Target / Affected One
Who or what is affected by the event?
ความหมาย
The participant that receives the action, changes, is moved, is created, is consumed, or is otherwise affected.
วิธีสังเกต
Ask what the action hits, changes, moves, creates, or concerns.
ตัวอย่าง
apple|door|letter|problem|him|Mary
eat an apple|open the door|solve the problem
The girl opened the door.
Visual guide
TARGET / AFFECTED ONE what is affected? Actor -> event -> [Target] girl -> opened -> [door] eat -> [apple] solve -> [problem] = affected/changed thing
Target clues may differ order: girl opened [door] case: [door-ACC] marker: OBJ-[door] clitic: opened-[it] agreement: verb -> door context: door understood role = affected one
มุมมองภาษา
ในภาษาของคุณ
Targets are commonly accusative in formal MSA and can also appear as attached object pronouns.
قرأَت الطالبةُ الكتابَ.
The student read the book.
ในภาษาที่กำลังเรียน
Targets normally appear before the verb; animate or specific targets are often marked with -কে.
আমি রহিমকে দেখলাম।
I saw Rahim.
Learners may overuse or omit -কে and change specificity or animacy nuance.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.