inclusion
gb/ɪŋklˈuʒən/ us/ɪŋklˈuʒən/
B2
อังกฤษ
~ 6100
ความหมาย
0 ความหมาย
คำนาม
B2
state
1
the state of being included
The state of being part of a group, list, or whole thing.
รูปแบบการใช้:
the inclusion of [something/someone] (in [something])
ข้อผิดพลาดที่พบบ่อย:
Learners sometimes confuse the noun "inclusion" with the preposition "including" and say things like *"I like many sports, inclusion football"*. Use "including" in that sentence (*"I like many sports, including football"*) and use "inclusion" mainly after articles or with "of" or "in" (e.g. "the inclusion of football on the list").
คำพ้องความหมาย
involvement (suggests active participation rather than simply being counted as part of a group.)
|
incorporation (more formal and often used for things being added into systems, documents, or structures.)
คำตรงข้าม
exclusion (direct opposite; means leaving someone or something out of a group or whole.)
|
omission (focuses on something not being included, often by accident or choice.)
คำที่ใช้ร่วมกัน
inclusion of [minorities]
|inclusion of [details]
|inclusion in the list
|full inclusion
|membership and inclusion
|inclusion within the group
หัวข้อ
society
|business
|education
|communication
|core_vocabulary
ตัวอย่าง
- Her inclusion in the shortlist came as a surprise.
- The price includes breakfast, and the inclusion of free Wi‑Fi is a nice bonus.
- The report argues for the inclusion of more case studies.
- We celebrated his inclusion in the national team.
- The inclusion of references at the end makes the article more reliable.
ตัวอย่างสำหรับผู้เรียน
- Her inclusion in the team made her very happy.
- The inclusion of photos makes the book more interesting.
- We asked for the inclusion of our names on the list.
- The teacher explained the inclusion of this topic in the course.
- The inclusion of extra examples helped the students.
คำนาม
formal
C1
action
2
ensuring equal participation for all
Efforts to make sure all people, especially people who are often left out, can take part fully and feel respected.
รูปแบบการใช้:
inclusion of [groups] in [area/activity]
ข้อผิดพลาดที่พบบ่อย:
Learners often think "inclusion" here only means having different types of people present. In modern use, it also strongly means that people feel safe, respected, and able to speak and act freely. "Diversity" is who is in the room; "inclusion" is how they are treated.
คำพ้องความหมาย
inclusivity (very close in meaning but slightly more informal and often used to describe the general quality of an environment.)
|
integration (focuses on bringing different groups together, sometimes after separation or discrimination.)
คำตรงข้าม
marginalization (describes the process of pushing groups to the edge of society, the opposite of bringing them in.)
|
discrimination (stresses unfair treatment that prevents full participation, which inclusion tries to fix.)
คำที่ใช้ร่วมกัน
diversity and inclusion
|social inclusion
|promote inclusion
|commitment to inclusion
|workplace inclusion
|policies on inclusion
หัวข้อ
society
|politics
|business
|education
|work
|relationships
ตัวอย่าง
- The company has made inclusion a core part of its culture.
- New laws aim to improve the inclusion of people with disabilities in public life.
- Effective inclusion requires more than just hiring diverse staff; it also needs a welcoming environment.
- The conference will focus on inclusion in higher education.
- Their office created an inclusion task force to review internal policies.
ตัวอย่างสำหรับผู้เรียน
- Many schools talk about inclusion of all students.
- Good managers care about inclusion at work.
- The government plans new programs for social inclusion.
- Inclusion means everyone can join and feel safe.
- She leads training on diversity and inclusion.
คำนาม
B2
entity
3
an item that is included
Something that is part of a package, offer, or list.
รูปแบบการใช้:
[an/one] inclusion in [package/list]
ข้อผิดพลาดที่พบบ่อย:
Learners may overuse this countable sense and say things like *"The inclusion of Wi‑Fi"* when a simpler word like "Wi‑Fi is included" or "Wi‑Fi is a feature" is more natural. Use this sense mainly in written information about packages, tours, or contracts.
คำพ้องความหมาย
feature (focuses on a special or attractive part of a product or service.)
|
component (more technical; suggests a part that helps make up a larger system.)
คำตรงข้าม
exclusion (a thing that is specifically not included in a package or list.)
|
omission (a thing that has been left out, often unintentionally.)
คำที่ใช้ร่วมกัน
standard inclusions
|optional inclusions
|package inclusions
|tour inclusions
|new inclusions
|list of inclusions
หัวข้อ
business
|travel
|contracts
|daily_life
ตัวอย่าง
- Airport transfers are a welcome inclusion in the tour price.
- Breakfast is listed as an inclusion, but lunch is extra.
- The new streaming service has some impressive inclusions for the basic plan.
- The hotel brochure clearly explains all inclusions and exclusions.
- Free technical support is now an inclusion in the standard contract.
ตัวอย่างสำหรับผู้เรียน
- Dinner is an inclusion in the price of the trip.
- Wi‑Fi is a useful inclusion in the room.
- Please check the inclusions before you buy the package.
- Parking is not an inclusion in this offer.
- The inclusions are written on the back of the ticket.
คำนาม
technical
C1
entity
4
material trapped inside another material
A small piece of one material that is trapped inside a different material, for example inside a crystal or stone.
รูปแบบการใช้:
an inclusion in [rock/metal/crystal]
คำพ้องความหมาย
impurity (suggests the inclusion is unwanted or reduces purity, which is not always implied by "inclusion".)
|
embedded particle (describes the physical situation but is less standard as a technical term.)
คำตรงข้าม
purity (describes a material without foreign particles or inclusions.)
