nationalization
gb/nˌæʃənələzˈeɪʃən/ us/nˌæʃənələzˈeɪʃən/
C1
Anh
Các nghĩa
0 nghĩa
Danh từ
C1
process
1
government takeover of private assets
when the government takes ownership or control of a company, industry, or important asset
Mẫu sử dụng:
nationalization of [an industry/company/asset]
Lỗi thường gặp:
Do not confuse nationalization with naturalization, which means becoming a citizen of a country.
Từ đồng nghĩa
government takeover (broader and less formal; may mean control without full ownership)
|
state takeover (emphasizes control by the state; often used in news and politics)
|
public ownership (often refers to the resulting state, not the process of transfer)
Từ trái nghĩa
privatization (transfer of government-owned assets or services to private ownership)
|
denationalization (more formal and less common; reversal of nationalization)
Cụm từ đi kèm
bank nationalization
|rail nationalization
|full nationalization
|partial nationalization
|temporary nationalization
|nationalization plan
|nationalization program
|nationalization law
|threat of nationalization
|nationalization without compensation
Chủ đề
government
|business
|economics
|law
|politics
Ví dụ
- The government announced the nationalization of the country's largest electricity company.
- After the financial crisis, bank nationalization was discussed as a way to protect depositors.
- Critics argued that nationalization would scare away foreign investors.
Ví dụ cho người học
- Nationalization means the company becomes owned by the state.
- The nationalization of the railway was a major political issue.
Danh từ
formal
C2
process
2
making something national in scope
the process of making something apply to the whole country instead of only one area
Mẫu sử dụng:
nationalization of [an activity/system/issue]
Lỗi thường gặp:
In this meaning, nationalization does not necessarily mean government ownership.
Từ đồng nghĩa
centralization (emphasizes control from a central authority, not just national scale)
|
standardization (emphasizes making rules or practices uniform)
|
nationwide integration (emphasizes bringing separate parts into one national system)
Từ trái nghĩa
localization (adaptation or organization for a local area)
|
regionalization (organization by region rather than across the whole country)
|
decentralization (movement of power or organization away from a central or national authority)
Cụm từ đi kèm
nationalization of politics
|nationalization of education
|nationalization of elections
|nationalization of culture
|nationalization of identity
|nationalization of standards
|nationalization of the curriculum
|nationalization of policy
Chủ đề
politics
|society
|education
|media
Ví dụ
- Researchers describe the nationalization of local elections, as voters increasingly focus on national party leaders.
- The nationalization of school standards made it easier to compare results across regions.
- Some historians study the nationalization of culture and identity in modern states.
Ví dụ cho người học
- The nationalization of the curriculum created one system for all schools.
- The issue moved from local debate to nationalization across the country.
Ngữ pháp
Dạng từ điển
nationalization
IPA
GB/nˌæʃənələzˈeɪʃən/
US/nˌæʃənələzˈeɪʃən/
Âm tiết và trọng âm
na - tion - al - iz - a (5 âm tiết)
Stress on 5th syllable (a)
Các dạng từ
Noun
- Base: nationalization
- Plural: nationalization, nationalizations
Cách diễn đạt
bank nationalization
1/bˈæŋk nˌæʃənələzˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
state takeover of banks
when the government takes control or ownership of a bank
Ví dụ
- Bank nationalization became a serious option after several major lenders nearly collapsed.
- The minister said bank nationalization would be used only as a last resort.
creeping nationalization
1/kɹˈipɪŋ nˌæʃənələzˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
formal
gradual expansion of state control
slow, step-by-step government control of an industry or company
Ví dụ
- Opposition leaders accused the government of creeping nationalization through new rules and subsidies.
- Business groups warned that repeated state interventions could lead to creeping nationalization of the sector.
de facto nationalization
1/də fˈæktoʊ nˌæʃənələzˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
formal
practical state control
when the government controls something in practice, even if it is not officially called nationalization
Ví dụ
- The strict licensing rules amounted to de facto nationalization of the industry.
- Shareholders argued that the price controls and state appointments were a form of de facto nationalization.
nationalization without compensation
1/nˌæʃənələzˈeɪʃən wɪðˈaʊt kˌɑmpənsˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
legal
takeover without paying owners
when the government takes private property and does not pay the owners, or does not pay enough
Ví dụ
- The company challenged the nationalization without compensation in an international court.
- Investors feared that nationalization without compensation would damage confidence in the country.
partial nationalization
1/pˈɑɹʃəl nˌæʃənələzˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
limited state ownership takeover
when the government takes only some control or ownership, not all of it
Ví dụ
- The rescue plan involved the partial nationalization of several struggling banks.
- Investors were less alarmed by partial nationalization than by a complete state takeover.
temporary nationalization
1/tˈɛmpɚˌɛɹi nˌæʃənələzˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
short-term state takeover
when the government takes control for a short time, usually during a problem or crisis
Ví dụ
- Some economists supported temporary nationalization until the bank was stable again.
- The proposal called for temporary nationalization of the energy supplier during the emergency.