secular
gb/sˈɛkjəlɚ/ us/sˈɛkjəlɚ/
B2
Английски
~ 8600
világi, szekuláris, vallástól független, nem vallásos, nem egyházi, hosszú távú, egyházmegyés, világi személy
B2
1
Модел на употреба:
secular [institution/activity/state]
Many countries have a secular constitution that keeps religion separate from the legal system.
Sok országnak szekuláris alkotmánya van, amely elválasztja a vallást a jogrendszertől.
The school offers a secular curriculum with no formal religious instruction.
Az iskola világi tantervet kínál, hivatalos hitoktatás nélkül.
He prefers to keep his work life entirely secular, without any religious symbols or practices in the office.
In a secular society, religious groups have influence but do not control the state.
There is ongoing debate over whether public holidays should be religious or secular.
Примери за учащи
Canada is mostly a secular country.
Kanada alapvetően szekuláris ország.
The government in this country is secular, not religious.
Ebben az országban a kormány világi, nem vallási alapon működik.
My children go to a secular school with no prayer time.
The new law is based on secular ideas, not on any holy book.
They want a secular holiday that everyone can enjoy.
Честа грешка:
Learners sometimes think 'secular' means 'against religion', but it usually just means 'not connected with religion' or 'neutral about religion'. It is also sometimes confused with 'sacred', which actually has the opposite meaning.
Значение
not related to religion
Колокации
secular society
|secular state
|secular education
|secular government
|secular culture
|secular law
Синоними
nonreligious (More straightforward and slightly less formal; directly states that religion is not involved.)
|
lay (Often used in contrast with clergy or experts; overlaps but is less about institutions and more about status.)
Антоними
religious (Describes people, activities, or things that are based on or connected with religion.)
|
sacred (Emphasizes that something is holy or used for religious worship, the opposite of ordinary or secular use.)
Теми
religion
|society
|politics
|core_vocabulary
Определение
Not related to religion or the church, especially when talking about public life, schools, or government.
Not connected with religion, religious practice, or spiritual matters, especially when describing public life, institutions, or activities.
B2
2
nem vallásos
A2
Модел на употреба:
secular [person/family/society]
Although she grew up in a religious home, she now lives a largely secular life.
Bár vallásos családban nőtt fel, ma már nagyrészt vallás nélkül éli az életét.
The country has become more secular over the past few decades, with fewer people attending religious services.
Az ország az elmúlt néhány évtizedben egyre kevésbé vallásossá vált, és egyre kevesebben járnak vallási szertartásokra.
His parents are secular, but they still celebrate some religious holidays as cultural traditions.
Young people in the city tend to be more secular than those in rural areas.
They chose a secular ceremony for their wedding instead of a church service.
Примери за учащи
My family is secular, so we do not go to church.
A családom nem vallásos, ezért nem járunk templomba.
He says he is secular, but he respects all religions.
Azt mondja, nem vallásos, de minden vallást tiszteletben tart.
Many young people in this city are secular now.
They wanted a secular wedding without a priest.
In that country, the new generation is more secular than their grandparents.
Честа грешка:
Learners sometimes confuse 'secular' with 'atheist'. 'Secular' can describe people who simply do not practice religion in daily life, but they may still believe in God or have some religious identity.
Значение
not personally religious
Колокации
secular family
|secular lifestyle
|largely secular society
|increasingly secular
|secular values
|secular worldview
Синоними
nonreligious (Very close in meaning; focuses clearly on the lack of religious belief or practice.)
|
agnostic (More specific; usually means someone is unsure whether God exists, not just that they live a secular life.)
Антоними
devout (Stresses strong personal religious belief and practice, the opposite of a secular person or lifestyle.)
|
pious (Formal; emphasizes being deeply religious and showing it in behavior.)
Теми
religion
|society
|daily_life
|core_vocabulary
Определение
Describes people or groups who do not believe in or practice a religion, or do so very little.
Describing a person, group, or society that does not follow or practice a religion, or in which religion plays little role in daily life.
C1
FORMAL
3
világi
B2
nem egyházi
B1
Модел на употреба:
secular [authority/court/power]
The dispute was ultimately settled by the secular courts, not by church leaders.
A vitát végül világi bíróságok döntötték el, nem az egyházi vezetők.
During the Middle Ages, secular rulers often fought with the pope over political power.
A középkorban a világi uralkodók gyakran harcoltak a pápával a politikai hatalomért.
Under the new constitution, all secular authority is clearly separated from religious institutions.
He argued that secular law should always override religious rules in public matters.
