glum
gb/ɡlˈʌm/ us/ɡlˈʌm/
B2
ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ
kedvetlen, levert, mogorva, duzzogó, borús, lehangoló
B2
1
ਵਰਤੋਂ ਦਾ ਢਾਂਚਾ:
[someone] looks/feels glum
He was glum after reading the email.
Az e-mail elolvasása után kedvetlen lett.
She gave a glum little nod and went back to work.
Kedvetlenül biccentett egyet, aztán visszament dolgozni.
The kids were glum when the trip got cancelled.
ਸਿਖਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ ਲਈ ਉਦਾਹਰਨਾਂ
I feel glum today.
Ma kedvetlen vagyok.
He looks glum.
Kedvetlennek látszik.
ਆਮ ਗਲਤੀ:
Don’t confuse glum (sad) with gloomy (often about places/weather) or glam (stylish).
ਅਰਥ
sad and lacking cheer
ਸ਼ਬਦ-ਜੋੜ
look glum
|feel glum
|a glum expression
|a glum face
|a glum mood
|a glum smile
|sit glumly
|sound glum
|turn glum
|seem glum
ਸਮਾਨਾਰਥਕ ਸ਼ਬਦ
sad (more general and more common.)
|
unhappy (often focuses on dissatisfaction as well as sadness.)
|
downcast (suggests a visibly low mood.)
|
gloomy (often stronger; can also describe atmosphere or outlook.)
ਵਿਲੋਮ ਸ਼ਬਦ
cheerful (showing happiness and optimism.)
|
bright (lively and positive in mood or expression.)
ਵਿਸ਼ੇ
emotions
|daily_life
ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਾ
sad and not cheerful
Looking or feeling unhappy, with little energy or cheerfulness.
C1
2
ਵਰਤੋਂ ਦਾ ਢਾਂਚਾ:
[someone] is glum (because/of/after [something])
He went glum and stopped answering questions.
Mogorva lett, és nem válaszolt többé a kérdésekre.
She stayed glum all evening after the argument.
A veszekedés után egész este mogorva maradt.
The team was glum in the locker room, barely speaking.
ਸਿਖਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ ਲਈ ਉਦਾਹਰਨਾਂ
He is glum because he is angry.
Mogorva, mert mérges.
She became glum and quiet.
Mogorva és csendes lett.
ਆਮ ਗਲਤੀ:
Glum can mean ‘sullen’ (annoyed and silent), not only ‘sad.’
ਅਰਥ
sullen and unwilling to talk
ਸ਼ਬਦ-ਜੋੜ
a glum silence
|glum and quiet
|glum and withdrawn
|glum teenager
|glum refusal
|glumly ignore [someone]
|sit glumly
|remain glum
|go glum
|look glumly at [someone/something]
ਸਮਾਨਾਰਥਕ ਸ਼ਬਦ
sullen (more clearly linked to annoyance; less about sadness.)
|
moody (suggests changing moods; can be less specific.)
|
sulky (often used for childish or immature behavior.)
ਵਿਲੋਮ ਸ਼ਬਦ
friendly (open and willing to engage with others.)
|
talkative (willing to speak and interact.)
ਵਿਸ਼ੇ
emotions
|relationships
|communication
ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਾ
quietly angry and not talking much
Quietly angry or annoyed, and not wanting to talk or take part.
C1
3
ਵਰਤੋਂ ਦਾ ਢਾਂਚਾ:
a glum [day/place/room/outlook]
It was a glum, rainy afternoon with low clouds.
Borús, esős délután volt, alacsony felhőkkel.
The meeting ended on a glum note after the budget news.
A költségvetési hírek után a megbeszélés lehangoló hangulatban ért véget.
They drove through a glum industrial district at dusk.
ਸਿਖਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ ਲਈ ਉਦਾਹਰਨਾਂ
The weather is glum today.
Ma borús az idő.
ਅਰਥ
dark and depressing in atmosphere
ਸ਼ਬਦ-ਜੋੜ
a glum day
|glum weather
|a glum room
|a glum atmosphere
|a glum outlook
|a glum forecast
ਸਮਾਨਾਰਥਕ ਸ਼ਬਦ
gloomy (the most common word for dark or depressing atmosphere.)
|
dreary (emphasizes dullness and lack of brightness or interest.)
ਵਿਲੋਮ ਸ਼ਬਦ
bright (full of light or a positive feel.)
|
uplifting (making you feel happier or more hopeful.)
ਵਿਸ਼ੇ
emotions
|weather
|travel
|arts
ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਾ
making you feel sad or depressed
Creating a gloomy or depressing feeling, especially in a situation or atmosphere.
ਵਿਆਕਰਨ
ਸ਼ਬਦਕੋਸ਼ੀ ਰੂਪ
glum
IPA
GB/ɡlˈʌm/
US/ɡlˈʌm/
ਸਿਲੇਬਲ ਅਤੇ ਜ਼ੋਰ
glum (1 ਸਿਲੇਬਲ)
Stress on 1st syllable (glum)
ਸ਼ਬਦ ਰੂਪ
Adjective
- Base: glum
- Comparative: glummer
- Superlative: glummest
ਸ਼ਬਦ ਪਰਿਵਾਰ
ਅਭਿਵੈਕਤੀਆਂ
be glum about
1/bˈi ɡlˈʌm əbˈaʊt/
fixed phrase
be unhappy about something
to be sad about something
ਉਦਾਹਰਨਾਂ
- They were glum about the delay but accepted it.
- He’s glum about his exam score.
- She sounded glum about moving away.
ਸਿਖਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ ਲਈ ਉਦਾਹਰਨਾਂ
- I am glum about the news.
feel glum
1/fˈil ɡlˈʌm/
fixed phrase
feel sad or low
to feel sad
ਉਦਾਹਰਨਾਂ
- I felt glum after the weekend ended.
- He’s been feeling glum since the breakup.
- She felt glum but tried to stay busy.
ਸਿਖਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ ਲਈ ਉਦਾਹਰਨਾਂ
- I feel glum.
- She feels glum today.
get the glums
1/ɡˈɛt ðə ɡlˈʌmz/
fixed phrase
informal
become sad and sulky
to start feeling sad and sulky
ਉਦਾਹਰਨਾਂ
- He gets the glums whenever it rains for days.
- Don’t get the glums—there will be other chances.
- She got the glums after the call and went quiet.
ਸਿਖਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ ਲਈ ਉਦਾਹਰਨਾਂ
- I get the glums in winter.
have the glums
1/hˈæv ðə ɡlˈʌmz/
fixed phrase
informal
be in a sulky mood
to feel sad and sulky
ਉਦਾਹਰਨਾਂ
- Don’t worry—he just has the glums today.
- I had the glums all morning, then I went for a run.
- She’s got the glums because her plans fell through.
ਸਿਖਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ ਲਈ ਉਦਾਹਰਨਾਂ
- He has the glums today.
look glum
1/lˈʊk ɡlˈʌm/
fixed phrase
appear sad or unhappy
to look sad
ਉਦਾਹਰਨਾਂ
- You look glum—what happened?
- She looked glum when she heard the result.
- He looked glum and avoided eye contact.
ਸਿਖਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ ਲਈ ਉਦਾਹਰਨਾਂ
- You look glum.
- I look glum today.