bum
gb/bˈʌm/ us/bˈʌm/
B1
Anglų
fenék, csöves, naplopó, lejmol, pocsék, rossz
DAIKTAVARDIS
B1
INFORMAL
1
fenék
A2
Vartosenos šablonas:
on [someone]'s bum
I slipped on the ice and landed on my bum.
Megcsúsztam a jégen, és a fenekemre estem.
The bike seat made my bum sore after an hour.
Egy óra után fájt a fenekem a bicikliüléstől.
He plopped down on his bum and refused to move.
Mokymuisi skirti pavyzdžiai
I fell on my bum.
A fenekemre estem.
My bum hurts from sitting.
Fáj a fenekem az üléstől.
Dažna klaida:
Don’t use this word in very formal situations; use “buttocks” instead.
Reikšmė
the buttocks
Kolokacijos
sit on your bum
|fall on your bum
|land on your bum
|get off your bum
|kick in the bum
|pain in my bum
|cold bum
Sinonimai
butt (Very common and informal, especially in American English.)
|
backside (Slightly more polite and common in British English.)
|
rear (More neutral/euphemistic.)
Temos
body
|daily_life
Apibrėžimas
the two round parts you sit on
A person’s buttocks.
DAIKTAVARDIS
B2
SLANG
2
csöves
B2
Vartosenos šablonas:
a bum (on/at/by [place])
He used to call anyone sleeping outside a bum, which I thought was harsh.
Régebben mindenkit, aki kint aludt, csövesnek nevezett, amit én durvának tartottam.
People complained about bums hanging around the station.
Az emberek panaszkodtak, hogy csövesek lézengenek az állomás környékén.
A bum asked me for spare change outside the store.
Mokymuisi skirti pavyzdžiai
A homeless man asked for money.
Egy hajléktalan férfi pénzt kért.
Dažna klaida:
Because it can sound insulting, use “homeless person” in polite conversation.
Reikšmė
a homeless person
Kolokacijos
a street bum
|a bum on the corner
|a bum in the park
|drunks and bums
Sinonimai
homeless person (Neutral and preferred in polite speech.)
|
vagrant (More formal and less insulting.)
Antonimai
homeowner (Opposite in terms of having stable housing.)
Temos
society
|people
Apibrėžimas
a homeless person (can sound rude)
A homeless person who lives by begging or sleeping in public places; often used as a negative label and can be offensive.
DAIKTAVARDIS
B2
SLANG
3
naplopó
B2
Vartosenos šablonas:
a bum
Stop being a bum and help with the dishes.
Ne légy már naplopó, inkább segíts mosogatni.
He called his brother a bum for never keeping a job.
Naplopónak nevezte a bátyját, amiért az sosem tudott megtartani egy állást.
I felt like a bum after sleeping until noon.
Mokymuisi skirti pavyzdžiai
Don’t be a bum.
Ne légy naplopó.
Dažna klaida:
This is usually an insult; avoid using it to describe people you don’t know well.
Reikšmė
a lazy, worthless person
Kolokacijos
lazy bum
|a total bum
|such a bum
|don’t be a bum
|acting like a bum
Sinonimai
slacker (Less harsh; focuses on avoiding work.)
|
deadbeat (Stronger; suggests not paying debts or supporting family.)
Antonimai
hard worker (A person who works diligently.)
|
go-getter (Someone energetic and ambitious.)
Temos
people
|work
|emotions
Apibrėžimas
a lazy person (insult)
A lazy or irresponsible person, especially someone who does not work and relies on others; an insult.
VEIKSMAŽODIS
B2
INFORMAL
4
lejmol
B2
Vartosenos šablonas:
bum [something] (off [someone])
Can I bum a cigarette off you?
Lejmolhatok tőled egy cigit?
He’s always bumming money from his roommates.
Állandóan pénzt lejmol a lakótársaitól.
We forgot lunch, so we bummed some chips from a friend.
Mokymuisi skirti pavyzdžiai
Can I bum a ride?
El tudnál vinni?
Dažna klaida:
In this sense, “bum” is about getting things free; it doesn’t mean “sit down.”
Reikšmė
get something for free
Kolokacijos
bum a cigarette
|bum a smoke
|bum some cash
|bum a few bucks
|bum a ride
|bum a beer
|bum food
|bum money off a friend
Sinonimai
cadge (More British-sounding; slightly literary/old-fashioned.)
|
scrounge (Often implies repeatedly getting things free.)
|
mooch (Suggests taking advantage of others; more negative.)
Antonimai
buy (To pay for something.)
|
pay (To give money in exchange.)
Temos
daily_life
|social
|money
Apibrėžimas
to ask for and get something without paying
To get something from someone for free, usually by asking or borrowing casually.
B2
INFORMAL
5
pocsék
B1
Vartosenos šablonas:
a bum [noun]
We had a bum time because it rained the whole weekend.
Pocsékul telt a hétvégénk, mert végig esett az eső.
Missing the train was bum luck.