Some countries still give religious courts power alongside secular courts.
Примери за учащи
The case went to a secular court, not a religious one.
Az ügy világi bíróság elé került, nem egyházi bíróság elé.
In this country, secular law is higher than church law.
Ebben az országban a világi jog az egyházi jog felett áll.
The king had both religious and secular power.
Today, secular authority is separate from church authority.
He works for the secular government, not for the church.
Честа грешка:
Learners sometimes use 'secular' when 'civil' is more natural in legal writing. Also, they may not realize this sense is about official power and law, not just about personal belief.
Значение
civil, not church-related
Колокации
secular authorities
|secular court
|secular law
|secular power
|secular ruler
|secular office
Синоними
civil (Widely used in law and politics; emphasizes non-military, non-religious public authority.)
Антоними
ecclesiastical (Formal; refers specifically to the church or its officials, the opposite of secular authority.)
Теми
politics
|law
|religion
Определение
Connected with the state or normal law, not with the church or religious leaders.
Relating to civil or state authority rather than to a church or religious authority, especially in legal or political contexts.
C1
TECHNICAL
4
szekuláris
C1
hosszú távú
B1
Модел на употреба:
secular [trend/change/stagnation]
Economists worry that the country may be facing secular stagnation rather than a temporary slowdown.
A közgazdászok attól tartanak, hogy az ország nem átmeneti lassulással, hanem szekuláris stagnálással néz szembe.
There has been a secular decline in newspaper readership over the past few decades.
Az elmúlt néhány évtizedben hosszú távú csökkenés figyelhető meg az újságolvasottságban.
Climate scientists distinguish between short-term weather variations and secular trends in global temperature.
The company has benefited from a secular shift toward online shopping.
Demographers study the secular trend toward smaller family sizes in developed countries.
Примери за учащи
There is a secular trend of more people living in cities.
Hosszú távú tendencia, hogy egyre több ember él városokban.
We must look at secular changes, not just this year’s data.
A hosszú távú változásokat kell vizsgálnunk, nem csak az idei adatokat.
Some economists say the low interest rates are a secular problem.
The secular growth of the internet has changed many jobs.
This is not a normal cycle; it is a secular decline.
Честа грешка:
Learners often think this sense of 'secular' is related to religion, but in economics and science it usually means 'long-term, not part of a regular cycle'. It should not be used to mean simply 'frequent' or 'modern'.
Значение
long-term, beyond short cycles
Колокации
secular trend
|secular stagnation
|secular growth
|secular decline
|secular change
|secular shift
Синоними
long-term (More general and less technical; does not always imply being independent of cycles, just lasting a long time.)
Антоними
cyclical (Describes movements that go up and down in regular cycles, the opposite of a secular trend that goes in one direction over the long term.)
Теми
economics
|science
|statistics
|finance
Определение
Describes a slow change that happens over many years and is not just a normal short-term up-and-down movement.
Relating to changes or trends that occur over a very long period of time and are not part of short-term or regular cycles, especially in economics, finance, and the natural sciences.
C2
FORMAL
5
világi
B2
egyházmegyés
C1
Модел на употреба:
secular [clergy/priest]
The bishop assigned several secular priests to serve the growing suburban parishes.
A püspök több világi papot rendelt a gyarapodó külvárosi plébániák szolgálatára.
Historically, there was tension between monastic orders and the secular clergy.
Történetileg feszültség volt a szerzetesrendek és a világi papság között.
He decided to become a secular priest rather than join a religious order.
The cathedral chapter was made up of secular canons who lived in the town.
Reforms were introduced to improve the education of the secular clergy.
Примери за учащи
He is a secular priest, not a monk.
Ő világi pap, nem szerzetes.
The church has both secular clergy and monks.
Az egyházban világi papok és szerzetesek is vannak.
In that time, secular priests worked in normal parishes.
Some secular clergy lived in the city and served many people.
She studies the history of secular clergy in Europe.
Честа грешка:
Learners sometimes think 'secular priest' means a priest who is not religious. In church language, it means a priest who does not belong to a monastic or religious order, not that he lacks faith.
Значение
clergy not in religious order
Колокации
secular clergy
|secular priest
|secular canons
|secular chapter
Синоними
diocesan (priest) (Specialized; used mainly inside the Catholic Church to describe priests who serve a diocese rather than a religious order.)
Антоними
religious (order) (Refers to monks, nuns, and others who belong to a religious order and live under its rules, not to secular clergy.)
Теми
religion
Определение
In the Christian church, describes priests who work in normal churches and communities and are not monks or members of a special religious group.
