superfluous
gb/sˈupɚfluəs/ us/sˈupɚfluəs/
C1
อังกฤษ
~ 7200
felesleges
C1
FORMAL
1
felesleges
B1
รูปแบบการใช้:
superfluous [noun]
The last chapter felt superfluous and added nothing to the main argument.
Please avoid superfluous details and keep your report to two pages.
Several positions became superfluous after the company introduced the new software system.
Any further comments would be superfluous, as the decision has already been made.
The decorations were beautiful but completely superfluous for such a small meeting.
ตัวอย่างสำหรับผู้เรียน
Delete any superfluous words from your essay.
These extra chairs are superfluous; we only need four.
His long story was full of superfluous information.
The new machine made some old tools superfluous.
In this short email, jokes are superfluous.
ข้อผิดพลาดที่พบบ่อย:
Learners sometimes confuse "superfluous" with "superficial". "Superfluous" means something is more than needed and therefore unnecessary; "superficial" means something is only on the surface or not deep. Learners also sometimes use "superfluous" in very casual speech where "extra" or "not needed" would sound more natural.
ความหมาย
More than needed; unnecessary
คำที่ใช้ร่วมกัน
superfluous detail
|superfluous information
|superfluous words
|superfluous staff
|superfluous step
|render [something] superfluous
คำพ้องความหมาย
unnecessary (More common and neutral; used in both formal and informal situations.)
|
redundant (Often used for repeated or no-longer-needed things, especially in writing or jobs.)
|
excess (Emphasizes having more than the desired or allowed amount, sometimes with a negative tone.)
|
needless (Slightly formal and judgmental, suggesting something should clearly have been avoided.)
คำตรงข้าม
necessary (Direct opposite; describes something that must be there or must be done.)
|
essential (Stronger than "necessary"; means absolutely required for something to work or exist.)
|
indispensable (Very strong formal opposite; stresses that something cannot be removed or replaced.)
หัวข้อ
work
|communication
|society
|core_vocabulary
คำจำกัดความ
More than you need, so not really necessary.
More than is needed or wanted, and therefore unnecessary.
ไวยากรณ์
รูปคำในพจนานุกรม
superfluous
IPA
GB/sˈupɚfluəs/
US/sˈupɚfluəs/
พยางค์และการเน้นเสียง
su - per - flu - ous (4 พยางค์)
Stress on 1st syllable (su)
รูปคำ
Adjective
- Base: superfluous
กลุ่มคำที่เกี่ยวข้อง
Core family
superfluously
adverb C1
Advanced or less common
superfluity
noun
วลีและสำนวน
be superfluous to requirements
1/bˈi sˈupɚfluəs tə ɹɪkwˈaɪɹmənts/
fixed phrase
formal
Not needed for what is required
To not be needed for the job, plan, or situation.
ตัวอย่าง
- Anyone without advanced coding skills is likely to be superfluous to requirements on this project.
- The extra reports were superfluous to requirements and were never even read.
render [something] superfluous
1/ɹˈɛndɚ sˈʌmθɪŋ sˈupɚfluəs/
fixed phrase
formal
Cause something to be unnecessary
To make something not needed anymore.
ตัวอย่าง
- Online banking has rendered many local branches superfluous.
- The new safety system rendered the old alarms superfluous overnight.