انگلیسی

plume

gb/plˈum/ us/plˈum/
B2 انگلیسی
معنی‌ها
۰ معنی
اسم B2 entity
1

a large decorative feather

a big feather used for decoration

الگوی کاربرد: [a] plume; plumes on [something]
اشتباه رایج:
Learners sometimes confuse plume (/pluːm/) with plum (/plʌm/), the fruit.
هم‌معنی‌ها
feather (More general; plume often suggests large or decorative.) | aigrette (A decorative feather plume, especially on a hat (more specific and less common).)
ترکیب‌های رایج
ostrich plume |a plume of feathers |a white plume |a scarlet plume |plumes on a helmet |a plumed hat |a plumed headdress |wear a plume |decorated with plumes |a plume in your cap
موضوع‌ها
nature |clothing_fashion |arts_culture
نمونه‌ها
  • Her hat was trimmed with a bright red plume.
  • The guards wore helmets with tall white plumes.
  • The dancer’s costume included a fan of black plumes.
نمونه‌های زبان‌آموزی
  • The hat has a large plume.
  • He wore a plume on his helmet.
اسم B2 entity
2

a column of smoke or steam

a long cloud of smoke or steam

الگوی کاربرد: a plume of [smoke/steam/dust/ash] (from [place])
اشتباه رایج:
Learners may use cloud when a narrow, rising shape is meant; plume often implies a streaming or rising column.
هم‌معنی‌ها
column (Emphasizes a tall vertical shape; less natural for drifting smoke.) | trail (Emphasizes something left behind moving objects (e.g., planes), not necessarily rising.) | cloud (More general; plume suggests a narrower, streaming shape.)
ترکیب‌های رایج
a plume of smoke |a plume of steam |a plume of ash |a dust plume |a volcanic plume |a smoke plume |a toxic plume |a plume rises |a plume drifted |a plume from the chimney
موضوع‌ها
environment |weather |science
نمونه‌ها
  • A dark plume of smoke rose from the warehouse.
  • The rocket left a bright plume of flame and exhaust.
  • A plume of ash drifted over the town after the eruption.
نمونه‌های زبان‌آموزی
  • I saw a plume of smoke.
  • Steam rose in a white plume.
اسم C1 entity
3

a feather-like tuft or spray

a soft, feather-like shape

الگوی کاربرد: a plume of [hair/spray/water]
اشتباه رایج:
Learners may overuse plume for any spray of liquid; it usually suggests a light, feathery shape.
هم‌معنی‌ها
tuft (Often smaller and more compact than a plume.) | spray (Focuses on droplets; plume focuses on the shape.) | crest (Often refers to hair or a ridge-like top; plume suggests softness/featheriness.)
ترکیب‌های رایج
a plume of hair |a plume of water |a plume of spray |a feathery plume |a plume-like tuft |grass plumes |plumes of sea spray
موضوع‌ها
daily_life |nature
نمونه‌ها
  • He had a plume of hair falling over his forehead.
  • A plume of water shot up from the fountain.
  • The ornamental grass produces pale plumes in late summer.
نمونه‌های زبان‌آموزی
  • She has a plume of hair.
  • A plume of water rose up.
فعل C1 process
4

to rise or stream like smoke

to rise like a long cloud of smoke

الگوی کاربرد: [smoke/steam/dust] plumes (from/out of) [place]; [something] plumes into/through [place]
اشتباه رایج:
Learners may use plume as a synonym of smoke; plume is about the shape and movement, not the substance itself.
هم‌معنی‌ها
billow (Often suggests thicker, rolling movement rather than a narrow stream.) | stream (More general and less visual; plume highlights a feathered, trailing shape.) | rise (General upward movement without the specific shape implied by plume.)
متضادها
settle (Move downward and become still rather than rising/spreading.)
ترکیب‌های رایج
smoke plumed |steam plumed |ash plumed |dust plumed |plume from the vents |plume out of the chimney |plume into the sky |plume across the valley
موضوع‌ها
environment |weather |science
نمونه‌ها
  • Steam plumed from the street vents in the cold air.
  • Smoke plumed out of the engine compartment.
  • Dust plumed behind the truck as it sped along the dirt road.
نمونه‌های زبان‌آموزی
  • Smoke plumed into the air.
  • Steam plumed from the kettle.
فعل formal C1 state
5

to feel proud of yourself

to feel proud about something you did

الگوی کاربرد: [someone] plumes [themself] on [something]
اشتباه رایج:
This verb is usually reflexive (plume yourself/himself/themselves) and commonly followed by on + noun/gerund.
هم‌معنی‌ها
pride yourself on (More common and more neutral; plume yourself on can sound more literary or critical.) | congratulate yourself on (Often implies self-satisfaction; can be more explicit than plume.)
متضادها
regret (Feel sorry about something rather than proud of it.) | be ashamed of (Feel embarrassment instead of pride.)
ترکیب‌های رایج
plume yourself on |plume himself on |plume herself on |plume themselves on |plume yourself on your success |plume himself on being honest |plume herself on her good taste
موضوع‌ها
emotions |social_relations
نمونه‌ها
  • He plumed himself on his attention to detail.
  • She plumed herself on never being late.
  • They plumed themselves on their reputation for fairness.
نمونه‌های زبان‌آموزی
  • He plumed himself on his work.
  • She plumed herself on being careful.
دستور زبان
صورت پایه
plume
IPA
GB/plˈum/
US/plˈum/
هجاها و تکیه
plume (۱ هجا)
Stress on 1st syllable (plume)
صورت‌های واژه
Noun
  • Base: plume
  • Plural: plumes
Verb
  • Base: plume
  • 3rd Person Singular: plumes
  • Present Participle: pluming
  • Past: plumed
خانوادهٔ واژه
Forms
plumes noun pluming verb plumed verb
Core family
plumage noun C1
عبارت‌ها

in full plume

1
/ˈɪn fˈʊl plˈum/
fixed phrase literary

fully adorned or displayed

wearing/showing very decorative feathers

نمونه‌ها
  • The peacock was in full plume, turning slowly in the sunlight.
  • The parade featured riders in full plume and bright uniforms.
  • She arrived in full plume, dressed up for the opening night.

plume up

1
/plˈum ˈʌp/
phrasal verb

fluff out feathers

(a bird) makes its feathers stand out

نمونه‌ها
  • The sparrow plumed up against the cold.
  • The rooster plumed up and strutted around the yard.
  • At the feeder, the small birds would plume up when a cat appeared.

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