data
gb/dˈætə/ us/dˈætə/
B1
Английски
Значения
0 значения
Съществително
B1
abstract
1
facts used to understand something
information and facts you can study or use.
Модел на употреба:
data on/about [topic]
Честа грешка:
In general English, data is often treated as uncountable (data is/was). Avoid *a data*; say a piece of data or a data point.
Синоними
information (broader and less analytical.)
|
facts (emphasizes truth rather than measurement.)
Антоними
misinformation (false or misleading information.)
|
guesswork (decisions made without evidence.)
Колокации
collect data
|analyze data
|data on
|data about
|look at the data
|reliable data
|accurate data
|recent data
|data shows
|data suggests
Теми
education
|media
|daily_life
Примери
- We don’t have enough data to say whether the policy worked.
- The report includes data on housing costs across the city.
- Please check the data before you publish the chart.
Примери за учащи
- We need more data.
- The data is correct.
Съществително
B1
entity
2
digital information used by computers
information that computers use, like files and numbers.
Модел на употреба:
store/process/transmit data
Честа грешка:
Don’t confuse data (information) with a device: a database stores data; it is not data itself.
Синоними
information (less specifically digital.)
Антоними
paperwork (information kept on paper rather than digitally.)
Колокации
store data
|process data
|transfer data
|data file
|data storage
|data system
|data center
|data backup
|data recovery
|data transfer
Теми
technology
|computing
|internet
Примери
- The app saves your data in the cloud.
- We encrypted the data before sending it over the network.
- If you delete the folder, you may lose important data.
Примери за учащи
- My phone stores a lot of data.
- Back up your data.
Съществително
technical
B2
abstract
3
measurements from research or tests
results you collect in a study or experiment.
Модел на употреба:
data from [experiment/study/survey]
Честа грешка:
In academic writing, you may see plural agreement (these data are). In everyday English, singular agreement (the data is) is common.
Синоними
results (focuses on outcomes rather than the collected measurements themselves.)
|
statistics (often implies numerical summary or analysis.)
Антоними
anecdote (a single story rather than systematic evidence.)
Колокации
collect data
|record data
|raw data
|experimental data
|survey data
|clinical data
|data set
|data analysis
|data quality
|publish data
Теми
science
|education
|health
Примери
- The researchers collected data from 500 participants.
- The data shows a clear increase in average temperatures.
- We need to clean the data before we run the analysis.
Примери за учащи
- We collected data in the lab.
- The data supports the idea.
Съществително
formal
B2
entity
4
information about a person
details that can identify a person.
Модел на употреба:
personal data about [someone]; collect/use/share personal data
Честа грешка:
Personal data is not only financial information; it can include email addresses, location data, or device IDs.
Синоними
personal information (more everyday and less legal-sounding.)
Антоними
anonymous data (information that does not identify a person.)
Колокации
personal data
|sensitive data
|protect data
|share data
|sell data
|data privacy
|data consent
|handle data
|store data securely
|data retention
Теми
law
|technology
|privacy
|business
Примери
- The company says it does not sell users’ personal data.
- You can request a copy of the personal data we hold about you.
- We removed names to reduce the risk of exposing personal data.
Примери за учащи
- Do not share personal data online.
- This form asks for personal data.
Съществително
technical
B2
entity
5
a collected set of information
a group of data kept together.
Модел на употреба:
a data set of [things]; a data set for [purpose]
Честа грешка:
Dataset/data set refers to a collection; data alone can be general information without a defined set.
Синоними
collection (general word; not necessarily structured.)
Антоними
single value (one item rather than a collection.)
Колокации
large data set
|training data
|test data
|data set
|labelled data
|balanced data
|share data
|download data
|merge data
|filter data
Теми
technology
|education
|business
Примери
- The team released a data set of traffic counts by street.
- We combined two data sets to get a fuller picture.
- This model performs well on the training data but poorly on new data.
Примери за учащи
- We downloaded a data set.
- This data set is very large.
Съществително
business
B2
abstract
6
information used for business decisions
information a business uses to make decisions.
Модел на употреба:
customer/sales/market data; use data to [do something]
Честа грешка:
Data in this sense usually means evidence from systems or research, not personal opinions.
Синоними
metrics (usually specific measured numbers used to track performance.)
|
figures (often refers to numbers in reports.)
Антоними
hunch (a feeling not based on evidence.)
