geography
gb/d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/ us/d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/
B1
English
~ 5100
földrajz, földrajzi adottságok, térbeli eloszlás, területi megoszlás, térbeli elrendezés, értékesítési terület, földrajzi piac, régió
NOUN
B1
1
földrajz
A2
Usage pattern:
study [geography]
She studied geography at university and now works in urban planning.
Földrajzot tanult az egyetemen, és most várostervezésben dolgozik.
Our geography teacher explained how rivers shape valleys.
A földrajztanárunk elmagyarázta, hogyan formálják a folyók a völgyeket.
The textbook provides a clear introduction to geography.
He's majoring in geography with a focus on climate change.
Learner examples
I have geography on Tuesday.
Kedden földrajzórám van.
She wants to study geography at college.
Földrajzot szeretne tanulni a főiskolán.
Our geography class talks about maps and weather.
Common mistake:
Learners often confuse geography with geometry (math) or geology (rocks and Earth's interior). Geography is about places, people, and environments. Also, the school subject is usually uncountable: say 'study geography,' not 'study a geography.'
Meaning
the study of places
Collocations
physical geography
|human geography
|economic geography
|geography class
|geography teacher
|geography textbook
Synonyms
earth science (Broader field that includes geology, meteorology, and more; geography is one part.)
|
spatial science (Academic label emphasizing spatial patterns; less common in everyday speech.)
Themes
science
|education
|nature
Definition
A school subject about places, land, weather, and people on Earth.
An academic field that examines Earth's physical features, climates, and human societies, and how they are distributed and interact.
NOUN
B2
2
földrajz
B1
Usage pattern:
the geography of [a place]
The geography of Iceland is dominated by volcanoes and glaciers.
Izland földrajzát vulkánok és gleccserek határozzák meg.
Because of the city's geography, neighborhoods are separated by steep hills.
A város földrajzi adottságai miatt a városrészeket meredek dombok választják el egymástól.
The park's varied geography includes forests, wetlands, and cliffs.
The region's harsh geography makes road building expensive.
Learner examples
The geography of this island has many mountains.
Ennek a szigetnek a földrajzát sok hegy jellemzi.
The city's geography makes buses slow.
A város földrajzi adottságai miatt lassan járnak a buszok.
The region's geography includes a big river.
Common mistake:
Some learners use 'geology' when they mean physical features of a place. Use 'geography' or 'topography' for surface features; 'geology' is about rocks and Earth's structure.
Meaning
the terrain of an area
Collocations
the geography of the region
|rugged geography
|mountainous geography
|local geography
|varied geography
|harsh geography
Synonyms
terrain (Focuses on the land's surface and its difficulty for travel.)
|
topography (More technical; the detailed mapping or surface features of an area.)
Themes
nature
|travel
|science
Definition
The natural shape of a place, like mountains and rivers, and how things are arranged there.
The physical characteristics and spatial layout of a particular place, such as landforms, bodies of water, climate, and how features are arranged.
NOUN
C1
FORMAL
3
Usage pattern:
the geography of [something]
We need to understand the geography of our supply chain before we redesign it.
Meg kell értenünk az ellátási láncunk térbeli elrendezését, mielőtt átalakítjuk.
The political geography of the country changed after the reform.
A reform után megváltozott az országban a politikai erőviszonyok területi megoszlása.
The geography of the brain's language areas varies across individuals.
The office's social geography encourages collaboration.
Learner examples
The geography of the market keeps most buyers in big cities.
A piac területi megoszlása miatt a vevők többsége nagyvárosokban van.
The geography of our team—who sits where—affects how we talk.
A csapatunk térbeli elrendezése – vagyis hogy ki hol ül – befolyásolja, hogyan beszélünk egymással.
We mapped the geography of the network to find weak points.
Common mistake:
Many learners think 'geography' only refers to the Earth. In formal writing, it can also mean the spatial pattern of parts in a system (usually in the phrase 'the geography of [something]').
