borrowing
gb/bˈɑɹoʊɪŋ/ us/bˈɑɹoʊɪŋ/
A2
Английски
hitelfelvétel, kölcsönfelvétel, hitelállomány, adósságállomány, felvett hitel, kölcsönvétel, kölcsönzés, nyelvi átvétel, jövevényszó, átvétel, merítés
СЪЩЕСТВИТЕЛНО
B1
1
Модел на употреба:
borrowing [money/funds] from [a bank/lender]
High interest rates have discouraged borrowing by first-time buyers.
A magas kamatok visszatartották az első lakásukat vásárlókat a hitelfelvételtől.
The startup relied on borrowing to cover its early operating costs.
Az induló vállalkozás hitelfelvételre támaszkodott, hogy fedezni tudja kezdeti működési költségeit.
Before any borrowing, compare the interest rate and fees from several lenders.
Примери за учащи
Borrowing money can be expensive.
A hitelfelvétel drága lehet.
The family avoided borrowing from the bank.
A család kerülte a banki hitelfelvételt.
Честа грешка:
Do not confuse borrow and lend: borrowers borrow from lenders; lenders lend to borrowers.
Значение
Getting money as a loan
Колокации
personal borrowing
|consumer borrowing
|corporate borrowing
|mortgage borrowing
|short-term borrowing
|heavy borrowing
|new borrowing
|borrowing costs
|borrowing needs
|bank borrowing
Синоними
taking out a loan (more explicit and informal for arranging a loan)
|
financing (broader; can include other ways of raising money)
Антоними
lending (the opposite side of the same transaction)
|
repayment (paying the money back rather than receiving it)
Теми
money
|banking
|finance
|business
Определение
getting money that you must pay back later
The act or practice of getting money from a lender with an agreement to pay it back, usually with interest.
СЪЩЕСТВИТЕЛНО
B2
BUSINESS
2
Модел на употреба:
[someone's/something's] borrowing(s)
The company's borrowings increased to nearly $2 million last year.
A vállalat hitelállománya tavaly közel 2 millió dollárra nőtt.
Higher tax revenues reduced the need for new borrowing.
A magasabb adóbevételek csökkentették az új hitelfelvétel szükségességét.
The annual report lists all outstanding borrowings at the end of the financial year.
Примери за учащи
The business has large borrowings.
A vállalkozásnak jelentős hitelállománya van.
The city wants to reduce its borrowing.
A város csökkenteni akarja a hitelállományát.
Честа грешка:
In finance, borrowings often means the total amount of debt, not the act of borrowing.
Значение
Money owed from loans
Колокации
total borrowings
|net borrowing
|government borrowing
|public borrowing
|company borrowings
|short-term borrowings
|long-term borrowings
|outstanding borrowings
|external borrowing
|reduce borrowing
Синоними
debt (more general and common for money owed)
|
liabilities (an accounting term for financial obligations)
Антоними
assets (things owned, rather than money owed)
|
savings (money kept or accumulated, not borrowed)
Теми
money
|finance
|accounting
|business
|government
Определение
money that has been borrowed and must be paid back
Money that a person, company, or government has borrowed; debt created by borrowing, often referred to in the plural as borrowings.
СЪЩЕСТВИТЕЛНО
A2
3
kölcsönvétel
B2
kölcsönzés
B1
Модел на употреба:
borrowing [something] from [someone/place]
Borrowing tools from neighbors can save money, but you should return them quickly.
Ha szerszámokat kérünk kölcsön a szomszédoktól, pénzt takaríthatunk meg, de gyorsan vissza kell adni őket.
The library app tracks borrowing and returns for each user.
A könyvtári alkalmazás felhasználónként nyomon követi a kölcsönzéseket és a visszahozatalokat.
Borrowing your roommate's clothes without asking can cause problems.
Примери за учащи
Borrowing books from the library is free.
A könyvek kölcsönzése a könyvtárból ingyenes.
Ask before borrowing my phone.
Kérj engedélyt, mielőtt kölcsönveszed a telefonomat.
Честа грешка:
Use borrow from, not borrow to: I borrowed a pen from Ana. Ana lent a pen to me.
Значение
Temporary use of someone else's thing
Колокации
borrowing books
|borrowing equipment
|borrowing tools
|borrowing a car
|library borrowing
|borrowing privileges
|borrowing period
|temporary borrowing
|unauthorized borrowing
Синоними
taking on loan (more formal and explicit)
|
using temporarily (does not always imply permission or a duty to return)
Антоними
lending (giving something temporarily for someone else to use)
|
returning (giving the borrowed thing back)
Теми
daily_life
|sharing
|ownership
Определение
using something that is not yours and giving it back later
The act of taking and using something that belongs to someone else for a limited time, usually with permission and with the intention of returning it.
СЪЩЕСТВИТЕЛНО
C1
TECHNICAL
4
jövevényszó
B2
Модел на употреба:
a borrowing from [a language]
The word ballet is a borrowing from French.
A „balett” szó francia eredetű jövevényszó.
English contains many borrowings from French, Latin, and Norse.
Az angol nyelv sok francia, latin és óészaki eredetű jövevényszót tartalmaz.
Some borrowings keep their original pronunciation for a long time.
Примери за учащи
Piano is a borrowing from Italian.
A „piano” szó olasz eredetű jövevényszó.
English has many borrowings.
Az angolban sok jövevényszó van.
Честа грешка:
A borrowing in linguistics is not money; it means a language item taken from another language.
