plaque
gb/plˈæk/ us/plˈæk/
B1
Английски
~ 8200
foglepedék, emléktábla, feliratos tábla, plakett, plakk, lerakódás, lízisplakk
СЪЩЕСТВИТЕЛНО
B1
1
foglepedék
B2
Модел на употреба:
plaque on [someone’s] teeth
Your dentist can see a lot of plaque along the gum line.
A fogorvos jól látja, hogy sok foglepedék van az íny mentén.
Brush twice a day to remove plaque before it hardens.
Moss fogat naponta kétszer, hogy eltávolítsd a foglepedéket, mielőtt megkeményedne.
If plaque is not cleaned off regularly, it can lead to gum disease.
The hygienist showed him where plaque was building up behind his front teeth.
Mouthwash can help reduce plaque, but it does not replace brushing and flossing.
Примери за учащи
There is a lot of plaque on his teeth.
Sok foglepedék van a fogain.
She brushes her teeth to stop plaque.
Azért mos fogat, hogy ne legyen foglepedék a fogain.
The dentist cleans plaque from my teeth twice a year.
Plaque can make small holes in your teeth.
Floss helps remove plaque between teeth.
Честа грешка:
Learners sometimes confuse “plaque” with “plague.” “Plaque” (with /æk/ sound) is a film on teeth, while “plague” (with /eɪg/ sound) is a serious disease. Another mistake is using “stone” or “hard dirt” instead of the correct word “plaque” or “tartar.”
Значение
soft film on teeth
Колокации
dental plaque
|remove plaque
|plaque buildup
|plaque control
|plaque removal
|plaque on the teeth
Синоними
tartar (Refers to hardened plaque that has mineralized on the teeth; more specific and usually removed by a dentist.)
|
biofilm (Technical term for a layer of microorganisms; broader and more scientific than everyday ‘plaque’.)
Антоними
cleanliness (Describes the state of teeth being free from plaque and dirt.)
Теми
health
|daily life
|body
Определение
A soft, sticky layer on teeth made of germs and food that can damage teeth and gums if you do not clean it away.
A soft, sticky layer of bacteria and food particles that forms on the surface of teeth and can cause cavities and gum disease if not removed.
СЪЩЕСТВИТЕЛНО
B2
2
Модел на употреба:
a plaque on [a surface]
A bronze plaque on the building lists the names of the founders.
Az épületen egy bronz emléktábla sorolja fel az alapítók nevét.
They unveiled a plaque to honor the firefighters who died in the accident.
Emléktáblát avattak a balesetben meghalt tűzoltók tiszteletére.
Her company gave her a wooden plaque in recognition of thirty years of service.
The museum placed a small plaque next to the painting with the artist’s name.
There is a blue plaque on the house showing that the poet once lived there.
Примери за учащи
There is a plaque on the wall with his name.
A falon van egy emléktábla, rajta a nevével.
The city put a plaque on the old house.
A város emléktáblát helyezett el a régi házon.
She received a plaque for her hard work.
We read the plaque outside the museum.
They showed us a plaque that remembers the war.
Честа грешка:
Learners may say “plate” or “board” instead of “plaque” for an award or a sign on a wall. “Plate” usually refers to something you eat from or a thin piece of metal in general, while “plaque” specifically suggests an engraved or inscribed sign or award.
Значение
flat sign or award plate
Колокации
commemorative plaque
|memorial plaque
|bronze plaque
|a plaque on the wall
|unveil a plaque
|award plaque
Синоними
tablet (Often used for stone or metal plaques on buildings or monuments; a bit more formal or literary.)
|
nameplate (Usually smaller and used to show a name on a door, desk, or machine, rather than to honor an event or person.)
|
sign (Very general; can be any sign, not necessarily a flat rigid plate with engraved writing.)
Теми
objects
|culture
|work
|daily_life
|arts_entertainment
Определение
A flat board or metal plate with words or a design on it, put on a wall, door, or object to give information, remember someone, or show an award.
A flat piece of metal, wood, stone, or similar material with writing or a design on it, fixed to a wall, door, or object to give information, honor someone, or serve as an award.
СЪЩЕСТВИТЕЛНО
C1
TECHNICAL
3
Модел на употреба:
plaque in [a body part]
The doctor explained that plaque had built up in his coronary arteries.
Az orvos elmagyarázta, hogy plakkok rakódtak le a koszorúereiben.
Researchers are studying how to reduce amyloid plaques in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease.
A kutatók azt vizsgálják, hogyan lehet csökkenteni az amiloid plakkok mennyiségét az Alzheimer-kórban szenvedő betegek agyában.
An ultrasound scan showed thick plaques on the inner walls of the carotid artery.
The dermatologist identified several red plaques consistent with psoriasis.
Smoking accelerates the formation of fatty plaques in blood vessels.
Примери за учащи
The test showed plaque in his blood vessels.