Meaning
layout or distribution of something
Collocations
the geography of the market
|the geography of the internet
|the geography of the brain
|organizational geography
|the geography of the supply chain
Synonyms
layout (Emphasizes physical arrangement; less about distribution across wide areas.)
|
distribution (Stresses how things are spread out; may not imply structure.)
Themes
business
|technology
|analysis
|science
Definition
How parts of something are placed in space, not only in real places but also in systems or ideas.
The way elements are arranged and distributed across space within a system, field, or topic, often used beyond physical places.
NOUN
B2
TECHNICAL
4
Usage pattern:
expand into new [geographies]
The startup plans to expand into new geographies next year.
A startup azt tervezi, hogy jövőre új földrajzi piacokra terjeszkedik.
Our service operates across three key geographies: North America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific.
Szolgáltatásunk három kulcsfontosságú régióban érhető el: Észak-Amerikában, Európában és az ázsiai–csendes-óceáni térségben.
The report compares performance across different geographies.
Learner examples
The company will enter two new geographies.
A vállalat két új földrajzi piacra lép be.
We sell in many geographies now.
Most már sok régióban értékesítünk.
They will focus on this geography first.
Common mistake:
Outside business writing, people rarely use 'geography' as a countable noun. In everyday English, say 'regions' or 'markets' instead of 'geographies.'
Meaning
regions as market areas
Collocations
enter new geographies
|across key geographies
|multiple geographies
|target geographies
|emerging geographies
Synonyms
region (General word for an area; not limited to business contexts.)
|
territory (Sales or legal term for an assigned area.)
Themes
business
|economics
Definition
In business, a 'geography' means a market area or region.
In business usage, a countable term meaning a region or territory considered as a separate market.
Grammar
Dictionary form
geography
IPA
GB/d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/
US/d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/
Syllables & stress
geo - graphy (2 syllables)
Stress on 2nd syllable (graphy)
Word forms
Noun
- Base: geography
- Plural: geographies, geography
Word family
Forms
geographies
noun
Core family
Related words
geographer
noun
geopolitical
adjective C1
Advanced or less common
geopolitics
noun C1
geospatial
adjective C1
Expressions
change the geography of
1/t͡ʃˈeɪnd͡ʒ ðə d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi əv/
fixed phrase
formal
alter spatial distribution
To make the layout or spread of something different.
Examples
- Remote work could change the geography of cities.
- New trade routes will change the geography of global shipping.
economic geography
1/ˌɛkənˈɑmɪk d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/
fixed phrase
technical
subfield: economy in space
A field that studies where businesses and jobs are and why they are there.
Examples
- Economic geography explains why industries cluster in certain regions.
- Her research in economic geography focuses on tech hubs.
expand into new geographies
1/ɪkspˈænd ˈɪntu njˈu d͡ʒˈoʊɡɹˈæfiz/
fixed phrase
technical
enter more regional markets
Start selling or operating in more regions.
Examples
- They plan to expand into new geographies after the funding round.
- We expanded into new geographies to reach more customers.
geography lesson
1/d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi lˈɛsən/
fixed phrase
a lesson about places
A class or explanation that teaches facts about places.
Examples
- Today's geography lesson was about river deltas.
- Thanks for the quick geography lesson on the Balkans.
human geography
1/hjˈumən d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/
fixed phrase
technical
subfield: people and places
The part of geography that studies people, cities, cultures, and how they are spread out.
Examples
- She specializes in human geography and migration.
- Human geography looks at how cities grow and change.
physical geography
1/fˈɪzɪkəl d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/
fixed phrase
technical
subfield: natural features
The part of geography that studies land, water, weather, and natural processes.
Examples
- My course in physical geography covers rivers and climate.
- Volcanoes are a key topic in physical geography.
political geography
1/pəlˈɪtɪkəl d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/
fixed phrase
technical
subfield: politics and space
A field that looks at borders, countries, and how power is organized in space.
Examples
- Political geography examines how borders shape identity.
- We discussed redistricting in our political geography seminar.
the geography of
1/ðə d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi əv/
fixed phrase
the layout of something
Used to talk about how a place, system, or topic is set up in space.
Examples
- The geography of the campus makes cycling easy.
- We analyzed the geography of the market before launching.