คำที่ใช้ร่วมกัน
mineral inclusions
|gas inclusions
|solid inclusions
|inclusions in the crystal
|metal inclusions
|impurity inclusions
หัวข้อ
science
|geology
|materials
ตัวอย่าง
- The diamond contains tiny mineral inclusions that help identify its origin.
- Under the microscope, several gas inclusions can be seen in the glass sample.
- Amber often preserves insect inclusions from millions of years ago.
- The quality of the steel was reduced by non‑metallic inclusions.
- Geologists study fluid inclusions to understand ancient temperatures and pressures.
ตัวอย่างสำหรับผู้เรียน
- The stone has many small inclusions inside it.
- Scientists looked at the inclusions in the rock under a microscope.
- An insect inclusion was found in the piece of amber.
- There are gas inclusions in this piece of glass.
- Non‑metallic inclusions can make the metal weaker.
คำนาม
technical
C2
relation
5
relation of one set contained in another
In mathematics, the idea that every element of one set is also in another set.
รูปแบบการใช้:
the inclusion of [set A] in [set B]
ข้อผิดพลาดที่พบบ่อย:
Learners sometimes confuse the symbol for inclusion (⊆) with equality (＝). If A ⊆ B, A can be smaller than B or equal to B, depending on the definition being used in that course.
คำพ้องความหมาย
subset relation (more explicit about sets; commonly used in teaching.)
|
containment (general term for one set containing another; not limited to formal set theory.)
คำตรงข้าม
disjointness (describes sets that share no elements, which is incompatible with inclusion.)
คำที่ใช้ร่วมกัน
set inclusion
|proper inclusion
|strict inclusion
|inclusion map
|inclusion relation
|partial order by inclusion
หัวข้อ
mathematics
|logic
|science
|education
ตัวอย่าง
- The inclusion of set A in set B is written as A ⊆ B.
- By inclusion, every natural number is also an integer.
- We define a partial order on these subsets by inclusion.
- This function is simply the canonical inclusion of the subgroup into the group.
- The diagram illustrates the inclusion of open intervals in the real line.
ตัวอย่างสำหรับผู้เรียน
- In set theory, inclusion means one set is inside another set.
- The teacher wrote A ⊆ B to show inclusion of A in B.
- The inclusion of natural numbers in real numbers is easy to see.
- We compare these sets using inclusion.
- The arrow on the diagram shows the inclusion of this set into the bigger set.
ไวยากรณ์
รูปคำในพจนานุกรม
inclusion
IPA
GB/ɪŋklˈuʒən/
US/ɪŋklˈuʒən/
พยางค์และการเน้นเสียง
in - clu - sion (3 พยางค์)
Stress on 2nd syllable (clu)
รูปคำ
Noun
- Base: inclusion
- Plural: inclusion, inclusions
กลุ่มคำที่เกี่ยวข้อง
Forms
inclusions
noun
Related words
Negative and opposite forms
Advanced or less common
exclusionary
adjective
วลีและสำนวน
digital inclusion
1/dˈɪd͡ʒɪtəl ɪŋklˈuʒən/
fixed phrase
formal
ensuring access to digital tech
Efforts to make sure all people can use the internet and digital tools, not only rich or urban groups.
ตัวอย่าง
- The charity runs classes to support digital inclusion for older adults.
- Rural areas still face big barriers to digital inclusion.
- Digital inclusion is essential for equal access to online education.
diversity and inclusion
1/dɪvˈɚsɪti ˈænd ɪŋklˈuʒən/
fixed phrase
formal
having diversity and true inclusion
The idea that an organization should have people from many different groups and also make sure they all feel welcome and can join in.
ตัวอย่าง
- Many companies now have diversity and inclusion departments.
- The report criticizes the university's poor record on diversity and inclusion.
- Training on diversity and inclusion is mandatory for all managers.
diversity, equity, and inclusion
1/dɪvˈɚsɪti | ˈɛkwɪti | ˈænd ɪŋklˈuʒən/
fixed phrase
formal
diversity, fairness, and inclusion focus
A set of ideas in workplaces and schools about having different groups of people, treating them fairly, and helping them all feel they belong.
ตัวอย่าง
- The university created a new diversity, equity, and inclusion office.
- Some shareholders questioned the cost of diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives.
- Her job title is Vice President for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion.
financial inclusion
1/fɪnˈænʃəl ɪŋklˈuʒən/
fixed phrase
formal
access to basic financial services
Making sure that all people, especially poor or rural people, can use services like banks, payments, and loans.
ตัวอย่าง
- Mobile banking has greatly improved financial inclusion in rural areas.
- The report highlights low levels of financial inclusion among women.
- Financial inclusion is central to the country's development strategy.
inclusion criteria
1/ɪŋklˈuʒən kɹaɪtˈɪɹiə/
fixed phrase
technical
rules for who can be included
The rules that say who can join a research study, medical trial, or program.
ตัวอย่าง
- The inclusion criteria required participants to be over 18.
- Clear inclusion criteria are essential for reliable clinical trials.
- Patients who did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded from the study.
inclusion rider
1/ɪŋklˈuʒən ɹˈaɪdɚ/
fixed phrase
formal
contract clause demanding diversity
A special rule in a work contract, especially in film, that says the project must hire a diverse group of people.
ตัวอย่าง
- The actor insisted on an inclusion rider in all future film contracts.
- Inclusion riders aim to increase diversity on and off screen.
- Her speech made the term "inclusion rider" widely known.
social inclusion
1/sˈoʊʃəl ɪŋklˈuʒən/
fixed phrase
formal
ensuring everyone can join society
A situation where all people in a society can take part in normal life and are not pushed away or left out.
ตัวอย่าง
- The program focuses on social inclusion for people with disabilities.
- Improving social inclusion is a key goal of the new policy.
- Public transport plays an important role in social inclusion.