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الإنجليزية

punitive

gb/pjˈunətɪv/ us/pjˈunətɪv/
C1 الإنجليزية
المعاني
0 معنى
adjective formal C1 property
1

Intended to punish someone

Meant to punish someone.

نمط الاستخدام: punitive [measure/response/sanction/penalty] (against [someone/something])
خطأ شائع:
Do not use punitive to mean simply “negative” or “critical”; it specifically suggests punishment or penalties.
المرادفات
penal (More closely tied to criminal law and formal penalties.) | retributive (Emphasizes punishment as payback for wrongdoing.) | disciplinary (Often used for punishment within an organization (school/work), usually less severe.)
الأضداد
nonpunitive (Not intended to punish; focused on support or correction.) | lenient (Not strict or severe in punishment.) | rehabilitative (Focused on improving behavior rather than punishing.)
المتلازمات اللفظية
punitive measures |punitive action |punitive sanctions |punitive policy |punitive response |punitive penalty |punitive approach |punitive laws |punitive restrictions |punitive fine
الموضوعات
law |politics |crime |society
أمثلة
  • The government introduced punitive measures to deter companies from dumping waste.
  • The committee rejected a punitive response and asked for a plan to prevent the problem happening again.
  • Some critics say the new rules are punitive and target the poorest households.
أمثلة للمتعلّمين
  • The school has a punitive rule for late homework.
  • The judge avoided punitive treatment and chose counseling instead.
adjective formal C1 property
2

Excessively harsh or severe

Very harsh or severe, like a punishment.

نمط الاستخدام: punitive [tax/rate/conditions/terms]
خطأ شائع:
Punitive usually suggests more than “strict”; it implies an unfairly heavy burden or penalty.
المرادفات
harsh (More general; does not necessarily imply a penalty.) | draconian (Suggests extremely severe rules or punishments; more dramatic.) | punishing (More informal; often about demanding conditions.)
الأضداد
reasonable (Fair and not excessively demanding or severe.) | moderate (Not extreme in level or intensity.) | forgiving (Not harsh about mistakes or failures.)
المتلازمات اللفظية
punitive tax |punitive rate |punitive interest rates |punitive fees |punitive conditions |punitive terms |punitive pricing |punitive fines |punitive workload |punitive schedule
الموضوعات
business |money |law |society
أمثلة
  • Small businesses complained that the new reporting requirements were punitive.
  • The loan came with punitive interest rates that made repayment almost impossible.
  • Workers described the timetable as punitive, with barely any breaks.
أمثلة للمتعلّمين
  • The fees are punitive for students.
  • The contract has punitive terms.
القواعد
الصيغة المعجمية
punitive
IPA
GB/pjˈunətɪv/
US/pjˈunətɪv/
المقاطع والنبر
pun - it - ive (٣ مقاطع)
Stress on 1st syllable (pun)
تصريفات الكلمة
Adjective
  • Base: punitive
عائلة الكلمة
Core family
punish verb B1 punishment noun B1
Related words
punishable adjective punishing adjective punisher noun
Negative and opposite forms
unpunished adjective
Advanced or less common
punitively adverb C1
التعبيرات

punitive action

1
/pjˈunətɪv ˈækʃən/
fixed phrase formal

Action taken to punish

Do something to punish someone.

أمثلة
  • Management said it would take punitive action if the behavior continued.
  • The agency was accused of taking punitive action against whistleblowers.
  • The policy limits punitive action and encourages coaching first.

punitive damages

1
/pjˈunətɪv dˈæmɪd͡ʒɪz/
fixed phrase legal

Money awarded to punish

Extra money in a lawsuit meant to punish the wrongdoer.

أمثلة
  • The jury awarded punitive damages after finding the company had acted deliberately.
  • The judge reduced the punitive damages on appeal.
  • Punitive damages are rare in some legal systems.

punitive damages

1
/pjˈunətɪv dˈæmɪd͡ʒɪz/
fixed phrase legal

Damages meant to punish

extra money a wrongdoer must pay as punishment, not just to cover the victim’s loss.

أمثلة
  • The jury awarded $5 million in punitive damages after finding that the company had acted recklessly.
  • The plaintiffs are seeking punitive damages, arguing that the fraud was deliberate.

punitive measures

1
/pjˈunətɪv mˈɛʒɚz/
fixed phrase formal

Actions taken to punish

Actions or rules that punish.

أمثلة
  • The union warned that punitive measures would damage morale.
  • International leaders discussed punitive measures in response to the attack.
  • The report argued for prevention rather than punitive measures.

punitive sanctions

1
/pjˈunətɪv sˈæŋkʃənz/
fixed phrase formal

Sanctions meant to punish

Sanctions that are used as punishment.

أمثلة
  • Several countries imposed punitive sanctions on the regime.
  • The company faced punitive sanctions for repeated violations.
  • Critics said the punitive sanctions hurt ordinary people more than leaders.

punitive tariff

1
/pjˈunətɪv tˈɛɹəf/
fixed phrase business

Import tax meant to punish

A very high import tax used as punishment.

أمثلة
  • The government threatened a punitive tariff on steel imports.
  • A punitive tariff could raise prices for consumers.
  • Businesses lobbied against the punitive tariff, warning of retaliation.

punitive tax

1
/pjˈunətɪv tˈæks/
fixed phrase formal

Tax seen as harsh punishment

A very high tax that feels like punishment.

أمثلة
  • Opponents called it a punitive tax on homeowners.
  • The proposal includes a punitive tax on single-use plastics.
  • Supporters argued the punitive tax would reduce harmful behavior.
العودة إلى القائمة
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