anomaly
gb/ənˈɑməli/ us/ənˈɑməli/
C1
English
~ 7600
rendellenesség, anomália, veleszületett rendellenesség, valódi anomália
NOUN
C1
1
anomália
C1
Usage pattern:
[something] is an anomaly in [something]
The warm winter was an anomaly in a region known for heavy snow.
Az enyhe tél rendellenességnek számított egy olyan vidéken, amely a nagy havazásairól ismert.
Analysts are still trying to understand the market anomaly that caused prices to jump overnight.
Az elemzők még mindig próbálják megérteni azt a piaci anomáliát, amely egyik napról a másikra megugrasztotta az árakat.
One strange test result turned out to be an anomaly caused by a faulty sensor.
Such a high score is an anomaly for a student who usually struggles with exams.
They treated the incident as an anomaly rather than a sign of a bigger problem.
Learner examples
The hot day in December was an anomaly.
A decemberi meleg nap anomáliának számított.
There was an anomaly in the numbers, so we checked them again.
Eltérés volt a számokban, ezért újra ellenőriztük őket.
This result is an anomaly, because all the other results are low.
In that quiet town, a big crime is an anomaly.
Her late arrival was an anomaly, because she is normally on time.
Common mistake:
Learners sometimes use *anomaly* as an adjective, for example, saying *an anomaly situation*. The correct forms are the noun *an anomaly* or the adjective *anomalous*, as in *an anomalous situation*. Another common mistake is forgetting the article *an* before *anomaly* in the singular (e.g., saying *it is anomaly* instead of *it is an anomaly*).
Meaning
something that deviates from the norm
Collocations
statistical anomaly
|rare anomaly
|weather anomaly
|anomaly in the data
|economic anomaly
|explain the anomaly
Synonyms
irregularity (Focuses on not following the usual pattern or rule, slightly more formal and technical.)
|
aberration (Emphasizes something that is a departure from the normal, often slightly negative or disapproving.)
|
outlier (Usually used in statistics to mean a data point far from the others; less general than 'anomaly'.)
Antonyms
normality (Emphasizes a usual, expected, or typical state, which an anomaly does not have.)
|
regularity (Focuses on following a steady or expected pattern, the opposite of an unusual case.)
Themes
science
|society
|statistics
|core_vocabulary
Definition
Something that is not like what is normal or expected, and that seems strange or needs to be explained.
Something that is different from what is usual, normal, or expected, especially in a way that is noticeable and needs explanation.
NOUN
C2
TECHNICAL
2
Usage pattern:
a congenital anomaly of [a body part]
The scan revealed a minor heart anomaly that would need to be monitored after birth.
A vizsgálat egy enyhe szívfejlődési rendellenességet mutatott ki, amelyet születés után figyelni kellett.
Doctors discovered a congenital anomaly in the baby's spine during a routine checkup.
Az orvosok egy rutinellenőrzés során a baba gerincének veleszületett rendellenességét fedezték fel.
Certain genetic anomalies increase the risk of serious disease.
The study focused on craniofacial anomalies in newborns.
Most structural anomalies detected on ultrasound are mild and can be treated.
Learner examples
The doctor found a small anomaly in the baby's heart.
Az orvos egy kis rendellenességet talált a baba szívében.
A congenital anomaly means the problem is present at birth.
A veleszületett rendellenesség azt jelenti, hogy a probléma már születéskor jelen van.
The test showed a genetic anomaly in the blood cells.
Some anomalies can be seen on an ultrasound before the baby is born.
Many people live normal lives with a minor heart anomaly.
Common mistake:
Learners may use *anomaly* instead of more natural everyday words like *problem* or *defect* when talking informally. *Anomaly* in this sense is mainly medical or technical; in casual speech, *birth defect* or *health problem* is often more natural. Also, do not say *anomalic baby*; instead say *a baby with a congenital anomaly* or *an anomalous heart structure*.
Meaning
abnormal body structure or feature
Collocations
congenital anomaly
|genetic anomaly
|heart anomaly
|chromosomal anomaly
|fetal anomaly
|structural anomaly
Synonyms
abnormality (Very close in meaning; slightly more general and more common in medical and everyday use.)
|
malformation (Stresses that a body part is formed incorrectly or has a wrong shape.)
Antonyms
normal development (Highlights that the body forms in the usual, healthy way, without abnormal features.)
|
typical anatomy (Emphasizes a standard, healthy body structure as opposed to an unusual one.)
Themes
medicine
|biology
|health
|body
Definition
A part or feature of the body that is not normal, often present when a baby is born.
An abnormal structure or feature of the body, especially one that is present from birth.
NOUN
C2
TECHNICAL
3
anomália
C1
Usage pattern:
detect an anomaly in [a system / the data]
The monitoring system flagged an anomaly in network traffic late last night.
A felügyeleti rendszer tegnap késő éjjel anomáliát jelzett a hálózati forgalomban.
Engineers are investigating a software anomaly that caused the spacecraft to enter safe mode.
A mérnökök egy szoftveranomáliát vizsgálnak, amely miatt az űreszköz biztonsági módba lépett.
The model identified several payment anomalies that might indicate fraud.
A single anomaly in the sensor readings can trigger an automatic shutdown.
Anomaly detection tools help security teams find unusual login behavior.
Learner examples
We found an anomaly in the server logs.
Anomáliát találtunk a szervernaplókban.
The program stops when it sees an anomaly in the data.
