genotype
gb/d͡ʒˈɛnətˌaɪp/ us/d͡ʒˈɛnətˌaɪp/
C1
Anh
Các nghĩa
0 nghĩa
Danh từ
technical
C1
property
1
genetic makeup
the genes or versions of genes that a living thing has
Mẫu sử dụng:
the genotype of [an organism/cell/individual]; [someone/something]'s genotype; genotype for [a gene/trait]
Lỗi thường gặp:
Do not confuse genotype with phenotype: genotype is genetic makeup; phenotype is observable traits or characteristics.
Từ đồng nghĩa
genetic makeup (Clearer, less technical term for the same idea.)
|
genetic constitution (More formal or scientific wording.)
|
genetic profile (Often refers to the set of genetic markers identified in a test, not necessarily the whole genome.)
Từ trái nghĩa
phenotype (The observable traits or characteristics produced by genes and environment, contrasted with the underlying genetic makeup.)
Cụm từ đi kèm
human genotype
|individual genotype
|plant genotype
|viral genotype
|hemoglobin genotype
|homozygous genotype
|heterozygous genotype
|genotype information
|genotype analysis
|genotype distribution
Chủ đề
biology
|genetics
|medicine
Ví dụ
- A person's genotype can affect how they respond to certain medicines.
- Identical twins usually have the same genotype, although their experiences and health can differ.
- The plant's drought tolerance depended partly on its genotype.
Ví dụ cho người học
- The child's genotype is inherited from both parents.
- Genotype is about genes, not appearance.
Danh từ
technical
C1
entity
2
genetically distinct variant
one genetic type of a virus, plant, animal, or other living thing
Mẫu sử dụng:
[a virus/species/pathogen] genotype; genotype [number/letter]
Lỗi thường gặp:
Do not use genotype simply for any visible variety unless the type is identified by its genes.
Từ đồng nghĩa
genetic variant (Emphasizes difference in DNA rather than classification.)
|
strain (Common for microbes, but a strain may be defined by more than genotype alone.)
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lineage (Emphasizes ancestry or evolutionary relationship.)
|
type (More general and less technical.)
Cụm từ đi kèm
viral genotype
|hepatitis C genotype
|HIV genotype
|parasite genotype
|bacterial genotype
|resistant genotype
|new genotype
|common genotype
|distinct genotype
|rare genotype
Chủ đề
biology
|genetics
|medicine
|microbiology
Ví dụ
- Some hepatitis C genotypes respond differently to treatment.
- Scientists found three genotypes of the parasite in the samples.
- The vaccine was tested against several viral genotypes.
Ví dụ cho người học
- The virus has many genotypes.
- This genotype is common in the region.
Động từ
technical
C1
action
3
identify genetic makeup
to test DNA to find which genes or gene versions something has
Mẫu sử dụng:
genotype [someone/something]; genotype [a sample/population] for [a variant/marker]
Lỗi thường gặp:
The common forms are genotyped and genotyping. Genotyping usually checks genetic variants; it is not the same as describing appearance.
Từ đồng nghĩa
genetically test (Less technical and broader; may include many kinds of DNA testing.)
|
genetically analyze (Broader term that may include more than identifying genotype.)
|
genetically profile (Often means identifying a pattern of genetic markers.)
Cụm từ đi kèm
genotype a sample
|genotype patients
|genotype individuals
|genotype blood samples
|genotype tumor samples
|genotype the virus
|genotype a population
|genotype for mutations
|genotype at a locus
|genotype genetic markers
Chủ đề
genetics
|medicine
|research
|laboratory
Ví dụ
- The team genotyped 2,000 volunteers to study risk factors for the disease.
- All tumor samples were genotyped for two common mutations.
- Farmers can genotype seedlings before choosing which plants to grow.
Ví dụ cho người học
- The lab genotyped the samples.
- Doctors may genotype a virus before treatment.
Ngữ pháp
Dạng từ điển
genotype
IPA
GB/d͡ʒˈɛnətˌaɪp/
US/d͡ʒˈɛnətˌaɪp/
Âm tiết và trọng âm
gen - o - type (3 âm tiết)
Stress on 1st syllable (gen)
Các dạng từ
Noun
- Base: genotype
- Plural: genotypes
Verb
- Base: genotype
- 3rd Person Singular: genotypes
- Present Participle: genotyping
- Past: genotyped
- Past Participle: genotyped
Cách diễn đạt
genotype frequency
1/d͡ʒˈɛnətˌaɪp fɹˈikwənsi/
fixed phrase
technical
rate of a genotype
how common a particular genotype is in a group
Ví dụ
- Genotype frequencies differed between the patient group and the control group.
- The rare genotype had a frequency of less than 2 percent in the sample.
- Researchers compared genotype frequencies across several regions.
genotype-environment interaction
1/d͡ʒˈɛnətˌaɪp ɪnvˈaɪɹənmənt ˌɪntɚˈækʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
genes depend on environment
when genes and environment affect each other in producing a trait
Ví dụ
- The study reported a genotype-environment interaction: one crop variety produced high yields only under irrigation.
- Genotype-environment interaction is a major concern when breeders test plants in different climates.
- The researchers found a genotype-environment interaction for weight gain in the animal model.
genotype-phenotype correlation
1/d͡ʒˈɛnətˌaɪp fˈinətˌaɪp kˌɔɹəlˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
gene-trait relationship
a link between genes and visible traits or medical features
Ví dụ
- A clear genotype-phenotype correlation can help doctors predict disease severity.
- Researchers looked for genotype-phenotype correlations in patients with the same inherited disorder.
- The mutation showed a strong genotype-phenotype correlation in the study population.
genotype-phenotype correlation
1/d͡ʒˈɛnətˌaɪp fˈinətˌaɪp kˌɔɹəlˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
gene-trait relationship
a link between someone's genes and the traits or symptoms they show.
Ví dụ
- The database helps researchers study genotype-phenotype correlations in inherited heart disease.
- A strong genotype-phenotype correlation can make it easier to predict how severe a condition will be.
- The variant is common, but its genotype-phenotype correlation is still unclear.
mutant genotype
1/mjˈutənt d͡ʒˈɛnətˌaɪp/
fixed phrase
technical
genotype with mutation
a genetic form that has the mutation being studied
Ví dụ
- Larvae with the mutant genotype failed to develop normally.
- The assay clearly separated the wild-type genotype from the mutant genotype.
- Researchers studied how the mutant genotype affected enzyme activity.
sickle-cell genotype
1/sˈɪkəl sˈɛl d͡ʒˈɛnətˌaɪp/
fixed phrase
technical
hemoglobin gene category
a genetic result showing whether a person has sickle-cell trait or sickle-cell disease
Ví dụ
- Newborn screening can identify a baby's sickle-cell genotype.
- Couples in some regions are encouraged to learn their sickle-cell genotypes before having children.
- The report listed her sickle-cell genotype as AS.
wild-type genotype
1/wˈaɪld tˈaɪp d͡ʒˈɛnətˌaɪp/
fixed phrase
technical
reference non-mutant genotype
the usual or reference genetic form used for comparison
Ví dụ
- The control mice carried the wild-type genotype.
- The experiment compared mutant plants with plants that had the wild-type genotype.
- Cells with the wild-type genotype responded normally to the drug.