fluency
gb/flˈuənsi/ us/flˈuənsi/
B2
English
folyékony nyelvtudás, gördülékenység, jártasság, készségszintű tudás, könnyedség, beszédfluencia, feldolgozási fluencia
NOUN
B2
1
Usage pattern:
fluency in [a language]
After a year abroad, her fluency in Italian improved dramatically.
Egy külföldön töltött év után sokkal folyékonyabban beszélt olaszul.
The job requires fluency in both English and Mandarin.
A munkakörhöz folyékony angol- és mandarintudás szükséges.
He speaks with impressive fluency for someone who started learning last year.
Learner examples
I want fluency in English.
Szeretnék folyékonyan beszélni angolul.
Practice every day to improve your fluency.
Gyakorolj minden nap, hogy javuljon a nyelvi folyékonyságod.
Common mistake:
Fluency mainly means speaking smoothly; it does not always mean perfect grammar or a native accent.
Meaning
ability to use a language smoothly
Collocations
achieve fluency
|gain fluency
|develop fluency
|native-like fluency
|oral fluency
|spoken fluency
|written fluency
|fluency in English
|fluency in Spanish
|a high level of fluency
Synonyms
proficiency (Broader; includes overall skill, not just smoothness.)
|
command (Emphasizes control over a language.)
Antonyms
hesitancy (Highlights frequent pauses or uncertainty.)
|
disfluency (The opposite of smooth, continuous speech.)
Themes
language_learning
|education
|communication
Definition
the ability to speak a language easily and well
The ability to speak or write a language easily, smoothly, and accurately.
NOUN
C1
2
Usage pattern:
with fluency; [someone]'s fluency
She answered the questions with fluency and calm.
Nyugodtan és gördülékenyen válaszolt a kérdésekre.
The essay has fluency but needs stronger evidence.
Az esszé gördülékeny, de erősebb bizonyítékokra van szükség benne.
His fluency dropped when he started reading from notes.
Learner examples
She speaks with fluency.
Gördülékenyen beszél.
My writing needs more fluency.
Az írásomnak gördülékenyebbnek kell lennie.
Common mistake:
Do not use *fluency* to mean 'confidence' alone; it focuses on smooth, easy expression.
Meaning
smooth, effortless speaking or writing
Collocations
speak with fluency
|write with fluency
|ease and fluency
|clarity and fluency
|fluency of style
|fluency of expression
|fluency and precision
|a lack of fluency
|improve fluency
|natural fluency
Synonyms
smoothness (More general; can apply to many things beyond language.)
|
articulateness (Focuses on clear expression of ideas.)
Antonyms
awkwardness (Emphasizes clumsy, unnatural expression.)
|
haltingness (Emphasizes frequent stops and starts.)
Themes
communication
|writing
|public_speaking
Definition
speaking or writing smoothly and easily
Smoothness and ease in speaking or writing, with few awkward pauses or errors.
NOUN
C1
3
jártasság
C1
Usage pattern:
fluency with [a skill/task]; fluency in [a skill area]
Regular practice helped her build fluency with mental arithmetic.
A rendszeres gyakorlás segített, hogy jártasságot szerezzen a fejben számolásban.
The course focuses on fluency before introducing more complex problems.
A tanfolyam először a készségszintű tudás kialakítására összpontosít, és csak utána vezet be bonyolultabb feladatokat.
He has fluency on the keyboard, so he types without looking.
Learner examples
I need more fluency in math.
Nagyobb jártasságra van szükségem matematikából.
Practice helps me get fluency.
A gyakorlás segít jártasságot szerezni.
Common mistake:
In education, *fluency* can apply to skills like math or typing, not only to languages.
Meaning
quick, accurate performance of a skill
Collocations
math fluency
|reading fluency
|computational fluency
|build fluency
|develop fluency
|fluency with numbers
|fluency with multiplication facts
|automaticity and fluency
|practice for fluency
|fluency drills
Synonyms
mastery (Often implies a higher, more complete level of skill.)
|
automaticity (Technical term emphasizing doing something without conscious effort.)
Antonyms
clumsiness (Suggests uncoordinated or error-prone performance.)
|
difficulty (General lack of ease in performing the skill.)
Themes
education
|skills
|learning
Definition
doing a skill easily and correctly
The ability to perform a learned skill quickly, accurately, and with little conscious effort.
NOUN
C1
4
könnyedség
B2
Usage pattern:
fluency of [movement/action]
With training, she regained the fluency of her movements.
Edzéssel visszanyerte mozdulatainak könnyedségét.
The pianist played with fluency and control.
A zongorista könnyedséggel és nagy kontrollal játszott.
His fluency on the field makes the game look effortless.
Learner examples
The dancer moved with fluency.
A táncos könnyedséggel mozgott.
Practice gave him more fluency.
A gyakorlás nagyobb könnyedséget adott neki.
Common mistake:
This sense is less common than language fluency; it is often used in arts and sports contexts.
Meaning
smooth, graceful movement or performance
Collocations
fluency of movement
|fluency of motion
|fluency and grace
|fluency and control
|fluency in dance
|fluency on the court
|fluency in performance
|loss of fluency
|fluidity and fluency
|natural fluency
Synonyms
fluidity (Very close; emphasizes continuous, flowing motion.)
|
grace (Adds a sense of elegance.)
Antonyms
stiffness (Lack of smooth, free movement.)
|
jerkiness (Movement that is uneven and stop-start.)
