primer
gb/pɹˈaɪmɚ/ us/pɹˈaɪmɚ/
B2
إنجليزي
~ 8700
المعاني
0 معنى
اسم
C1
entity
1
basic introduction to a subject
A simple book or explanation that teaches the most important first facts about a subject.
نمط الاستخدام:
a primer on [something]
غلطة شائعة:
Learners sometimes think a "primer" must be a printed book, but it can also be an online article, video, or short course. There is also pronunciation variation: in American English for this sense, it is often said /ˈpraɪmər/ (like "pry-mer"), while in some other varieties it may be /ˈprɪmər/ ("prim-er").
مرادفات
introduction (Often used for the first part of a book or for a general overview, not always focused on teaching beginners.)
|
guide (Suggests practical help or instructions; may be longer or more detailed than a primer.)
|
handbook (Usually more complete and reference-like, while a primer focuses only on the basics.)
أضداد
treatise (A long, detailed, and often academic work, the opposite of a short, basic primer.)
تراكيب شائعة
a good primer
|a basic primer
|a helpful primer
|a primer on [something]
|beginner's primer
مواضيع
education
|knowledge
|communication
|core_vocabulary
أمثلة
- This book is a great primer on personal finance for young adults.
- Before the workshop, they sent us a short primer on the software we would use.
- The article serves as a useful primer on climate change for non‑specialists.
- She wrote a primer to help new employees understand the company’s culture.
- If you’re new to coding, start with a beginner’s primer rather than a full textbook.
أمثلة للمتعلمين
- Our teacher gave us a short primer on world history.
- I read a primer on how to start a small business.
- This video is a good primer on basic yoga.
- He bought a primer to learn the sounds of English letters.
- The website offers a free primer on internet safety.
اسم
B2
entity
2
preparatory coat before painting
A first thin layer put on a wall, wood, or metal so that the final paint will go on smoothly and stay well.
نمط الاستخدام:
apply primer to [a surface]
غلطة شائعة:
Learners may confuse "primer" with "primary" or "prime" and think it always means "most important". In painting, a primer is simply the first coat, not necessarily the most valuable one.
مرادفات
undercoat (Common in painting; usually refers to any layer under the topcoat, while primer is especially for preparing the bare surface.)
|
basecoat (Used especially in painting and cosmetics; can be decorative as well as preparatory, while primer is mainly functional.)
أضداد
topcoat (The final visible layer of paint, which contrasts with primer as the first, hidden preparatory layer.)
تراكيب شائعة
apply primer
|coat of primer
|primer coat
|spray primer
|white primer
|primer paint
مواضيع
home
|construction
|art
|housing
|work
|daily_life
أمثلة
- Make sure you apply a coat of primer before painting the walls.
- The metal gate needs a rust‑inhibiting primer before the color coat.
- We used a stain‑blocking primer to cover the water damage on the ceiling.
- Spray primer can save time when you are painting furniture with many details.
- Without primer, the paint started to peel after only a few months.
أمثلة للمتعلمين
- We put primer on the wall before we painted it.
- Use white primer so the bright color looks better.
- He bought primer and paint at the hardware store.
- The door looks smoother after one coat of primer.
- You should let the primer dry before adding the next coat.
اسم
technical
C1
entity
3
small charge that ignites propellant
A tiny part of a bullet or cartridge that explodes first and starts the main explosion that fires the gun.
نمط الاستخدام:
the primer of [a cartridge]
غلطة شائعة:
Learners may confuse the primer with the main gunpowder or with the bullet itself. The primer is only the small part that starts the explosion; it is not the main source of power.
مرادفات
igniter (General technical term for something that starts combustion; a primer is a specific kind of igniter used in ammunition.)
|
percussion cap (Historically used in older firearms; functions similarly to a primer but is a particular older design.)
أضداد
dud (Informal term for ammunition that fails to explode; contrasts with a functioning primer that ignites correctly.)
تراكيب شائعة
spent primer
|primer cap
|primer pocket
|strike the primer
|faulty primer
|percussion primer
مواضيع
weapons
|engineering
|technology
أمثلة
- The firing pin hits the primer, which ignites the powder inside the cartridge.
