notwithstanding
gb/nˌɑtwɪθstˈændɪŋ/ us/nˌɑtwɪθstˈændɪŋ/
C1
Anglų
ellenére, dacára, bár, annak ellenére, hogy, ennek ellenére, mindazonáltal, függetlenül
C1
FORMAL
1
Vartosenos šablonas:
notwithstanding [noun/gerund] / [noun] notwithstanding
Notwithstanding the rain, the match went ahead.
Az eső ellenére a meccset megtartották.
He kept smiling, the tension notwithstanding.
A feszültség ellenére továbbra is mosolygott.
Notwithstanding her lack of experience, she did an excellent job.
Mokymuisi skirti pavyzdžiai
Notwithstanding the traffic, we arrived on time.
A forgalom ellenére időben megérkeztünk.
Notwithstanding his cold, he went to work.
A megfázása ellenére elment dolgozni.
Dažna klaida:
Often confused with “therefore”; it actually introduces a contrast (like “despite”), not a result.
Reikšmė
despite; in spite of
Kolokacijos
notwithstanding the fact
|notwithstanding the challenges
|notwithstanding the risk
|notwithstanding his efforts
|notwithstanding their objections
|notwithstanding the delay
|notwithstanding the cost
|the difficulties notwithstanding
|notwithstanding strong evidence
|notwithstanding public criticism
Sinonimai
despite (More common and neutral than “notwithstanding”.)
|
in spite of (Slightly longer and often less formal.)
|
regardless of (Emphasizes ignoring a factor rather than overcoming it.)
Antonimai
because of (Gives a reason rather than a contrast.)
|
due to (More formal way to express cause, not contrast.)
Temos
writing
|argumentation
|law
Apibrėžimas
It means “despite” or “in spite of”.
Used to say that something happens or is true even though there is a particular fact, situation, or difficulty.
C1
FORMAL
2
bár
B1
Vartosenos šablonas:
notwithstanding (that) [clause]
Notwithstanding that the budget was cut, the project stayed on track.
Bár csökkentették a költségvetést, a projekt a tervek szerint haladt.
Notwithstanding what the report suggests, demand is rising.
Bár a jelentés mást sugall, a kereslet növekszik.
Notwithstanding that she felt nervous, she spoke clearly.
Mokymuisi skirti pavyzdžiai
Notwithstanding that it was cold, we went out.
Bár hideg volt, kimentünk.
Dažna klaida:
Avoid using it like “however” with a comma; it usually introduces a full clause directly (often with “that”).
Reikšmė
although; despite the fact that
Kolokacijos
notwithstanding that
|notwithstanding what
|notwithstanding how
|notwithstanding the fact that
|notwithstanding that it was late
|notwithstanding that he apologized
|notwithstanding that she agreed
Sinonimai
although (Most common clause linker for contrast.)
|
even though (Slightly more emphatic and more conversational.)
Antonimai
because (Introduces a reason rather than a contrast.)
|
since (Often gives a cause/explanation, not a concession.)
Temos
writing
|argumentation
|law
Apibrėžimas
It means “although” and connects two clauses.
Used to introduce a clause that contrasts with the main clause, meaning “although” or “despite the fact that”.
C1
FORMAL
3
Vartosenos šablonas:
[statement]. Notwithstanding, [statement].
The plan is risky; notwithstanding, it may be our best option.
A terv kockázatos; ennek ellenére talán ez a legjobb lehetőségünk.
It’s an expensive solution. Notwithstanding, it would save time.
Ez egy drága megoldás. Ennek ellenére időt takarítana meg.
He had missed several deadlines; notwithstanding, the team supported him.
Mokymuisi skirti pavyzdžiai
It was difficult. Notwithstanding, we finished.
Nehéz volt. Ennek ellenére befejeztük.
Dažna klaida:
Less common than “however” or “nevertheless” in this adverb use; it can sound stiff in everyday conversation.
