F01
booster
Information structure
Focus
Spotlight / Focus
What is the most important new information?
intermediate
Focus
Emphasis
Cleft
Contrastive focus
অর্থ
The part of the message that carries the main emphasis, contrast, correction, or answer to the current question.
কীভাবে চিনবেন
Ask which part would be stressed or corrected in context.
উদাহরণ
শব্দ
only|even|it was|not X but Y
বাক্যাংশ
it was Anna who|ANNA did it|only Peter
বাক্য
Anna bought the book, not Peter.
Visual guide
Basic shape
Message = background + focus Who bought the book? background: bought the book FOCUS: Anna Anna bought the book. = Anna, not Peter
Compare shape
Same focus, many shapes Stress: ANNA did it Cleft: it was Anna who... Particle: only Peter Contrast: not X but Y Word order/focus slot may mark it Task: find the spotlight
ভাষাভিত্তিক ভিউ
আপনার মাতৃভাষায়
বাংলা
উপস্থিতির মাত্রা
strong
গুরুত্ব
Focus can be shown by stress, word order and particles such as -ই.
আমি-ই কাজটা করেছি।
I myself did the work.
আপনি যে ভাষা শিখছেন, সেই ভাষায়
ইংরেজি
উপস্থিতির মাত্রা
strong
কঠিনতার মাত্রা
English uses stress, cleft sentences, fronting, and context to mark focus.
It was John who called.
John = focused information
শিক্ষার্থীদের সাধারণ সমস্যা
Learners may use word order alone where English would use stress, clefts, or clearer wording.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.