- A damaged primer can cause the round to misfire.
- Reloaders must seat each new primer carefully into the primer pocket.
- Inspect the spent primers for signs of excessive pressure.
- The ammunition recall was due to a batch of defective primers.
أمثلة للمتعلمين
- The gun did not fire because the primer was bad.
- When the pin hits the primer, the bullet shoots out.
- He showed us the small primer inside the cartridge.
- Old primers can be unsafe to use.
- They changed the primer and the gun worked again.
اسم
technical
C2
entity
4
short sequence starting DNA synthesis
In biology, a short piece of DNA or RNA that sticks to a matching part of a longer DNA strand and tells the cell or a machine where to start copying.
نمط الاستخدام:
design primers for [a gene]
غلطة شائعة:
Learners sometimes mix up the "primer" with the "template" strand. The template is the long piece of DNA that is copied; the primer is the short piece that only marks the starting point.
مرادفات
oligonucleotide (A broader technical term for a short nucleic acid strand; not every oligonucleotide is used as a primer, but many primers are oligonucleotides.)
أضداد
template (The DNA strand that is copied; it plays the opposite role to a primer, which only marks where copying should begin.)
تراكيب شائعة
PCR primer
|forward primer
|reverse primer
|primer pair
|design primers
|binds to the primer
مواضيع
science
|biology
|technology
|education
أمثلة
- We designed a new primer pair to amplify this region of the gene.
- If the primer is not specific enough, the PCR may produce many unwanted products.
- The forward primer binds upstream of the mutation site.
- Shorter primers generally bind less specifically to the template DNA.
- Poor primer design is one of the most common causes of failed PCR reactions.
أمثلة للمتعلمين
- The scientist used a primer to copy a piece of DNA.
- Each primer must match the DNA very well.
- We need two primers for this PCR test.
- A bad primer can make the test fail.
- The primer shows the enzyme where to start copying.
اسم
B2
entity
5
cosmetic base under makeup
A cream or gel you put on your skin before makeup so the makeup looks smoother and lasts longer.
نمط الاستخدام:
apply primer before [makeup product]
غلطة شائعة:
Learners sometimes think a makeup "primer" must always add color, like foundation. In fact, many primers are clear or lightly tinted and are mainly used to change the texture or lasting power of other products.
مرادفات
base (A general word for any first cosmetic layer; a primer is a specific kind of base designed mainly to improve texture or wear, not to add color.)
أضداد
setting spray (A product used at the end of makeup, the opposite step in the routine from primer, which is used at the beginning.)
تراكيب شائعة
face primer
|makeup primer
|eye primer
|hydrating primer
|silicone primer
|apply primer
مواضيع
beauty
|daily life
|clothing
|daily_life
|core_vocabulary
أمثلة
- Use a hydrating primer if your skin feels dry before applying foundation.
- This primer helps to blur pores and fine lines.
- Eye primer can keep your eyeshadow from creasing all day.
- She skips primer when she wants a lighter makeup look.
- A silicone‑based primer can make matte foundation glide on more smoothly.
أمثلة للمتعلمين
- I put primer on my face before my makeup.
- This primer makes my skin feel very smooth.
- Use eye primer so your eyeshadow stays longer.
- She forgot to use primer, so her makeup came off quickly.
- A good primer can help if you have large pores.
القواعد
الصيغة المعجمية
primer
IPA
GB/pɹˈaɪmɚ/
US/pɹˈaɪmɚ/
المقاطع والنبر
primer (١ مقطع)
Stress on 1st syllable (primer)
تصريفات الكلمة
Noun
- Base: primer
- Plural: primer, primers
عيلة الكلمة
تعبيرات
a primer on
1/ə pɹˈaɪmɚ ˈɔn/
fixed phrase
basic introduction to a topic
Used to say that something gives simple first information about a topic for beginners.
أمثلة
- This podcast episode is a great primer on artificial intelligence for non‑experts.
- The first chapter is a short primer on the key terms used in the book.
- Our training starts with a primer on company policies and safety rules.