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انگلیسی

liable

gb/lˈaɪəbəl/ us/lˈaɪəbəl/
B2 انگلیسی
~ 5400
معنی‌ها
۰ معنی
adjective formal C1 property
1

Legally responsible for something

Responsible by law for something bad that happens, often having to pay money for it.

الگوی کاربرد: liable for [something]
اشتباه رایج:
Learners often confuse "liable" with "reliable." "Liable" means legally responsible, while "reliable" means that you can trust someone or something. Another common mistake is using the wrong preposition: in legal contexts, use "liable for [something]" (e.g. "liable for damages"), not "liable to damages."
هم‌معنی‌ها
legally responsible (More explicit and slightly longer; clearly states the legal aspect.) | answerable (Can be legal or moral; not always about money or court cases.)
متضادها
exempt (Emphasizes being officially free from a legal duty or payment that others must meet.)
ترکیب‌های رایج
held liable |liable for damages |liable for negligence |personally liable |strictly liable |jointly liable
موضوع‌ها
law |business |finance
نمونه‌ها
  • The court found the company liable for the customer's injuries.
  • Under the contract, the supplier is liable for any defects in the products.
  • Parents can be held liable for damage caused by their minor children.
  • If you sign this agreement, you will be liable for all repair costs.
  • The landlord was not liable for items left in the hallway.
نمونه‌های زبان‌آموزی
  • The driver was liable for the car accident.
  • The hotel is liable for things that are stolen from the safe.
  • In this country, employers are liable for workplace accidents.
  • If you break it, you are liable for the cost.
  • The company is liable for any harm caused by its products.
adjective B2 property
2

Likely to do something bad

Likely to do something, especially something bad or not wanted.

الگوی کاربرد: liable to [do something]
اشتباه رایج:
Learners sometimes use "liable" when "likely" would sound more natural in modern English. "Liable to" is often used for negative or unwanted results ("liable to break"), while "likely to" works for both good and bad outcomes. Also avoid saying "liable that"; use "liable to [do]" instead.
هم‌معنی‌ها
likely (More general and neutral; does not carry the same slight negative or problematic tone as "liable to" often does.) | prone (Very similar, but often used for habits or repeated behavior rather than single events.)
متضادها
unlikely (Direct opposite in terms of probability; suggests something probably will not happen.)
ترکیب‌های رایج
liable to forget |liable to make mistakes |liable to say the wrong thing |liable to cause problems |liable to change |liable to be late
موضوع‌ها
daily life |probability |core_vocabulary
نمونه‌ها
  • He's liable to forget your birthday if you don't remind him.
  • That old laptop is liable to crash if you open too many programs.
  • Be careful what you say; she's liable to take it the wrong way.
  • The weather here is liable to change very quickly.
  • If you push him too hard, he's liable to quit.
نمونه‌های زبان‌آموزی
  • He is liable to be late for meetings.
  • This cheap phone is liable to break soon.
  • The train is liable to arrive late in bad weather.
  • She is tired, so she is liable to make mistakes.
  • If you eat too fast, you are liable to feel sick.
adjective B2 property
3

Prone or susceptible to something

Easily affected by something, like an illness or damage.

الگوی کاربرد: liable to [something]
اشتباه رایج:
Learners sometimes confuse this with the "likely to do something" sense. Here, the subject usually does not actively do the action, but is affected by it ("liable to infection" = infection happens to them). Also, use a noun after "liable to" in this sense, not a verb (say "liable to injury," not "liable to injure" when you mean they might be injured).
هم‌معنی‌ها
prone (Very close in meaning; often used for physical or emotional tendencies ("prone to headaches").) | susceptible (Sounds slightly more formal and technical, common in medical or scientific contexts.)
متضادها
resistant (Used especially when something does not easily suffer from a problem, damage, or disease.)
ترکیب‌های رایج
liable to injury |liable to infection |liable to damage |liable to corrosion |liable to error |liable to flooding
موضوع‌ها
health |science |daily life
نمونه‌ها
  • Children are more liable to infection than adults.
  • This material is very liable to damage if it gets wet.
  • The region is liable to flooding after heavy rain.
  • Older buildings are especially liable to earthquake damage.
  • Some people are more liable to error when they are under pressure.
نمونه‌های زبان‌آموزی
  • My skin is liable to sunburn.
  • Old cars are liable to rust.
  • This road is liable to flooding in winter.
  • He is weak and liable to illness.
  • The glass is thin and liable to break.
adjective formal C1 property
4

Legally subject to tax or penalty

Having to pay a tax or possibly receive a legal punishment according to the law.

