notwithstanding

gb/nˌɑtwɪθstˈændɪŋ/ us/nˌɑtwɪθstˈændɪŋ/

C1 Anh

Các nghĩa

0 nghĩa

preposition formal C1 relation

despite; in spite of

It means “despite” or “in spite of”.

Mẫu sử dụng: notwithstanding [noun/gerund] / [noun] notwithstanding

Lỗi thường gặp:

Often confused with “therefore”; it actually introduces a contrast (like “despite”), not a result.

Từ đồng nghĩa

despite (More common and neutral than “notwithstanding”.) | in spite of (Slightly longer and often less formal.) | regardless of (Emphasizes ignoring a factor rather than overcoming it.)

Từ trái nghĩa

because of (Gives a reason rather than a contrast.) | due to (More formal way to express cause, not contrast.)

Cụm từ đi kèm

Chủ đề

writing |argumentation |law

Ví dụ

Notwithstanding the rain, the match went ahead.
He kept smiling, the tension notwithstanding.
Notwithstanding her lack of experience, she did an excellent job.

Ví dụ cho người học

Notwithstanding the traffic, we arrived on time.
Notwithstanding his cold, he went to work.

conjunction formal C1 relation

although; despite the fact that

It means “although” and connects two clauses.

Mẫu sử dụng: notwithstanding (that) [clause]

Lỗi thường gặp:

Avoid using it like “however” with a comma; it usually introduces a full clause directly (often with “that”).

Từ đồng nghĩa

although (Most common clause linker for contrast.) | even though (Slightly more emphatic and more conversational.)

Từ trái nghĩa

because (Introduces a reason rather than a contrast.) | since (Often gives a cause/explanation, not a concession.)

Cụm từ đi kèm

Chủ đề

writing |argumentation |law

Ví dụ

Notwithstanding that the budget was cut, the project stayed on track.
Notwithstanding what the report suggests, demand is rising.
Notwithstanding that she felt nervous, she spoke clearly.

Ví dụ cho người học

Notwithstanding that it was cold, we went out.

adverb formal C1 relation

nevertheless; even so

It means “nevertheless” or “even so”.

Mẫu sử dụng: [statement]. Notwithstanding, [statement].

Lỗi thường gặp:

Less common than “however” or “nevertheless” in this adverb use; it can sound stiff in everyday conversation.

Từ đồng nghĩa

nevertheless (More common in modern writing.) | however (Very common and more flexible in placement.) | still (More informal and conversational.)

Từ trái nghĩa

therefore (Signals a result rather than a contrast.) | consequently (Formal result marker, opposite of concessive contrast.)

Cụm từ đi kèm

notwithstanding, |notwithstanding this |notwithstanding that |notwithstanding it all

Chủ đề

writing |argumentation

Ví dụ

The plan is risky; notwithstanding, it may be our best option.
It’s an expensive solution. Notwithstanding, it would save time.
He had missed several deadlines; notwithstanding, the team supported him.

Ví dụ cho người học

It was difficult. Notwithstanding, we finished.

preposition legal C2 rule

legal: overrides conflicting rules

In contracts, it means “this rule applies even if something else says different”.

Mẫu sử dụng: Notwithstanding [other provision/law], [this clause applies].

Lỗi thường gặp:

Do not treat it as a simple synonym of “however” in legal drafting; it is often meant to create an explicit override.

Từ đồng nghĩa

despite (Similar meaning, but usually less explicit as an override marker in legal drafting.)

Từ trái nghĩa

subject to (Signals that a rule is limited by or depends on another rule.)

Cụm từ đi kèm

Chủ đề

legal |business |contracts

Ví dụ

Notwithstanding any other provision of this agreement, either party may terminate for fraud.
Notwithstanding the limitations in Section 4, the customer may request a refund within 30 days.
Notwithstanding applicable law, the parties agree to arbitrate all disputes.

Ngữ pháp

Dạng từ điển

notwithstanding

IPA

GB/nˌɑtwɪθstˈændɪŋ/

US/nˌɑtwɪθstˈændɪŋ/

Âm tiết và trọng âm

not - with - stand - ing (4 âm tiết)

Stress on 3rd syllable (stand)

Các dạng từ

Noun

Base: notwithstanding
Plural: notwithstandings

Họ từ

Forms

notwithstandings noun

Related words

withstand verb B2

Cách diễn đạt

[noun phrase] notwithstanding

/nˈaʊn fɹˈeɪz nˌɑtwɪθstˈændɪŋ/

fixed phrase formal

despite that thing (after noun)

It means “despite”, placed after the noun.

Ví dụ

His repeated apologies notwithstanding, she refused to speak to him.
The delays notwithstanding, the product launched on schedule.
The criticism notwithstanding, the article was widely shared.