Колокации
customer data
|sales data
|market data
|data insights
|data strategy
|data team
|use data
|data dashboard
|data reporting
|data metrics
Теми
business
|marketing
|technology
Примери
- The marketing team used customer data to improve targeting.
- Our sales data suggests demand is slowing in April.
- They built a dashboard to track key data in real time.
Примери за учащи
- We use data to plan.
- Sales data looks good this month.
Съществително
formal
C1
quantity
7
individual pieces of information (formal)
separate facts or results (formal use).
Модел на употреба:
these data; the data are [adjective]
Честа грешка:
In formal writing, data may take a plural verb (data are). In everyday English, singular (data is) is more common.
Синоними
findings (emphasizes conclusions drawn from data.)
Антоними
assumption (something accepted without evidence.)
Колокации
these data
|the data are
|data indicate
|data support
|data points
|observed data
|collected data
|reported data
|available data
|incomplete data
Теми
education
|science
|writing
Примери
- These data are consistent with earlier studies.
- The data indicate a strong relationship between the variables.
- Not all the data were available at the time of publication.
Примери за учащи
- These data are important.
- The data are incomplete.
Съществително
B1
quantity
8
internet usage on a phone plan
the internet you can use on your phone plan.
Модел на употреба:
use up [amount] of data; run out of data; a data plan
Честа грешка:
Data in this sense is usually uncountable; say How much data do I have left? not *How many datas*.
Синоними
internet allowance (explains the idea but is less common.)
Антоними
Wi‑Fi (internet access via a local wireless network rather than a mobile data plan.)
Колокации
use data
|save data
|run out of data
|data plan
|data allowance
|data usage
|unlimited data
|data roaming
|turn off data
|data limit
Теми
technology
|daily_life
|telecommunications
Примери
- I ran out of data before the end of the month.
- Streaming video can use a lot of data.
- You can turn off data to avoid extra charges while traveling.
Примери за учащи
- I don’t have much data left.
- This plan has unlimited data.
Граматика
Изрази
big data
1/bˈɪɡ dˈætə/
fixed phrase
technical
very large complex datasets
very large amounts of data that need special analysis.
Примери
- Retailers use big data to predict what customers will buy.
- The project relies on big data from millions of sensors.
- Big data analysis can reveal patterns that are hard to see otherwise.
data breach
1/dˈætə bɹˈit͡ʃ/
fixed phrase
formal
unauthorized access to data
when someone gets private data without permission.
Примери
- The hospital reported a data breach affecting thousands of patients.
- After the data breach, customers were advised to change their passwords.
- The company faces fines because it failed to prevent a data breach.
data entry
1/dˈætə ˈɛntɹi/
fixed phrase
business
typing information into a system
putting information into a computer.
Примери
- She does data entry for the accounts department.
- The form reduces errors by automating some data entry.
- We outsourced data entry to save time.
data mining
1/dˈætə mˈaɪnɪŋ/
fixed phrase
technical
finding patterns in large data
searching data to find useful patterns.
Примери
- The team used data mining to detect fraudulent transactions.
- Data mining can help identify which products are often bought together.
- They built tools for data mining customer reviews.
data mining
2/dˈætə mˈaɪnɪŋ/
fixed phrase
technical
Analyzing large datasets for patterns
Looking at a lot of data to find useful information.
Примери
- Data mining is used by online stores to recommend products.
- Data mining helps detect fraud in banking.
data point
1/dˈætə pˈɔɪnt/
fixed phrase
one individual value or fact
one piece of data.
Примери
- One data point doesn’t prove the trend, but it’s worth noting.
- We removed a data point that was clearly an error.
- Each dot on the chart represents a data point.
data protection
1/dˈætə pɹətˈɛkʃən/
fixed phrase
formal
keeping data safe and private
keeping information safe from misuse.
Примери
- Staff receive training on data protection and privacy.
- The new policy strengthens data protection for children’s accounts.
- Good data protection reduces the risk of leaks and fraud.
data-driven
1/dˈætə dɹˈɪvən/
fixed phrase
business
based on data and analysis
using data to make decisions.
Примери
- They took a data-driven approach to improving customer support.
- Our hiring process is more data-driven than it used to be.
- Data-driven decisions can reduce bias, but only if the data is reliable.
open data
1/ˈoʊpən dˈætə/
fixed phrase
formal
publicly available data to use
data that anyone can use.
Примери
- The city published open data on public transport delays.
- Open data can help journalists and researchers check official claims.
- They built an app using open data from government websites.