A program leáll, amikor anomáliát észlel az adatokban.
They are studying a strange anomaly in the system.
The bank uses software to catch payment anomalies.
A network anomaly may mean someone is attacking the system.
Common mistake:
Learners may confuse this technical sense with general *error* and think all anomalies are mistakes. In many systems, an anomaly can also be a rare but valid event, not only a bug. Also, in IT context, avoid saying *do an anomaly*; use verbs like *detect an anomaly*, *flag an anomaly*, or *investigate an anomaly*.
Meaning
unexpected irregularity in a system or data
Collocations
system anomaly
|data anomaly
|network anomaly
|security anomaly
|anomaly detection
|algorithm detects anomalies
Synonyms
inconsistency (Stresses that the result does not match other results or expected rules.)
|
glitch (Informal; often used for small, temporary technical problems rather than any unusual pattern.)
Antonyms
expected behavior (Describes a system or data acting exactly as planned or predicted.)
|
normal operation (Emphasizes that everything is working in the usual, correct way.)
Themes
technology
|science
|business
Definition
An unusual result or behavior in a system or in data that shows something may be wrong or special.
An unexpected irregularity or behavior in a system, process, or dataset that suggests a fault, attack, or special condition.
NOUN
C2
TECHNICAL
4
Usage pattern:
the [mean/true/eccentric] anomaly of [a body]
The spacecraft's position can be described by its true anomaly and distance from the focus.
Az űreszköz helyzete leírható a valódi anomáliájával és a fókusztól mért távolságával.
Kepler's equation relates the mean anomaly to the eccentric anomaly for an elliptical orbit.
A Kepler-egyenlet elliptikus pálya esetén a középanomáliát az excentrikus anomáliával kapcsolja össze.
As time passes, the mean anomaly increases linearly with the orbital period.
Learner examples
In orbital mechanics, *anomaly* is a special angle.
Az orbitamechanikában az anomália egy speciális szög.
The true anomaly tells us where the satellite is in its orbit.
A valódi anomália megmutatja, hol van a műhold a pályáján.
Students must learn how the mean anomaly changes with time.
Common mistake:
Learners may confuse this highly technical sense with the general meaning of *anomaly* as something strange or abnormal. In astronomy, *anomaly* here is simply the name of a standard angle that describes position in an orbit; it does not imply that anything is unusual or wrong.
Meaning
orbital angle of a body
Collocations
mean anomaly
|true anomaly
|eccentric anomaly
|Keplerian anomaly
|anomaly as a function of time
Synonyms
orbital angle (A descriptive phrase rather than a standard technical term; explains the meaning but is less precise in professional use.)
Antonyms
none (There is no natural everyday opposite term for this specialized technical quantity.)
Themes
astronomy
|physics
|science
|space
Definition
In space science, a measure of where an object is in its orbit, shown as an angle from a starting point.
In astronomy, the angular position of a body moving in an orbit, measured from a defined point such as periapsis.
Grammar
Dictionary form
anomaly
IPA
GB/ənˈɑməli/
US/ənˈɑməli/
Syllables & stress
an - om - aly (3 syllables)
Stress on 2nd syllable (om)
Word forms
Noun
- Base: anomaly
- Plural: anomalies
Word family
Forms
anomalies
noun
Core family
anomalous
adjective
Related words
anomalously
adverb
Negative and opposite forms
normal
adjective A2
normality
noun
Expressions
anomaly detection
1/ənˈɑməli dɪtˈɛkʃən/
fixed phrase
technical
finding unusual patterns in data
The process of using rules or computer methods to find data or behavior that is not normal and may show a problem or special case.
Examples
- The company uses machine learning for real-time anomaly detection in network traffic.
- Anomaly detection can help identify credit card fraud before it affects customers.
- Good anomaly detection reduces false alarms while still catching real problems.
congenital anomaly
1/kənd͡ʒˈɛnətəl ənˈɑməli/
fixed phrase
technical
body abnormality present at birth
A health problem or body part that is not normal and is already there when a baby is born.
Examples
- The clinic offers screening for major congenital anomalies during pregnancy.
- Many congenital anomalies can now be treated soon after birth.
- Public health reports track the rate of congenital anomalies in newborns.
congenital anomaly
1/kənd͡ʒˈɛnətəl ənˈɑməli/
fixed phrase
technical
birth-related structural difference
A difference in the body or development that is present at birth.
Examples
- The study looked at risk factors for congenital anomalies.
- Ultrasound can detect certain congenital anomalies before delivery.
- Many congenital anomalies can be treated successfully.
Learner examples
- Doctors found a congenital anomaly.
historical anomaly
1/hɪstˈɔɹɪkəl ənˈɑməli/
fixed phrase
unusual case in history
A person, event, or situation in history that is very different from what was normal at that time.
Examples
- Many historians see the long period of peace as a historical anomaly.
- Her rise to power was a historical anomaly in a male-dominated era.
- The city’s rapid growth in the 19th century was a historical anomaly for the region.
statistical anomaly
1/stətˈɪstɪkəl ənˈɑməli/
fixed phrase
unusual pattern in statistics
A number or pattern in data that is very different from the others, so it does not fit what we expect from statistics.
Examples
- Officials dismissed the sharp rise in cases as a statistical anomaly due to a reporting delay.
- The survey result looks like a statistical anomaly rather than a real change in public opinion.
- Auditors investigated every statistical anomaly in the sales figures.