duty
gb/dˈuti/ us/dˈuti/
A2
English
~ 900
kötelesség, kötelezettség, vám, munkaköri feladat, feladatkör
NOUN
B1
1
kötelesség
B1
Usage pattern:
to have a duty to [do something]
It is your duty to report any suspicious activity.
Kötelességed jelenteni minden gyanús tevékenységet.
She felt it was her duty to care for her parents.
Úgy érezte, kötelessége gondoskodni a szüleiről.
The soldiers carried out their duties with honor.
As a teacher, he has a duty to help his students succeed.
Learner examples
It is my duty to help my family.
Kötelességem segíteni a családomnak.
She has a duty to tell the truth.
Kötelessége igazat mondani.
It is the duty of police to keep people safe.
He feels a duty to help his friend.
Common mistake:
Learners sometimes confuse 'duty' with 'task'; 'task' is a specific piece of work, while 'duty' is a broader responsibility.
Meaning
Moral or legal responsibility
Collocations
sense of duty
|perform one's duty
|duty to protect
|call of duty
|moral duty
Synonyms
responsibility (More general term for something you must do; can be moral, legal, or practical.)
|
obligation (Often used in formal or legal contexts for something you must do.)
Antonyms
freedom (The state of not being bound by obligations.)
|
right (A privilege or entitlement rather than an obligation.)
Themes
ethics
|law
|daily life
|relationships
|core_vocabulary
Definition
Something you must do because it is right or because the law says so.
Something that a person is required to do because it is morally right or legally required.
NOUN
B2
TECHNICAL
2
vám
B1
The import duty on electronics is quite high.
Az elektronikai cikkekre kivetett behozatali vám meglehetősen magas.
Travelers can bring in goods up to a certain value without paying duty.
Az utazók egy bizonyos értékhatárig vámfizetés nélkül hozhatnak be árukat.
They avoided paying duty by declaring the items as gifts.
Learner examples
I paid duty on the wine I brought from France.
Vámot fizettem a Franciaországból hozott bor után.
The shop sells duty-free perfume.
Az üzlet vámmentes parfümöt árul.
There is no duty on these goods.
Common mistake:
Learners may confuse 'duty' in this sense with 'responsibility'; here it refers specifically to tax.
Meaning
Tax on imports or exports
Collocations
import duty
|customs duty
|duty-free goods
Synonyms
tariff (A more formal or technical term for a tax on imports or exports.)
Antonyms
duty-free (Goods exempt from import or export taxes.)
Themes
business
|law
|trade
|finance
Definition
Money you pay to the government when you bring goods into or take them out of a country.
A tax that must be paid to the government when goods are brought into or taken out of a country.
NOUN
A2
3
feladatkör
B2
Her duties include answering phones and filing documents.
Munkaköri feladatai közé tartozik a telefonhívások fogadása és a dokumentumok lefűzése.
One of his main duties is to train new employees.
Az egyik fő feladata az új alkalmazottak betanítása.
The nurse performed her duties with care.
Learner examples
My duties at work are easy.
A munkahelyi feladataim könnyűek.
His duties include cleaning the office.
Feladatai közé tartozik az iroda takarítása.
The teacher's duties are many.
Common mistake:
Learners sometimes use 'duty' in plural for all work activities; make sure it refers to assigned tasks, not just general work.
Meaning
Tasks of a job or role
Collocations
job duties
|assigned duties
|carry out duties
Synonyms
task (A specific piece of work; can be smaller in scope than 'duty'.)
|
function (Formal term for an official task or role.)
Antonyms
leisure (Time free from work or duties.)
Themes
work
|daily life
|business
|core_vocabulary
Definition
The things you have to do as part of your job.
The tasks, actions, or functions that are part of someone's job or role.
Grammar
Dictionary form
duty
IPA
GB/dˈuti/
US/dˈuti/
Syllables & stress
duty (1 syllable)
Stress on 1st syllable (duty)
Word forms
Noun
- Base: duty
- Plural: duties, duty
Word family
Expressions
beyond the call of duty
1/bɪjˈɔnd ðə kˈɔl əv dˈuti/
idiom
Doing more than required duties
Doing more work or being more helpful than you have to be.
Examples
- She went beyond the call of duty to help the community.
- His bravery was truly beyond the call of duty.
call of duty
1/kˈɔl əv dˈuti/
fixed phrase
Sense of moral or role obligation
A strong feeling that you must do something because it is right or part of your job.
Examples
- He acted out of a sense of the call of duty.
- Soldiers often go beyond the call of duty.
off duty
1/ˈɔf dˈuti/
fixed phrase
Not working at the moment
Not working at your job at that moment.
Examples
- The guard is off duty until midnight.
- She prefers not to talk about work when she's off duty.
on duty
1/ˈɔn dˈuti/
fixed phrase
Working in an official role now
Working at your job at that moment.
Examples
- The nurse on duty will help you.
- Police officers on duty must wear their uniforms.