Themes
sports
|arts
|performance
Definition
moving easily and smoothly
Smoothness, grace, and ease in physical movement or in carrying out an activity.
NOUN
C2
TECHNICAL
5
Usage pattern:
assess [someone]'s fluency; fluency therapy
The clinician assessed his fluency during conversation and reading.
A szakember beszélgetés és felolvasás közben is felmérte a beszédfluenciáját.
Fluency improved after several weeks of therapy.
Többheti terápia után javult a beszédfluenciája.
Stress can reduce fluency and increase speech blocks.
Learner examples
The therapist checked his fluency.
A terapeuta ellenőrizte a beszédfluenciáját.
Common mistake:
In this field, *fluency* is about speech flow (e.g., stuttering), not about vocabulary size or grammar knowledge.
Meaning
continuity of speech in therapy
Collocations
speech fluency
|fluency disorder
|fluency shaping
|fluency therapy
|assess fluency
|measure fluency
|fluency breaks
|stuttering and fluency
|fluency techniques
|increase fluency
Synonyms
speech flow (Plain-language description used in explanations.)
Antonyms
stuttering (A common cause of disrupted fluency.)
|
disfluency (General term for interruptions in speech flow.)
Themes
health
|speech
|therapy
Definition
how smooth a person’s speech is (medical use)
In speech-language pathology, the degree to which speech flows without disruptions such as repetitions, prolongations, or blocks.
NOUN
C2
TECHNICAL
6
Usage pattern:
increase fluency; reduce fluency; perceptual fluency
Clear fonts can increase fluency and make a message feel more trustworthy.
A jól olvasható betűtípusok növelhetik a feldolgozási fluenciát, és megbízhatóbbnak éreztethetik az üzenetet.
When fluency is low, people often slow down and question what they are reading.
Amikor alacsony a feldolgozási fluencia, az emberek gyakran lelassítanak, és megkérdőjelezik az olvasottakat.
Researchers studied how fluency influences decisions under time pressure.
Common mistake:
This sense is usually discussed in psychology; in everyday English, people more often say something is 'easy to process' or 'easy to understand.'
Meaning
ease of mental processing
Collocations
processing fluency
|perceptual fluency
|cognitive fluency
|increase fluency
|reduce fluency
|fluency effects
|fluency-based judgments
|ease and fluency
|fluency heuristic
|low fluency
Synonyms
ease of processing (More explicit, less jargon.)
Antonyms
cognitive strain (The opposite feeling of effortful processing.)
|
difficulty (General lack of ease in understanding.)
Themes
psychology
|communication
|marketing
Definition
how easy something is to understand (technical use)
The subjective ease with which information is processed, which can influence judgments such as familiarity, truth, or preference.
Grammar
Dictionary form
fluency
IPA
GB/flˈuənsi/
US/flˈuənsi/
Syllables & stress
flu - ency (2 syllables)
Stress on 1st syllable (flu)
Word forms
Noun
- Base: fluency
- Plural: fluencies, fluency
Word family
Expressions
fluency disorder
1/flˈuənsi dɪsˈɔɹdɚ/
fixed phrase
technical
condition affecting speech flow
a speech problem that stops smooth talking
Examples
- He was diagnosed with a fluency disorder in early childhood.
- The clinic specializes in treating fluency disorders.
- A fluency disorder can affect confidence in social situations.
native-like fluency
1/nˈeɪtɪv lˈaɪk flˈuənsi/
fixed phrase
fluency similar to a native speaker
speaking very fluently, like a native speaker
Examples
- It took years of immersion to reach native-like fluency.
- Her native-like fluency makes her sound completely natural in meetings.
- He has native-like fluency, but he still makes occasional spelling mistakes.
Learner examples
- She has native-like fluency.
oral fluency
1/ˈɔɹəl flˈuənsi/
fixed phrase
smooth, natural spoken language
speaking smoothly and easily
Examples
- Conversation classes are designed to build oral fluency.
- The exam includes a speaking section that tests oral fluency.
- She has strong grammar but still needs more oral fluency.
Learner examples
- This course helps oral fluency.
processing fluency
1/pɹˈɑsɛsɪŋ flˈuənsi/
fixed phrase
technical
how easily information is processed
how easy something is for the brain to understand
Examples
- Simple layouts increase processing fluency and reduce confusion.
- Low processing fluency can make a true statement feel less believable.
- The study manipulated processing fluency by changing font clarity.
reading fluency
1/ɹˈidɪŋ flˈuənsi/
fixed phrase
reading smoothly with good pace
reading easily, correctly, and smoothly
Examples
- Daily practice helped improve his reading fluency.
- Teachers often measure reading fluency with timed passages.
- Her reading fluency increased as her vocabulary grew.
Learner examples
- I want better reading fluency.
verbal fluency
1/vˈɚbəl flˈuənsi/
fixed phrase
technical
ease and speed of speaking
How easily and quickly a person can say many words correctly.
Examples
- The test is designed to measure verbal fluency in older adults.
- Bilingual speakers sometimes show higher verbal fluency in one language.
verbal fluency
1/vˈɚbəl flˈuənsi/
fixed phrase
technical
ability to produce words quickly
quickly finding and saying words (often in tests)
Examples
- The neurologist used a verbal fluency task to assess language function.
- Stress and fatigue can reduce verbal fluency.
- Participants completed a verbal fluency test in under two minutes.