Pech volt, hogy lekéstük a vonatot.
That’s a bum excuse for being late.
Mokymuisi skirti pavyzdžiai
It was a bum day.
Pocsék nap volt.
Dažna klaida:
This meaning is common in American English (e.g., “bum luck”). It does not mean “homeless” here.
Reikšmė
bad or disappointing
Kolokacijos
bum luck
|bum deal
|bum trip
|bum experience
|a bum day
|a bum choice
Sinonimai
lousy (Very common informal synonym.)
|
crummy (Similar meaning; casual, often American.)
|
rotten (Stronger and more emotional.)
Antonimai
great (Very good; enjoyable.)
|
excellent (Very high quality.)
Temos
emotions
|daily_life
Apibrėžimas
bad; not good
Bad, disappointing, or unpleasant.
B2
INFORMAL
6
rossz
A1
Vartosenos šablonas:
a bum [body part/thing]
I can’t run right now—I’ve got a bum knee.
Most nem tudok futni – rossz a térdem.
The car wouldn’t start because it had a bum battery.
Az autó nem indult, mert rossz volt az akkumulátora.
She sat out the game with a bum ankle.
Mokymuisi skirti pavyzdžiai
I have a bum knee.
Rossz a térdem.
Dažna klaida:
Often used before a noun (e.g., “a bum knee,” “a bum printer”).
Reikšmė
injured or not working
Kolokacijos
bum knee
|bum leg
|bum shoulder
|bum ankle
|bum arm
|a bum back
|a bum engine
|a bum phone
Sinonimai
bad (More general; less vivid.)
|
injured (More formal; used mainly for people/body parts.)
|
broken (Stronger; suggests it doesn’t work at all.)
Antonimai
healthy (Not injured; in good condition.)
|
working (Functioning properly (for machines/things).)
Temos
health
|daily_life
Apibrėžimas
hurt or broken; not working well
Injured, or not working properly.
Gramatika
Pagrindinė forma
bum
IPA
GB/bˈʌm/
US/bˈʌm/
Skiemenys ir kirčiavimas
bum (1 skiemuo)
Stress on 1st syllable (bum)
Žodžio formos
Adjective
- Base: bum
Noun
- Base: bum
- Plural: bums
Verb
- Base: bum
- 3rd Person Singular: bums
- Present Participle: bumming
- Past: bummed
Žodžių šeima
Forms
bums
noun
bumming
verb
bummed
verb
Core family
bummer
noun
Posakiai
bum a ride
1/bˈʌm ə ɹˈaɪd/
fixed phrase
informal
get a free ride
to ask someone to drive you for free
Pavyzdžiai
- Can I bum a ride to the station?
- We bummed a ride from a coworker after the party.
- He always tries to bum a ride instead of taking the bus.
Mokymuisi skirti pavyzdžiai
- Can I bum a ride?
bum around
1/bˈʌm ɚˈaʊnd/
phrasal verb
informal
spend time doing nothing
to relax and do nothing in particular
Pavyzdžiai
- We bummed around the house all weekend.
- After finals, he just wanted to bum around for a few days.
- They spent the afternoon bumming around downtown.
Mokymuisi skirti pavyzdžiai
- I want to bum around this weekend.
bum deal
1/bˈʌm dˈil/
fixed phrase
informal
an unfair outcome
a situation that is unfair to someone
Pavyzdžiai
- She got a bum deal and ended up doing all the work.
- It’s a bum deal, but we can’t change the policy.
- Getting fined for that felt like a bum deal.
Mokymuisi skirti pavyzdžiai
- That’s a bum deal.
bum out
1/bˈʌm ˈaʊt/
phrasal verb
informal
make someone feel sad
to make someone feel unhappy; to feel unhappy
Pavyzdžiai
- The cancellation really bummed me out.
- Don’t let one bad comment bum you out.
- She was bummed out about missing the concert.
Mokymuisi skirti pavyzdžiai
- I’m bummed out today.
bum rap
1/bˈʌm ɹˈæp/
fixed phrase
informal
an unfair accusation
unfair blame
Pavyzdžiai
- That restaurant gets a bum rap—it’s actually pretty good.
- He took a bum rap for something he didn’t do.
- Small cars sometimes get a bum rap for being unsafe.
bum steer
1/bˈʌm stˈɪɹ/
fixed phrase
informal
misleading advice
advice that is wrong and confusing
Pavyzdžiai
- Someone gave me a bum steer, and I ended up at the wrong office.
- I’m not saying she lied—maybe she just got a bum steer too.
- The online directions were a bum steer.
get off your bum
1/ɡˈɛt ˈɔf jˈʊɹ bˈʌm/
idiom
informal
stop being lazy
start doing something; don’t be lazy
Pavyzdžiai
- Get off your bum and help me carry these boxes.
- I finally got off my bum and cleaned the kitchen.
- If you want the job, you need to get off your bum and apply.
Mokymuisi skirti pavyzdžiai
- Get off your bum and study.