parasite
gb/pˈɛɹəsˌaɪt/ us/pˈɛɹəsˌaɪt/
B2
Anglų
~ 7800
parazita, élősködő, ingyenélő, adjunktum, szabad bővítmény
DAIKTAVARDIS
B2
1
Vartosenos šablonas:
a parasite on [an animal / a plant / a person]
The disease is caused by a tiny parasite that lives in the bloodstream.
A betegséget egy apró parazita okozza, amely a véráramban él.
Mosquitoes can carry a malaria parasite from one person to another.
A szúnyogok egyik emberről a másikra vihetik át a maláriát okozó parazitát.
The vet found an intestinal parasite in the dog’s stool and prescribed treatment.
Some plants act as parasites, stealing water and nutrients from the trees they grow on.
Mokymuisi skirti pavyzdžiai
This fish has a small parasite on its skin.
Ennek a halnak egy apró parazita él a bőrén.
The doctor said a parasite was living in his stomach.
Az orvos azt mondta, hogy egy parazita él a gyomrában.
Some parasites live inside the body, and some live on the skin.
A parasite needs a host to live and grow.
Dažna klaida:
Learners sometimes use 'parasite' to refer to any germ or microbe. In biology, a parasite is specifically an organism that lives on or in a host and gets nutrients from it, while terms like 'bacteria' or 'virus' refer to different kinds of microorganisms, not all of which are parasites.
Reikšmė
organism living on a host
Kolokacijos
intestinal parasite
|internal parasite
|external parasite
|parasitic infection
|host and parasite
|blood parasite
Sinonimai
organism (More general; refers to any living thing, not only those that live on a host.)
|
pathogen (A disease-causing agent; overlaps when the parasite makes the host sick, but not all parasites are pathogens.)
Antonimai
host (The organism that supports and is used by the parasite, the opposite role in the relationship.)
Temos
biology
|health
|environment
|science
|animals
Apibrėžimas
A small animal or plant that lives on or inside another living thing and takes food from it, usually hurting it.
An organism that lives on or inside another living organism (its host), taking nutrients from it and usually causing harm.
DAIKTAVARDIS
B2
INFORMAL
2
Vartosenos šablonas:
[someone] is a parasite on [someone/something]
He’s no partner, he’s a parasite who lives off her hard work.
Nem igazi társ, hanem élősködő, aki az ő kemény munkájából él.
Many people see corrupt officials as parasites on the state budget.
Sokan az állami költségvetésen élősködő parazitáknak tartják a korrupt tisztviselőket.
She refused to support what she called 'parasites on society' who never try to find work.
They treated him like a parasite, even though he was trying hard to improve his situation.
Mokymuisi skirti pavyzdžiai
His brother does not work and just takes his money, so he calls him a parasite.
A fiútestvére nem dolgozik, és csak az ő pénzén él, ezért élősködőnek nevezi.
They think the company’s leaders are parasites on the workers.
Úgy gondolják, hogy a cég vezetői a munkásokon élősködő paraziták.
She does not want to be a parasite and always tries to pay her own way.
Some people say rich tax cheats are parasites on society.
Dažna klaida:
Learners sometimes use 'parasite' for any lazy person. In this sense it is usually stronger and more insulting, suggesting someone lives off others over a long time and is seen as morally wrong, not just occasionally lazy.
Reikšmė
person living off others unfairly
Kolokacijos
a parasite on society
|social parasite
|financial parasite
|political parasite
|live like a parasite
|treat [someone] like a parasite
Sinonimai
freeloader (Informal; focuses on someone who always lets others pay or do the work.)
|
sponger (Informal, especially British; suggests someone who regularly borrows or takes money or support.)
|
leech (Strongly negative; emphasizes that the person drains others emotionally or financially.)
Antonimai
contributor (Positive; describes someone who gives effort, money, or help instead of only taking.)
Temos
social
|insults
|relationships
|finance
|core_vocabulary
Apibrėžimas
Someone who lives from other people’s money or help and does not give anything back, in a way people think is wrong or selfish.
A person who continuously takes money, help, or other benefits from others without giving anything useful back, and is seen as exploiting them.