Reikšmė
nevertheless; even so
Kolokacijos
notwithstanding,
|notwithstanding this
|notwithstanding that
|notwithstanding it all
Sinonimai
nevertheless (More common in modern writing.)
|
however (Very common and more flexible in placement.)
|
still (More informal and conversational.)
Antonimai
therefore (Signals a result rather than a contrast.)
|
consequently (Formal result marker, opposite of concessive contrast.)
Temos
writing
|argumentation
Apibrėžimas
It means “nevertheless” or “even so”.
Used to say that something is true or happens despite what was just mentioned; nevertheless.
C2
LEGAL
4
függetlenül
C1
Vartosenos šablonas:
Notwithstanding [other provision/law], [this clause applies].
Notwithstanding any other provision of this agreement, either party may terminate for fraud.
A jelen megállapodás bármely más rendelkezésétől függetlenül bármelyik fél jogosult a megállapodást csalás esetén felmondani.
Notwithstanding the limitations in Section 4, the customer may request a refund within 30 days.
A 4. szakaszban foglalt korlátozásoktól függetlenül az ügyfél 30 napon belül visszatérítést kérhet.
Notwithstanding applicable law, the parties agree to arbitrate all disputes.
Dažna klaida:
Do not treat it as a simple synonym of “however” in legal drafting; it is often meant to create an explicit override.
Reikšmė
legal: overrides conflicting rules
Kolokacijos
notwithstanding any other provision
|notwithstanding the foregoing
|notwithstanding the above
|notwithstanding anything to the contrary
|notwithstanding applicable law
|notwithstanding section
|notwithstanding clause
|notwithstanding the provisions of
Sinonimai
despite (Similar meaning, but usually less explicit as an override marker in legal drafting.)
Antonimai
subject to (Signals that a rule is limited by or depends on another rule.)
Temos
legal
|business
|contracts
Apibrėžimas
In contracts, it means “this rule applies even if something else says different”.
In legal or contract language, used to state that a clause applies even if another law, rule, or contract provision would otherwise conflict with it.
Gramatika
Pagrindinė forma
notwithstanding
IPA
GB/nˌɑtwɪθstˈændɪŋ/
US/nˌɑtwɪθstˈændɪŋ/
Skiemenys ir kirčiavimas
not - with - stand - ing (4 skiemenys)
Stress on 3rd syllable (stand)
Žodžio formos
Noun
- Base: notwithstanding
- Plural: notwithstandings
Žodžių šeima
Forms
notwithstandings
noun
Related words
withstand
verb B2
Posakiai
[noun phrase] notwithstanding
1/nˈaʊn fɹˈeɪz nˌɑtwɪθstˈændɪŋ/
fixed phrase
formal
despite that thing (after noun)
It means “despite”, placed after the noun.
Pavyzdžiai
- His repeated apologies notwithstanding, she refused to speak to him.
- The delays notwithstanding, the product launched on schedule.
- The criticism notwithstanding, the article was widely shared.
Mokymuisi skirti pavyzdžiai
- The rain notwithstanding, we played.
notwithstanding anything to the contrary
1/nˌɑtwɪθstˈændɪŋ ˈɛniθˌɪŋ tə ðə kˈɑntɹɛɹi/
fixed phrase
legal
legal: even if others conflict
In legal writing: “even if something else says the opposite”.
Pavyzdžiai
- Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, the company may audit the records at any time.
- Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, late fees will not be charged during the trial period.
notwithstanding the above
1/nˌɑtwɪθstˈændɪŋ ðə əbˈʌv/
fixed phrase
business
despite the points above
It means “even with what I said above”.
Pavyzdžiai
- Notwithstanding the above, we recommend proceeding with the pilot.
- Notwithstanding the above, please submit the form by Friday.
notwithstanding the foregoing
1/nˌɑtwɪθstˈændɪŋ ðə fɔɹɡˈoʊɪŋ/
fixed phrase
legal
legal: despite what was just said
It means “despite what was just written above”.
Pavyzdžiai
- Notwithstanding the foregoing, the supplier may suspend service for nonpayment.
- Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this section limits liability for willful misconduct.