flora
gb/flˈɔɹə/ us/flˈɔɹə/
B2
انگریزی
~ 6200
معانی
0 معانی
اسم
B2
entity
1
all plants in an area
All the kinds of plants that live in a certain place or time.
استعمال کا انداز:
the flora of [a place/region]
عام غلطی:
Learners sometimes use *flora* to mean a single plant or a group of flowers, saying things like *"a beautiful flora"* when they mean *"a beautiful flower"* or *"beautiful flowers"*. *Flora* is a collective noun and usually refers to all plant life in an area, not to one plant or bouquet. It is also easy to confuse *flora* (plants) with *fauna* (animals); they are complementary, not synonyms.
ہم معنی الفاظ
plant life (Very close in meaning and commonly used in general English; slightly more informal and descriptive than the scientific-sounding 'flora'.)
|
vegetation (Emphasizes plants as growing cover on the land surface; less focused on species variety than 'flora'.)
متضاد الفاظ
fauna (Refers to animal life of a region, contrasting with 'flora', which refers to plant life.)
لفظی تراکیب
local flora
|native flora
|tropical flora
|rich flora
|marine flora
|flora and fauna
موضوعات
nature
|science
|environment
مثالیں
- The island’s flora includes many species found nowhere else in the world.
- Climate change is already affecting the native flora of the Arctic.
- The guidebook has a section on the local flora of the national park.
- Urban development has put pressure on the region’s natural flora.
- Scientists are documenting the flora of the rainforest before more trees are cut down.
سیکھنے والوں کے لیے مثالیں
- Australia has very different flora from Europe.
- We took photos of the local flora in the mountains.
- The book shows the flora of this country with many pictures.
- Farm chemicals can harm the wild flora near the fields.
unknown
technical
C1
entity
2
microorganisms living in the body
The tiny living things, like bacteria, that usually live in a part of the body or another place.
استعمال کا انداز:
[body part] flora
عام غلطی:
Learners sometimes think *flora* in this sense still means plants. In medical and biological contexts, *flora* often means bacteria and other tiny organisms, not actual plants. Also, some learners say *"floras"* when talking about different body parts; professionals usually use *flora* as an uncountable or use phrases like *"intestinal flora"* and *"oral flora"* instead of a plural noun.
ہم معنی الفاظ
microbiota (More modern technical term in biology and medicine; often preferred in scientific writing over 'flora'.)
|
microbial community (Descriptive scientific phrase; emphasizes the group nature and interactions of the microorganisms.)
متضاد الفاظ
sterility (Refers to the absence of living microorganisms, which contrasts with the presence of normal flora.)
لفظی تراکیب
gut flora
|intestinal flora
|normal flora
|oral flora
|skin flora
|disrupt the flora
موضوعات
science
|medicine
|health
|body
مثالیں
- Antibiotics can disturb the normal gut flora and cause digestive problems.
- Researchers are studying how changes in intestinal flora affect obesity.
- Probiotic foods may help restore healthy flora in the digestive system.
- Good oral hygiene supports a balanced oral flora.
- Hospital disinfectants are designed not to harm the natural skin flora more than necessary.
سیکھنے والوں کے لیے مثالیں
- This medicine can change your gut flora.
- Yogurt can help your intestinal flora stay healthy.
- Doctors worry when the normal flora in the body is lost.
- Soap should clean your hands but not destroy all the skin flora.
اسم
technical
C1
entity
3
book describing plants of region
A special book for scientists that lists and describes all the kinds of plants in a certain place.
استعمال کا انداز:
a flora of [a place/region]
عام غلطی:
Learners may not realize that *flora* can mean a book title and may misread phrases like *"Flora of Spain"* as referring only to the plants, not the reference work itself. Context (publisher, edition, author names) usually shows that a book is meant.
ہم معنی الفاظ
field guide (Broader and more general; may cover plants, animals, or other groups and is often less technical than a full flora.)
|
plant manual (Less fixed term; suggests a practical guide, not necessarily as exhaustive or formal as a scientific flora.)
متضاد الفاظ
fauna (In titles, a corresponding book about animals of a region may be called a 'fauna', contrasting with a plant-focused 'flora'.)
لفظی تراکیب
a flora of Britain
|regional flora
|standard flora
|publish a flora
|field flora
موضوعات
science
|education
مثالیں
- The classic flora of the region is still used by botanists today.
- She carried a compact flora of Alpine plants in her backpack.
- The project aims to produce a modern flora of the Mediterranean islands.
- Students used the national flora to identify the species they collected.
- Many older floras are being updated to reflect recent taxonomic changes.
سیکھنے والوں کے لیے مثالیں
- The scientist wrote a flora of local plants.
- Botany students used a flora of this country in class.
- This old flora is hard to use because the names have changed.
- A good flora helps people know the plants in a region.
گرامر
لغت میں درج شکل
flora
IPA
GB/flˈɔɹə/
US/flˈɔɹə/
ہجا بندی اور زور
flora (1 ہجا)
Stress on 1st syllable (flora)
لفظ کی شکلیں
Noun
- Base: flora
- Plural: flora, florae, floras
متعلقہ الفاظ
عبارات
flora and fauna
1/flˈɔɹə ˈænd fˈɔnə/
fixed phrase
all plants and animals of an area
All the plants and animals that live in a place or during a certain time.
مثالیں
- The region is famous for its rich flora and fauna.
- Climate change is threatening the delicate balance of the island’s flora and fauna.
- The documentary explores the unique flora and fauna of the Amazon rainforest.
gut flora
1/ɡˈʌt flˈɔɹə/
fixed phrase
technical
bacteria in the digestive system
The tiny living things, like bacteria, that normally live in the stomach and intestines.
مثالیں
- A healthy diet can support a diverse gut flora.
- Antibiotics may disturb your gut flora and cause stomach upset.
- Scientists are studying how gut flora influences mood and behavior.
intestinal flora
1/ɪntˈɛstɪnəl flˈɔɹə/
fixed phrase
technical
microorganisms in the intestines
The tiny living things that usually live in the intestines.
مثالیں
- Changes in intestinal flora can lead to digestive diseases.
- Certain drugs can seriously damage the normal intestinal flora.
- Probiotic supplements claim to restore the intestinal flora after treatment.
native flora
1/nˈeɪtɪv flˈɔɹə/
fixed phrase
plants that grow naturally in an area
The kinds of plants that grow in a place naturally, not brought from other places.
مثالیں
- The park was designed using only the native flora of the region.
- Invasive species can threaten the native flora and disturb ecosystems.
- Gardeners are encouraged to plant native flora to support local wildlife.
normal flora
1/nˈɔɹməl flˈɔɹə/
fixed phrase
technical
usual microorganisms on or in the body
The tiny living things that are usually present in or on a healthy body and do not cause disease.
مثالیں
- These bacteria are part of the normal flora of the skin.
- Broad-spectrum antibiotics can destroy the normal flora of the gut.
- The lab report notes that only normal flora were found in the sample.