DAIKTAVARDIS
C1
TECHNICAL
3
adjunktum
C2
Vartosenos šablonas:
a parasite in [this / that] sentence
In this analysis, the adverbial is treated as a parasite that does not affect the core argument structure.
Ebben az elemzésben a határozói elemet olyan adjunktumként kezelik, amely nem befolyásolja az alapvető argumentumszerkezetet.
Some older grammar theories use the term 'parasite' for elements that attach to a sentence without being selected by the verb.
Egyes régebbi nyelvtani elméletek a „parazita” kifejezést használják azokra az adjunktumokra, amelyek úgy kapcsolódnak a mondathoz, hogy az ige nem vonzza őket.
The author classifies certain parenthetical phrases as parasites rather than as true complements.
Mokymuisi skirti pavyzdžiai
The teacher said this extra phrase is a parasite in the sentence.
A tanár azt mondta, hogy ez a plusz kifejezés adjunktum a mondatban.
In this grammar book, a parasite is a word we can remove without breaking the sentence.
Ebben a nyelvtankönyvben az adjunktum olyan szó, amelyet elhagyhatunk anélkül, hogy a mondat nyelvtanilag hibássá válna.
Linguists sometimes call optional parts of a sentence parasites.
Dažna klaida:
Most learners never meet this specialized sense. It should not be used in everyday speech to talk about grammar; common terms like 'extra phrase' or 'adjunct' are usually clearer.
Reikšmė
optional but non-core sentence element
Kolokacijos
linguistic parasite
|parasitic construction
|classify as a parasite
Sinonimai
adjunct (Technical grammar term; more common than 'parasite' in modern descriptions for optional sentence elements.)
Antonimai
complement (In grammar, a word or phrase that is required by another word to make the sentence structure complete, the opposite of an optional element.)
Temos
linguistics
|grammar
|education
|communication
Apibrėžimas
In grammar studies, a word or phrase that is not needed for the basic sentence to be correct, but can be added for extra meaning.
In linguistics, a word or phrase in a sentence that is not grammatically required by any other part of the sentence but can be added without breaking grammatical rules.
Gramatika
Pagrindinė forma
parasite
IPA
GB/pˈɛɹəsˌaɪt/
US/pˈɛɹəsˌaɪt/
Skiemenys ir kirčiavimas
para - site (2 skiemenys)
Stress on 1st syllable (para)
Žodžio formos
Noun
- Base: parasite
- Plural: parasites
Žodžių šeima
Forms
parasites
noun
Core family
parasitic
adjective C1
Related words
parasitism
noun
parasitize
verb
Advanced or less common
parasitically
adverb
parasitology
noun
parasitologist
noun
Posakiai
a parasite on society
1/ə pˈɛɹəsˌaɪt ˈɔn səsˈaɪəti/
idiom
person living off society unfairly
A person or group that takes money or help from society and does not give anything good back.
Pavyzdžiai
- They called the corrupt business owners a parasite on society.
- Many people see large companies that avoid taxes as a parasite on society.
external parasite
1/ɪkstˈɚnəl pˈɛɹəsˌaɪt/
fixed phrase
technical
parasite living on the surface
A parasite that lives on the outside of the body, like on the skin or hair.
Pavyzdžiai
- Fleas and ticks are common external parasites of dogs and cats.
- The textbook explains the difference between internal and external parasites.
intestinal parasite
1/ɪntˈɛstɪnəl pˈɛɹəsˌaɪt/
fixed phrase
technical
parasite living in the intestine
A small animal or germ that lives inside the stomach or intestines of a person or animal and takes food from them.
Pavyzdžiai
- The doctor tested the patient for an intestinal parasite after he reported stomach pain.
- Poor sanitation in the area led to a high rate of intestinal parasites among children.
social parasite
1/sˈoʊʃəl pˈɛɹəsˌaɪt/
fixed phrase
person exploiting others socially
Someone who uses other people or the social system to live, and does not give anything back.
Pavyzdžiai
- He was labeled a social parasite because he refused to work and lived off his relatives.
- In the movie, the main character is a clever social parasite who always finds someone to pay his bills.