الگوی کاربرد: liable to [tax/penalty]
اشتباه رایج:
Learners may mix this with the more general "liable to" = "likely to" meaning. In legal or official texts, "liable to" followed by words like "tax," "fine," or "imprisonment" usually means "legally subject to," not just "likely to." Also, be careful not to say "liable for tax to"; use "liable to tax" or "liable for tax" consistently, depending on the style of the text.
هم‌معنی‌ها
subject to (Common in legal and official writing; slightly broader, can be used outside law as well.)
متضادها
exempt from (Used when a person or thing does not have to pay a tax or face a penalty that would normally apply.)
ترکیب‌های رایج
liable to tax |liable to income tax |liable to a fine |liable to imprisonment |liable to prosecution |liable to arrest
موضوع‌ها
law |finance |government
نمونه‌ها
  • All imported goods are liable to tax at the standard rate.
  • Anyone who commits fraud is liable to imprisonment under this law.
  • Certain benefits are not liable to income tax.
  • Drivers caught speeding may be liable to a substantial fine.
  • Foreign nationals without a visa are liable to deportation.
نمونه‌های زبان‌آموزی
  • In this country, all workers are liable to income tax.
  • If you park here, you are liable to a fine.
  • Smoking in this area is liable to a heavy penalty.
  • The company is liable to prosecution if it breaks the safety rules.
  • The products are liable to customs duty at the border.
دستور زبان
صورت پایه
liable
IPA
GB/lˈaɪəbəl/
US/lˈaɪəbəl/
هجاها و تکیه
li - able (۲ هجا)
Stress on 1st syllable (li)
صورت‌های واژه
Adjective
  • Base: liable
خانوادهٔ واژه
Core family
liability noun B2
عبارت‌ها

be held liable

1
/bˈi hˈɛld lˈaɪəbəl/
fixed phrase formal

Be officially found responsible

To be officially decided, usually by a court or authority, to be legally responsible for something bad that happened.

نمونه‌ها
  • The manufacturer was held liable after the product caused serious injuries.
  • If the data is leaked, the company could be held liable under privacy laws.
  • The landlord was held liable for failing to repair the broken stairs.

hold someone liable

1
/hˈoʊld sˈʌmwˌʌn lˈaɪəbəl/
fixed phrase formal

Decide someone is legally responsible

To officially say that a person or group must accept legal responsibility for something bad that happened.

نمونه‌ها
  • The court held the surgeon liable for the patient's death.
  • The tenants argue that the building owner should be held liable for the fire.
  • Regulators may hold the company liable for any environmental damage.

liable for damages

1
/lˈaɪəbəl fɚ dˈæmɪd͡ʒɪz/
fixed phrase formal

Responsible for paying compensation

Legally required to pay money to someone because you caused loss, injury, or harm.

نمونه‌ها
  • The firm was found liable for damages after the data breach.
  • If you break the contract, you may be liable for damages.
  • The insurance company is liable for damages up to $50,000.

liable for tax

1
/lˈaɪəbəl fɚ tˈæks/
fixed phrase formal

Required to pay tax

Having to pay a particular tax according to the law.

نمونه‌ها
  • Most employees are liable for tax on their salaries.
  • Scholarships may not be liable for tax in some countries.
  • Foreign income can be liable for tax in your home country.

liable to tax

1
/lˈaɪəbəl tə tˈæks/
fixed phrase formal

Legally subject to taxation

In a group of things that the government can legally tax.

نمونه‌ها
  • Pension payments are liable to tax at the normal rate.
  • Certain benefits are not liable to tax under this scheme.
  • All interest earned may be liable to tax in your country of residence.

personally liable

1
/pˈɚsənəli lˈaɪəbəl/
fixed phrase formal

Individually responsible with own money

Responsible with your own money and property, not just through a company or organization.

نمونه‌ها
  • As a sole trader, you are personally liable for all business debts.
  • Directors can be personally liable if they act dishonestly.
  • Without limited liability, investors would be personally liable for company losses.

strictly liable

1
/stɹˈɪktli lˈaɪəbəl/
fixed phrase technical

Liable even without proving fault

Legally responsible for harm even if nobody can show that you were careless or did something wrong.

نمونه‌ها
  • In some product cases, manufacturers are strictly liable for defects.
  • The company is strictly liable for pollution caused by its pipeline.
  • Owners of dangerous animals may be strictly liable for any injuries.
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