˈɚs dɪskɹˌɪmənˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase

unfair treatment of majority group

A claim that a policy unfairly hurts a group that is usually advantaged.

مثالیں
  • The lawsuit alleges reverse discrimination against white applicants.
  • Debate over the policy centered on fears of reverse discrimination.

racial discrimination

1
/ɹˈeɪʃəl dɪskɹˌɪmənˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase

unfair treatment because of race

Treating people unfairly or giving them fewer chances because of their race or ethnic group.

مثالیں
  • The commission documented cases of racial discrimination in hiring.
  • The law prohibits racial discrimination in housing and employment.
  • Racial discrimination remains a serious issue in many countries.
  • They launched a campaign to raise awareness about racial discrimination in schools.
  • She filed a complaint after facing racial discrimination at work.

unlawful discrimination

1
/ʌnlˈɔfəl dɪskɹˌɪmənˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase formal

discrimination forbidden by law

Discrimination against a person or group that is not allowed by law, usually because of things like race, sex, age, disability, or religion.

مثالیں
  • The company was found guilty of unlawful discrimination against older workers.
  • New rules aim to prevent unlawful discrimination in access to housing.

unlawful discrimination

2
/ʌnlˈɔfəl dɪskɹˌɪmənˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase formal

discrimination forbidden by law

Discrimination that the law says is not allowed.

مثالیں
  • Training helps staff avoid unlawful discrimination.
  • They allege unlawful discrimination under state law.
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