Значение
Loanword or imported language feature
Колокации
linguistic borrowing
|lexical borrowing
|French borrowing
|English borrowing
|direct borrowing
|early borrowing
|semantic borrowing
|phonological borrowing
Синоними
loanword (usually refers specifically to a borrowed word)
|
loan (technical term for a borrowed language item)
Антоними
native word (a word that developed within the language)
|
coinage (a newly created word rather than a borrowed one)
Теми
language
|linguistics
|vocabulary
Определение
a word or language feature taken from another language
A word, phrase, sound, or grammatical feature that one language has taken from another language.
СЪЩЕСТВИТЕЛНО
B2
5
Модел на употреба:
borrowing from [a source]; borrowing of [an idea/style]
The film's borrowing from comic books is clear in its colors and camera angles.
A film képregényekből átvett elemei világosan látszanak a színekben és a kamerabeállításokban.
Her music shows creative borrowing from jazz and West African rhythms.
Zenéjében érződik a jazzből és a nyugat-afrikai ritmusokból való kreatív merítés.
Critics argued that the design crossed the line from borrowing into copying.
Примери за учащи
The artist's borrowing from old posters is easy to see.
Könnyű észrevenni, hogy a művész régi plakátokból merített.
Borrowing ideas is acceptable if you give credit.
Az ötletek átvétele elfogadható, ha megjelölöd a forrást.
Честа грешка:
Borrowing can be neutral or approved; plagiarism means dishonest copying without proper credit.
Значение
Adopting ideas or styles
Колокации
cultural borrowing
|artistic borrowing
|creative borrowing
|stylistic borrowing
|heavy borrowing
|direct borrowing
|unacknowledged borrowing
|borrowing from tradition
Синоними
adoption (neutral; emphasizes taking something up for use)
|
appropriation (often suggests unfair or insensitive taking, especially from a culture)
|
influence (less direct than borrowing)
Антоними
originality (creating something new rather than taking from another source)
|
invention (making something new rather than adapting what exists)
Теми
creativity
|culture
|art
|ideas
Определение
using an idea or style from another person, culture, or tradition
The use or adaptation of an idea, method, image, style, or cultural element taken from another source.
Граматика
Речникова форма
borrowing
IPA
GB/bˈɑɹoʊɪŋ/
US/bˈɑɹoʊɪŋ/
Срички и ударение
bor - row - ing (3 срички)
Stress on 1st syllable (bor)
Форми на думата
Noun
- Base: borrowing
- Plural: borrowing, borrowings
Изрази
borrowing costs
1/bˈɑɹoʊɪŋ kˈɔsts/
fixed phrase
business
Interest and fees on loans
the extra money you pay when you borrow money
Примери
- The central bank raised rates, increasing borrowing costs for households.
- Lower borrowing costs made it easier for the company to invest.
- Rising borrowing costs have slowed the housing market.
Примери за учащи
- Borrowing costs are higher this year.
- Low borrowing costs help buyers.
borrowing limit
1/bˈɑɹoʊɪŋ lˈɪmɪt/
fixed phrase
Maximum allowed borrowing
the most you are allowed to borrow
Примери
- The credit card has a borrowing limit of $5,000.
- Students can request a higher library borrowing limit.
- The new rules set a strict borrowing limit for local councils.
Примери за учащи
- My borrowing limit is $1,000.
- The library has a borrowing limit of ten books.
borrowing power
1/bˈɑɹoʊɪŋ pˈaʊɚ/
fixed phrase
business
Ability to borrow money
how much money someone can borrow
Примери
- A larger down payment can increase your borrowing power.
- The merger strengthened the firm's borrowing power with banks.
- Missed payments can reduce your borrowing power for years.
Примери за учащи
- A good credit score gives you more borrowing power.
- My borrowing power is too low for that house.
borrowing rate
1/bˈɑɹoʊɪŋ ɹˈeɪt/
fixed phrase
business
Interest rate on borrowed money
the interest rate you pay when you borrow money
Примери
- Their borrowing rate fell after the company's credit rating improved.
- Mortgage borrowing rates are higher than they were last year.
- The bank offered a lower borrowing rate to customers with strong credit.
Примери за учащи
- The borrowing rate is 6 percent.
- We need a lower borrowing rate.
cultural borrowing
1/kˈʌlt͡ʃɚəl bˈɑɹoʊɪŋ/
fixed phrase
Adopting from another culture
using ideas, styles, or customs from another culture
Примери
- The festival reflects centuries of cultural borrowing between neighboring communities.
- Designers often use cultural borrowing, but they should understand and credit their sources.
- The restaurant's menu shows cultural borrowing without simply copying one tradition.
Примери за учащи
- The music shows cultural borrowing.
- Cultural borrowing can create new styles.
government borrowing
1/ɡˈʌvɚnmənt bˈɑɹoʊɪŋ/
fixed phrase
business
Money borrowed by government
money the government borrows to pay for public spending
Примери
- Government borrowing rose sharply during the recession.
- The finance minister promised to reduce government borrowing over the next three years.
- Higher tax receipts helped keep government borrowing below forecasts.
Примери за учащи
- Government borrowing increased last year.
- The country wants less government borrowing.
lexical borrowing
1/lˈɛksɪkəl bˈɑɹoʊɪŋ/
fixed phrase
technical
Words taken from another language
when one language takes words from another language
Примери
- Sushi in English is an example of lexical borrowing from Japanese.
- Lexical borrowing often happens when communities trade or live close together.
- The study compares lexical borrowing in Spanish and Tagalog.
Примери за учащи
- English has lexical borrowing from French.
- Pizza is a result of lexical borrowing.