sap
gb/sˈæp/ us/sˈæp/
B2
Английски
~ 7500
kimerít, aláás, felemészt, nedv, fanedv, balek, palimadár, ólmosbot, életerő, vitalitás
ГЛАГОЛ
B2
1
Модел на употреба:
to sap [someone/something] of [strength/energy/confidence]
The constant noise in the office slowly sapped her concentration.
Az állandó irodai zaj lassan felemésztette a koncentrációját.
Years of conflict have sapped the country's resources.
Az évekig tartó konfliktus felemésztette az ország erőforrásait.
Working late every night is starting to sap his energy.
The long wait in the heat sapped everyone of their strength.
Negative comments can sap a team's confidence before a big game.
Примери за учащи
The hot sun sapped my energy.
A forró nap kiszívta belőlem az energiát.
The long meeting sapped us of our strength.
A hosszú megbeszélés teljesen kimerített minket.
Hard times can sap people's hope.
The sickness sapped his body of strength.
Lack of sleep saps your energy.
Честа грешка:
Learners sometimes use "sap" without an object, as in *"I sap"*, but it is almost always used with an object, such as "sap my energy" or "sap their strength." Another mistake is using it for quick, sudden changes; "sap" usually describes a slow, gradual weakening.
Значение
Gradually weaken or drain
Колокации
sap someone's strength
|sap someone's energy
|sap someone's confidence
|sap morale
|sap resources
Синоними
weaken (More general and common; does not always suggest a slow process like "sap" often does.)
|
drain (Emphasizes removing energy or resources completely, sometimes faster than "sap".)
|
undermine (Focuses on weakening the basis or foundation, especially power or authority.)
Антоними
strengthen (Means to make stronger, the opposite of weakening or sapping.)
|
boost (Means to increase energy, confidence, or power instead of reducing it.)
Теми
work
|health
|emotions
|war
|core_vocabulary
Определение
To slowly take away someone’s strength, energy, or confidence.
To gradually weaken or reduce the strength, energy, confidence, or power of someone or something.
СЪЩЕСТВИТЕЛНО
B2
2
Модел на употреба:
sap from [a tree/plant]
Sticky sap was running down the side of the pine tree.
A fenyőfa oldalán ragacsos nedv csorgott lefelé.
Maple syrup is made from the sap of maple trees.
A juharszirupot a juharfák nedvéből készítik.
He got sap on his hands after cutting the branch.
In spring, the sap begins to rise and the trees start to grow new leaves.
The insect feeds on the sap of young plants.
Примери за учащи
Sap came out when I cut the tree.
Nedv folyt ki, amikor belevágtam a fába.
There is sticky sap on the bark.
Ragacsos nedv van a kérgen.
They collect sap from maple trees.
The bug drinks sap from the plant.
In spring, the sap moves inside the tree.
Честа грешка:
Learners sometimes confuse "sap" with "syrup." Sap is the raw liquid inside the tree; syrup is a sweet product made by boiling and concentrating sap.
Значение
Liquid inside plants
Колокации
tree sap
|maple sap
|sticky sap
|flow of sap
|sap rises
Синоними
plant juice (Informal description, not a standard technical term, but helps explain the idea to learners.)
Теми
nature
|biology
|food
|science
Определение
The liquid inside a plant or tree that carries water and food and sometimes feels sticky.
The watery, often sticky liquid that flows inside a plant or tree, carrying water and nutrients through its tissues.
СЪЩЕСТВИТЕЛНО
B2
INFORMAL
3
Модел на употреба:
be a sap
Don't be such a sap; you know he's lying to you.
Ne légy már ilyen balek; tudod, hogy hazudik neked.
He felt like a sap after lending her money again.
Baleknak érezte magát, miután megint pénzt adott kölcsön neki.
Only a real sap would fall for that obvious scam.
She played the sap and did all his work for him.
They treated him like a sap because he never said no.
Примери за учащи
I was a sap and believed his story.
Balek voltam, és elhittem a történetét.
Don't be a sap and give them your money.
Ne légy balek, és ne add oda nekik a pénzed.
He is such a sap; he does everything they ask.
She felt like a sap after the joke.
Only a sap would trust that email.
Честа грешка:
Learners may think "sap" in this sense is neutral, but it is negative and slightly insulting. It should not be used in formal writing.
Значение
Foolish or easily tricked person
Колокации
a real sap
|such a sap
|act like a sap
|play the sap
|feel like a sap
Синоними
sucker (Very informal; stronger feeling that the person is easily cheated.)
|
fool (More general and slightly more common; not always about being used by others.)
Антоними
skeptic (Someone who does not easily believe things, the opposite of a person who is easily tricked.)
Теми
people
|insults
|relationships
|daily_life
|communication
|core_vocabulary
Определение
A silly or weak person who lets other people use them or trick them.
An informal, slightly insulting word for a person who is foolish or easily tricked, used, or taken advantage of.
СЪЩЕСТВИТЕЛНО
C1
TECHNICAL
4
ólmosbot
C2
Модел на употреба:
hit [someone] with a sap
The guard was struck from behind with a sap.
