perplexity
gb/pɚplˈɛksəti/ us/pɚplˈɛksəti/
C1
Английски
~ 26900
tanácstalanság, értetlenség, nehézség, dilemma, perplexitás
СЪЩЕСТВИТЕЛНО
C1
FORMAL
1
értetlenség
B2
Модел на употреба:
[someone] feels perplexity about [something]
She stared at the complex diagram in utter perplexity.
Teljes tanácstalansággal nézte a bonyolult diagramot.
His sudden decision left his friends in deep perplexity.
Hirtelen döntése mély tanácstalanságba taszította a barátait.
The new policy caused widespread perplexity among employees.
A look of perplexity crossed his face when he heard the news.
Scientists expressed perplexity at the unexpected results.
Примери за учащи
The students felt great perplexity during the hard test.
A diákok nagy tanácstalanságot éreztek a nehéz teszt közben.
I watched the movie in perplexity because the story was not clear.
Tanácstalanul néztem a filmet, mert nem volt világos a történet.
Her face showed perplexity when she read the strange message.
There was general perplexity about the change in rules.
Честа грешка:
Learners sometimes use "perplexity" in very casual speech where "confusion" or "I am confused" sounds more natural. Also, some confuse "perplexity" with "complexity": "complexity" is about how complicated something is, while "perplexity" is the feeling of confusion that this complication causes.
Значение
state of great confusion
Колокации
in utter perplexity
|in a state of perplexity
|a look of perplexity
|express perplexity
|cause perplexity
|public perplexity
Синоними
confusion (More general and common word; does not always suggest something especially difficult to understand.)
|
bewilderment (Stronger emotional sense of being lost or shocked, often less formal than "perplexity.")
|
puzzlement (Slightly lighter or more curious confusion; can sound less serious than "perplexity.")
Антоними
clarity (Emphasizes that something is easy to see or understand, the opposite of mental confusion.)
|
understanding (Focuses on having a correct mental grasp of something, which removes perplexity.)
Теми
emotions
|thinking
|communication
|core_vocabulary
Определение
A strong feeling of confusion when something is hard to understand or explain.
A state of being very confused or puzzled, especially because something is difficult to understand or explain.
СЪЩЕСТВИТЕЛНО
C1
FORMAL
2
Модел на употреба:
[something] is a perplexity for [someone]
The moral perplexities of the case divided public opinion.
Az ügy erkölcsi dilemmái megosztották a közvéleményt.
Modern parents face new perplexities with social media and technology.
A mai szülők új nehézségekkel szembesülnek a közösségi média és a technológia miatt.
The novel explores the emotional perplexities of growing older.
Lawyers discussed the legal perplexities created by the new ruling.
He wrote a book about the economic perplexities of globalization.
Примери за учащи
The story shows the perplexities of teenage life.
A történet megmutatja a kamaszélet nehézségeit.
They talked about the perplexities of living in a big city.
A nagyvárosi élet nehézségeiről beszélgettek.
New technology brings many perplexities for older people.
The film looks at the moral perplexities of war.
Честа грешка:
Learners may overuse this sense for simple, everyday problems where "problems" or "challenges" sound more natural. "Perplexities" usually suggests complex or serious issues, often in writing or formal speech.
Значение
confusing problem or difficulty
Колокации
moral perplexities
|legal perplexities
|the perplexities of life
|the perplexities of modern society
|face many perplexities
|the perplexities of adulthood
Синоними
difficulty (Very common and general; does not always suggest mental confusion but often overlaps in context.)
|
dilemma (Suggests a choice between two bad or hard options; often more specific than "perplexity.")
|
problem (Broad everyday term; less formal and not limited to confusion or complexity of understanding.)
Антоними
solution (Represents the resolved state of a problem, removing the perplexity it once caused.)
|
simplicity (Highlights that something is easy and straightforward, without confusing elements.)
Теми
thinking
|problems
|society
|daily_life
|core_vocabulary
Определение
A difficult problem or situation that makes people confused.
A problem, situation, or question that is hard to understand or deal with and therefore causes confusion.
СЪЩЕСТВИТЕЛНО
C2
TECHNICAL
3
perplexitás
C2
Модел на употреба:
the perplexity of [a model] on [a dataset]
We report a test perplexity of 18.3 for our language model.
A nyelvi modellünk tesztperplexitása 18,3 volt.
Lower perplexity on the validation set suggests that the model is learning useful patterns.
Az alacsonyabb perplexitás a validációs halmazon arra utal, hogy a modell hasznos mintázatokat tanul.
The new architecture significantly reduced perplexity compared to the baseline.
Perplexity is often used to evaluate the quality of probabilistic language models.
When the model is poorly trained, its perplexity on unseen data remains very high.
Примери за учащи
The team used perplexity to test their language model.
A csapat perplexitást használt a nyelvi modelljük tesztelésére.
A model with lower perplexity usually makes better predictions.
Az alacsonyabb perplexitású modell általában jobb előrejelzéseket ad.
They compared the perplexity of two different models.
High perplexity showed that the model did not understand the data well.
Честа грешка:
Learners sometimes think that higher perplexity means better performance because the word can sound positive. In machine learning, lower perplexity is better. Another mistake is using "perplexity" for any kind of error rate; it is a specific probability-based measure, not a general word for all model errors.
Значение
ML metric of prediction uncertainty
Колокации
language model perplexity
|low perplexity
|high perplexity
|perplexity score
|perplexity metric
|perplexity on the test set
Синоними
uncertainty measure (Broad technical phrase; describes the general type of quantity without naming this specific metric.)
|
evaluation metric (Very general; refers to any performance measure, not specifically perplexity.)
Антоними
certainty (Conceptual opposite: high certainty corresponds to lower perplexity in model predictions.)
|
confidence (In practical ML, higher model confidence about correct predictions tends to mean lower perplexity.)
Теми
technology
|science
|mathematics
Определение
In machine learning, a number that shows how well a model predicts data; a lower perplexity means better predictions.
In statistics and machine learning, a numerical metric that quantifies how well a probability model predicts a set of data, with lower values indicating more accurate and less uncertain predictions.
Граматика
Речникова форма
perplexity
IPA
GB/pɚplˈɛksəti/
US/pɚplˈɛksəti/
Срички и ударение
per - plex - ity (3 срички)
Stress on 1st syllable (per)
Форми на думата
Noun
- Base: perplexity
- Plural: perplexities, perplexity
Семейство думи
Forms
perplexities
noun
Core family
perplex
verb
perplexed
adjective
perplexing
adjective
Related words
perplexingly
adverb
Изрази
Все още няма свързани изрази.