racism
gb/ɹˈeɪsˌɪzəm/ us/ɹˈeɪsˌɪzəm/
B2
Anh
Các nghĩa
0 nghĩa
Danh từ
B2
abstract
1
unfair treatment based on race
Racism is when people are treated badly because of their race.
Mẫu sử dụng:
racism against [group]; racism in [place/institution]; face/experience racism
Lỗi thường gặp:
Learners sometimes use racism for any kind of unfair treatment (e.g., sexism); racism specifically involves race.
Từ đồng nghĩa
racial discrimination (Focuses on unequal treatment, especially in jobs, housing, or services.)
|
racial prejudice (Emphasizes biased attitudes and assumptions rather than actions.)
|
bigotry (Broader term for intolerance; not limited to race.)
Từ trái nghĩa
racial equality (The principle that people of all races should be treated equally.)
|
non-discrimination (A general policy or principle of not treating groups unfairly.)
Cụm từ đi kèm
systemic racism
|institutional racism
|everyday racism
|overt racism
|subtle racism
|anti-Black racism
|racism in policing
|racial racism
|tackle racism
|experience racism
Chủ đề
society
|politics
|law
|relationships
|ethics
Ví dụ
- The company introduced new hiring rules to reduce racism and bias.
- She spoke about the racism she faced at school and in the workplace.
- Community leaders called for action after reports of racism in local policing.
Ví dụ cho người học
- Racism is wrong.
- He experienced racism at work.
Danh từ
C1
abstract
2
belief in racial superiority
Racism can mean believing one race is better than another.
Mẫu sử dụng:
[someone]'s racism; the racism behind [idea/policy]
Lỗi thường gặp:
Learners may think racism only means hateful actions; it can also refer to an ideology or belief system.
Từ đồng nghĩa
racialism (Often refers to theories about race; may sound academic and is less common in everyday speech.)
|
white supremacy (A specific ideology that centers white dominance; narrower than racism in general.)
Từ trái nghĩa
egalitarianism (The belief that all people are equal in value and rights.)
Cụm từ đi kèm
scientific racism
|white supremacy
|racial hierarchy
|racist ideology
|deep-seated racism
|racism and nationalism
|the roots of racism
|justify racism
|racism underpinned by
|racism based on
Chủ đề
society
|politics
|history
|ethics
Ví dụ
- The book traces how racism shaped public policy over generations.
- His comments reflected a racism that ranked people by skin color.
- The movement rejected the racism behind the idea of a ‘superior’ race.
Ví dụ cho người học
- Racism says some races are better than others.
Danh từ
B2
event
3
a racist act or comment
Racism can also mean a racist act or incident.
Mẫu sử dụng:
an act of racism; a case of racism; accuse [someone] of racism
Lỗi thường gặp:
Learners may overuse 'racism' for any rude behavior; it refers specifically to race-based prejudice or discrimination.
Từ đồng nghĩa
racist abuse (Stronger and often used when there are insults or harassment.)
|
racial harassment (Often used in workplace or legal contexts.)
Từ trái nghĩa
respect (Opposes the idea of insulting or demeaning people based on race.)
Cụm từ đi kèm
an act of racism
|a case of racism
|blatant racism
|subtle racism
|call it racism
|report racism
|accusations of racism
|allegations of racism
|condemn racism
|racism online
Chủ đề
society
|relationships
|media
|work
Ví dụ
- The player was suspended after an incident of racism during the match.
- Several students reported racism in the group chat.
- The judge said there was no evidence that racism played a role in the decision.
Ví dụ cho người học
- That comment was racism.
Ngữ pháp
Dạng từ điển
racism
IPA
GB/ɹˈeɪsˌɪzəm/
US/ɹˈeɪsˌɪzəm/
Âm tiết và trọng âm
ra - cism (2 âm tiết)
Stress on 1st syllable (ra)
Các dạng từ
Noun
- Base: racism
- Plural: racism, racisms
Cách diễn đạt
anti-racism
1/ˈæntaɪ ɹˈeɪsˌɪzəm/
fixed phrase
active opposition to racism
Anti-racism means working actively against racism.
Ví dụ
- The school introduced anti-racism training for all staff.
- She volunteers with an anti-racism group in her community.
- The company published an anti-racism plan with specific goals.
everyday racism
1/ˈɛvɹidˈeɪ ɹˈeɪsˌɪzəm/
fixed phrase
daily, routine racist experiences
Everyday racism is racism people face in daily life.
Ví dụ
- She wrote about everyday racism, like being followed in stores.
- The documentary explores everyday racism in different workplaces.
- Many people shared examples of everyday racism on social media.
institutional racism
1/ˌɪnstɪtˈuʃənəl ɹˈeɪsˌɪzəm/
fixed phrase
racism within organizations
Institutional racism is racism in the way an organization works.
Ví dụ
- The inquiry found evidence of institutional racism in the department.
- Staff training alone may not fix institutional racism without policy changes.
- The union demanded reforms to combat institutional racism at work.
overt racism
1/oʊvˈɚt ɹˈeɪsˌɪzəm/
fixed phrase
open, obvious racism
Overt racism is racism that is clear and public.
Ví dụ
- Overt racism is less common in public speeches now, but it still exists.
- The moderator removed the user for overt racism in the comments.
- She described overt racism she faced while traveling.
reverse racism
1/ɹɪvˈɚs ɹˈeɪsˌɪzəm/
fixed phrase
racism against a majority group
Reverse racism is a debated term for racism against a majority group.
Ví dụ
- Some commentators described the policy as reverse racism, while others strongly disagreed.
- He complained about reverse racism during the interview.
- The article examined why claims of reverse racism are controversial.
subtle racism
1/sˈʌtəl ɹˈeɪsˌɪzəm/
fixed phrase
indirect, less obvious racism
Subtle racism is racism that is not obvious.
Ví dụ
- He didn’t hear any slurs, but he noticed subtle racism in how people treated him.
- The training focused on recognizing subtle racism in everyday interactions.
- Subtle racism can be hard to prove but still causes harm.
systemic racism
1/sɪstˈɛmɪk ɹˈeɪsˌɪzəm/
fixed phrase
formal
Racism embedded in systems
Racism that is part of the normal rules, laws, or practices of a society or organization, not just the actions of a few people.
Ví dụ
- Protesters are calling for action to address systemic racism in the criminal justice system.
- The report documents how systemic racism affects housing, education, and employment.
- Many companies are examining their policies to see how they may reinforce systemic racism.
systemic racism
1/sɪstˈɛmɪk ɹˈeɪsˌɪzəm/
fixed phrase
racism built into systems
Systemic racism is racism that is part of how a system works.
Ví dụ
- The report highlighted systemic racism in housing and lending.
- Activists argued that systemic racism affected school funding.
- The organization launched a review to address systemic racism in promotion decisions.