A vizsgálat lerakódást mutatott ki az ereiben.
Doctors worry when there is plaque in the heart arteries.
Az orvosok aggódnak, ha lerakódás van a szív koszorúereiben.
Special medicine can help slow plaque buildup.
Plaques in the brain can cause serious illness.
The red plaques on her skin were very itchy.
Честа грешка:
Learners may incorrectly assume this is the same as dental plaque. In medical texts, “plaque” often means a buildup in blood vessels, the brain, or on the skin, not just on teeth. Context, like “arteries,” “brain,” or “skin,” usually shows this medical meaning.
Значение
abnormal tissue or fat deposit
Колокации
plaque buildup
|plaque in the arteries
|cholesterol plaque
|fatty plaque
|amyloid plaques
|psoriatic plaques
Синоними
deposit (General term for material that has built up somewhere; not limited to medical contexts.)
|
lesion (Medical term for damaged or abnormal tissue; broader than “plaque,” which suggests a flatter or more defined area of buildup.)
Антоними
healthy tissue (Describes body tissue that is normal and free of abnormal buildup.)
Теми
medicine
|health
|biology
|body
Определение
A patch or lump in the body where fat, proteins, or cells collect and make the tissue thicker, such as in blood vessels, the brain, or on the skin.
An abnormal, often flat or raised area in the body where material such as fat, protein, or cells has built up, for example in blood vessels, the brain, or on the skin.
СЪЩЕСТВИТЕЛНО
C2
TECHNICAL
4
plakk
C2
lízisplakk
C2
Модел на употреба:
plaques on [a culture plate]
They used a plaque assay to measure the number of infectious virus particles.
A fertőző vírusrészecskék számának mérésére plakkpróbát alkalmaztak.
After incubation, several distinct plaques appeared on the bacterial lawn.
Inkubálás után több jól elkülönülő plakk jelent meg a baktériumgyepen.
Each plaque on the plate represents infection by a single virus particle.
The researcher counted over one hundred plaques to calculate the viral titer.
Contamination made it hard to distinguish true plaques from other clear spots.
Примери за учащи
Scientists count plaques on the plate to measure the virus.
A tudósok megszámolják a tenyésztőlemezen lévő plakkokat, hogy meghatározzák a vírus mennyiségét.
Each small clear plaque shows where the virus killed cells.
Minden kis, világos plakk azt mutatja, hol pusztította el a vírus a sejteket.
The student saw many plaques after one day in the incubator.
They used a plaque test to check the virus sample.
Only a few plaques grew on the culture dish.
Честа грешка:
Learners may try to apply the everyday dental or medical meaning of “plaque” here. In lab biology, it specifically means a clear spot on a plate of cells where the virus has killed the cells.
Значение
clear spot on culture plate
Колокации
viral plaques
|plaque assay
|count plaques
|distinct plaques
|clear plaques
Синоними
lysis zone (Technical description of the area where cells have been lysed; more descriptive and less commonly used as a simple noun in general lab talk.)
|
clear zone (Descriptive phrase emphasizing the transparent area; not specific to virology.)
Теми
biology
|science
|laboratory
|education
Определение
In laboratory work, a small clear area on a dish of cells where a virus has killed the cells.
In microbiology, a clear spot that appears in a layer of cells growing on a culture plate, where viruses or certain bacteria have killed or destroyed the cells.
Граматика
Речникова форма
plaque
IPA
GB/plˈæk/
US/plˈæk/
Срички и ударение
plaque (1 сричка)
Stress on 1st syllable (plaque)
Форми на думата
Noun
- Base: plaque
- Plural: plaque, plaques
Семейство думи
Forms
plaques
noun
Изрази
commemorative plaque
1/kəmˈɛmɚɪtɪv plˈæk/
fixed phrase
plaque to remember someone
A flat sign with writing that is put on a building or place to remember an important person or event.
Примери
- The city installed a commemorative plaque at the site of the old factory.
- A commemorative plaque on the bridge tells the story of the disaster.
dental plaque
1/dˈɛntəl plˈæk/
fixed phrase
plaque on the teeth
A soft, sticky layer of germs on the teeth that can hurt teeth and gums.
Примери
- Diets high in sugar can quickly increase dental plaque.
- Regular flossing is important for removing dental plaque between the teeth.
plaque buildup
1/plˈæk bˈɪldˌʌp/
fixed phrase
gradual accumulation of plaque
A slow increase of plaque in one area, for example on teeth or in blood vessels.
Примери
- Smoking can accelerate plaque buildup in your arteries.
- Good brushing habits help prevent plaque buildup on your teeth.
unveil a plaque
1/ʌnvˈeɪl ə plˈæk/
fixed phrase
formal
formally reveal a new plaque
To officially show a new plaque in a public event, usually to honor a person or event.
Примери
- The mayor will unveil a plaque to mark the school’s hundredth anniversary.
- They unveiled a plaque in the town square to honor local volunteers.