Az őrt hátulról egy ólmosbottal ütötték le.
In old crime novels, detectives often carried a sap in their pocket.
A régi bűnügyi regényekben a detektívek gyakran ólmosbotot hordtak a zsebükben.
He pulled a sap from his coat and threatened the man.
The officer used a leather sap to subdue the attacker.
Carrying a sap is illegal in many places.
Примери за учащи
The thief hit the man with a sap.
A tolvaj ólmosbottal ütötte meg a férfit.
In the movie, the cop carries a sap.
A filmben a rendőr ólmosbotot hord magánál.
He pulled a sap from his bag.
The old detective uses a sap as a weapon.
A sap is a short, heavy club.
Значение
Short, heavy club weapon
Колокации
carry a sap
|swing a sap
|hit him with a sap
|rubber sap
|police sap
Синоними
blackjack (Very close in meaning; a common term in crime and police contexts.)
Теми
crime
|weapons
|law
|daily_life
Определение
A small, heavy stick or club that people use as a weapon to hit someone.
A short, heavy club, often made of leather and filled with lead or another weight, used as a handheld weapon to hit and knock someone out.
СЪЩЕСТВИТЕЛНО
C1
LITERARY
5
Модел на употреба:
the sap of [youth/life/spring]
The city seemed to lose the sap of life after the factories closed.
A város a gyárak bezárása után mintha elvesztette volna az életerejét.
The sap of youth was still strong in him despite his age.
Kora ellenére még mindig erősen élt benne az ifjúság életereje.
Spring returned, and with it the sap of new beginnings.
Her writing is full of the sap of everyday life.
The team played with all the sap and spirit of teenagers.
Примери за учащи
The young man is full of sap and life.
A fiatalember tele van életerővel és élettel.
The town lost its sap after the war.
A város a háború után elvesztette az életerejét.
Her music has the sap of youth.
Spring brings new sap and hope.
He writes with strong sap and energy.
Честа грешка:
Learners may confuse this with the everyday noun meaning of plant liquid. This sense is more abstract and mainly appears in literary or poetic contexts, often in fixed phrases like "the sap of youth."
Значение
Vitality or life energy
Колокации
the sap of youth
|full of sap
|fresh sap of life
|the sap of spring
|young sap and energy
Синоними
vitality (A more common and neutral word for strong life energy.)
Антоними
lethargy (Describes a state of low energy and lack of activity, the opposite of lively sap or vitality.)
Теми
emotions
|literature
|health
|core_vocabulary
Определение
Strong energy and life inside a person, used in more poetic or formal language.
Physical or mental energy and vitality that makes a person or thing lively and full of life, especially in poetic or literary style.
Граматика
Речникова форма
sap
IPA
GB/sˈæp/
US/sˈæp/
Срички и ударение
sap (1 сричка)
Stress on 1st syllable (sap)
Форми на думата
Noun
- Base: sap
- Plural: sap, saps
Verb
- Base: sap
- 3rd Person Singular: saps
- Present Participle: sapping
- Past: sapped
Семейство думи
Forms
saps
noun
sapping
verb
sapped
verb
Related words
sappy
adjective
Advanced or less common
sapper
noun
Граматични акценти
- Irregular present participle: sapping Verb
- Irregular past: sapped Verb
Изрази
a real sap
1/ə ɹˈil sˈæp/
fixed phrase
informal
Very easily used person
A very foolish or weak person who lets other people use them or trick them.
Примери
- He gave them money again? What a real sap.
- She felt like a real sap for believing his story twice.
don't be a sap
1/dˈoʊnt bˈi ə sˈæp/
fixed phrase
informal
Warning not to be naive
Used to tell someone not to be foolish or too easy to use or trick.
Примери
- Don't be a sap—check the details before you sign anything.
- Come on, don't be a sap; you know he only calls when he wants something.
maple sap
1/mˈeɪpəl sˈæp/
fixed phrase
Liquid from maple trees
The liquid taken from maple trees that is boiled to make maple syrup.
Примери
- They collect maple sap every spring to make syrup.
- Maple sap is clear and watery before it is cooked down.
sap someone's strength
1/sˈæp sˈʌmwˌʌnz stɹˈɛŋθ/
fixed phrase
Gradually weaken someone's strength
To slowly take away a person’s strength so they feel weak or tired.
Примери
- The heavy workload is starting to sap my strength.
- Weeks of illness had sapped her strength so much that she could barely stand.
sap the life out of
1/sˈæp ðə lˈaɪf ˈaʊt əv/
idiom
Take almost all energy away
To remove almost all the energy, excitement, or spirit from a person, place, or activity.
Примери
- The long delays sapped the life out of the crowd.
- Endless paperwork can sap the life out of a creative job.
tree sap
1/tɹˈi sˈæp/
fixed phrase
Liquid inside a tree
The liquid that flows inside a tree and carries water and food through it.
Примери
- There was sticky tree sap all over the car after it was parked under the pine.
- Kids love to touch tree sap, even though it is hard to wash off.