In Christian contexts, especially Catholic, describing clergy who work in the world and are not members of a monastic or religious order.
СЪЩЕСТВИТЕЛНО
C2
FORMAL
6
világi
B2
Модел на употреба:
a secular [in/within the church]
In the medieval university, both clerics and seculars studied side by side.
A középkori egyetemen klerikusok és világiak tanultak egymás mellett.
The council included bishops, abbots, and several influential seculars.
A tanácsban püspökök, apátok és több befolyásos világi személy is részt vett.
As a secular, he could not vote in certain church assemblies.
The monastery hired a secular to manage its lands and finances.
Some seculars later chose to enter religious life as monks or friars.
Примери за учащи
He was a secular, not a priest.
Ő világi személy volt, nem pap.
Many seculars worked for the church in the past.
A múltban sok világi dolgozott az egyháznak.
The book talks about both monks and seculars.
A secular could help the church but was not in the clergy.
Some seculars later became monks.
Честа грешка:
Learners rarely use this noun and may confuse it with the general adjective 'secular'. In modern English, 'layperson' is usually a better and clearer choice.
Значение
person who is not clergy
Колокации
a secular among clergy
|seculars and clergy
|monks and seculars
Синоними
layperson (More common modern term; clearly means someone who is not a member of the clergy or a specialist.)
Антоними
clergyman (Refers directly to a male member of the clergy, the opposite of a secular in this context.)
Теми
religion
|history
Определение
Someone who is not a priest, monk, or nun, especially in the Christian church.
A person who is not a member of the clergy or of a religious order, especially in historical or church contexts.
Граматика
Речникова форма
secular
IPA
GB/sˈɛkjəlɚ/
US/sˈɛkjəlɚ/
Срички и ударение
sec - u - lar (3 срички)
Stress on 1st syllable (sec)
Форми на думата
Adjective
- Base: secular
Семейство думи
Изрази
secular education
1/sˈɛkjəlɚ ˌɛd͡ʒəkˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
education without religious teaching
Schooling where religion is not taught as truth and is not a main part of the lessons or school rules.
Примери
- Public schools in that country provide secular education for all children.
- Some parents prefer religious schools, while others choose secular education.
- The reform aimed to create a modern, secular education system.
secular government
1/sˈɛkjəlɚ ɡˈʌvɚnmənt/
fixed phrase
government separate from religion
A government that makes laws and decisions without using religious rules and does not act as a religious authority.
Примери
- They want a secular government that represents citizens of all faiths and none.
- Under the new regime, a secular government replaced the old religious council.
- A truly secular government does not use any holy book as its source of law.
secular holiday
1/sˈɛkjəlɚ hˈɑlɪdˌeɪ/
fixed phrase
nonreligious public holiday
A holiday that is not created by a religion but by a country or society, often to remember a national event or person.
Примери
- Independence Day is a secular holiday, not a religious one.
- Some people celebrate both religious and secular holidays with their families.
- The government added a new secular holiday to mark the end of the war.
secular humanism
1/sˈɛkjəlɚ hjˈumənˌɪzəm/
fixed phrase
nonreligious human-centered worldview
A way of thinking that focuses on human reason, science, and human needs instead of religion to decide what is right and meaningful.
Примери
- He describes his beliefs as a form of secular humanism.
- Critics accuse the curriculum of promoting secular humanism over traditional religion.
- The organization promotes secular humanism and the separation of church and state.
secular music
1/sˈɛkjəlɚ mjˈuzɪk/
fixed phrase
nonreligious music
Music that is not written for church or other religious ceremonies, but for normal life, art, or entertainment.
Примери
- The choir performs both sacred and secular music.
- In the Renaissance, composers began writing more secular music for courts and cities.
- She prefers secular music to hymns and other church songs.
secular society
1/sˈɛkjəlɚ səsˈaɪəti/
fixed phrase
society with weak religious influence
A society where most public life, laws, and institutions are not controlled by religion, and many people are not very religious.
Примери
- In a secular society, religious beliefs are usually treated as private matters.
- Many European countries today are considered largely secular societies.
- They are debating what it means to live in a truly secular society.
secular state
1/sˈɛkjəlɚ stˈeɪt/
fixed phrase
state neutral on religion
A country whose government does not officially support or reject any religion and keeps religion separate from state power.
Примери
- The constitution defines the country as a secular state with freedom of religion.
- Activists are calling for a secular state where no religion is given special rights.
- India is officially a secular state, even though religion is very important in society.