hull
gb/hˈʌl/ us/hˈʌl/
B2
English
~ 8300
hajótest, héj, hántol, kicsumáz, test, páncéltest, törzs, burok
NOUN
B2
1
hajótest
B1
Usage pattern:
the hull of [a ship/boat]
The storm opened a crack in the ship's hull.
A vihar repedést okozott a hajótesten.
Divers inspected the hull for signs of rust and damage.
A búvárok rozsda és sérülések nyomait keresve átvizsgálták a hajótestet.
The yacht's fiberglass hull makes it both light and strong.
After the collision, water began to pour into the lower hull.
They repainted the hull while the boat was out of the water.
Learner examples
The boat has a long, narrow hull.
A hajónak hosszú, keskeny hajóteste van.
Workers cleaned the hull at the shipyard.
A munkások megtisztították a hajótestet a hajógyárban.
Water was coming into the ship through a hole in the hull.
The hull of the old ship was very rusty.
Common mistake:
Learners sometimes confuse "hull" with the whole ship. "Hull" only means the main body that touches the water, not the masts, sails, or cabins. Learners also sometimes confuse the spelling and pronunciation with "haul", which is a verb meaning to pull.
Meaning
main body of a ship or boat
Collocations
ship's hull
|boat hull
|steel hull
|fiberglass hull
|hull damage
|double hull
Synonyms
body (General word for the main physical structure of a vehicle; less specific to ships.)
Antonyms
superstructure (Refers to the parts of a ship built above the main deck, contrasting with the hull below.)
Themes
transport
|engineering
|travel
|transportation
Definition
The main part of a ship or boat that sits in the water, not including the parts that stick up, like masts or cabins.
The main watertight body of a ship or boat, including the bottom, sides, and deck but not the masts, engines, or superstructure.
NOUN
C1
2
héj
A2
Usage pattern:
the hull of [a seed/grain/nut]
Brown rice still has its hull and bran layers.
A barna rizsszemeken még rajta vannak a héj- és korparétegek.
The machine blows the empty peanut hulls into a separate container.
A gép az üres földimogyoróhéjakat egy külön tartályba fújja.
Sunflower seed hulls covered the floor around the seats.
The tiny hull of each grain must be removed before milling.
They compost the corn hulls after processing.
Learner examples
There were peanut hulls all over the ground.
Földimogyoróhéjak hevertek mindenütt a földön.
The rice still has its hull, so it is hard to chew.
A rizsen még rajta van a héja, ezért nehéz megrágni.
This machine takes the hull off the grain.
He spit the seed hull into the trash.
Common mistake:
Learners may confuse "hull" with "peel" or "skin". "Hull" is usually for small hard items like seeds and grains, while "peel" and "skin" are more often used for fruits and vegetables like apples or potatoes.
Meaning
outer covering of seed or grain
Collocations
rice hull
|corn hulls
|seed hull
|sunflower seed hulls
|remove the hulls
|hull and seed
Synonyms
husk (Very close in meaning; often used interchangeably, though "husk" is slightly more common in everyday food contexts.)
Antonyms
kernel (Refers to the soft inner part that is eaten, opposite to the outer protective part (the hull).)
Themes
food
|nature
|food_drink
Definition
The hard or dry outside part of a seed, grain, or small fruit that people usually take off.
The outer covering or shell of a seed, grain, nut, or small fruit, which is usually removed before eating or processing.
VERB
C1
3
Usage pattern:
to hull [seeds/grains/nuts/fruit]
Rinse and hull the strawberries before adding them to the salad.
Öblítsd le és csumázd ki az epret, mielőtt a salátához adod.
The factory can hull several tons of sunflower seeds per day.
A gyár naponta több tonna napraforgómagot tud meghántolni.
These oats have been hulled and are ready for cooking.
It takes time to hull each grain by hand.
The machine both cleans and hulls the barley.
Learner examples
Please wash and hull the strawberries.
Kérlek, mosd meg és csumázd ki az epret.
The company sells hulled sunflower seeds.
A cég hántolt napraforgómagot árul.
This tool helps you hull the nuts quickly.
The rice is already hulled, so you can cook it now.
Common mistake:
Learners sometimes use "peel" for small fruits like strawberries, but the more precise verb is "hull" because you remove the green top and small outer part, not a full skin like on an orange.
Meaning
remove hulls from seeds or fruit
Collocations
hull strawberries
|hulled sunflower seeds
|hulled barley
|machine-hulled rice
|carefully hulled
|hand-hulled
Synonyms
shell (Very close in meaning, but "shell" is more common for nuts and larger items like peas; "hull" is frequent in technical or written food contexts.)
Antonyms
encase (Means to cover something completely, the opposite of removing its outer covering.)
Themes
food
|cooking
|food_drink
|daily_life
Definition
To take off the hard or dry outside part of seeds, grains, nuts, or small fruits.
To remove the outer covering or shell from a seed, grain, nut, or small fruit.
NOUN
C1
TECHNICAL
4
Usage pattern:
the hull of [a vehicle/craft]
Engineers discovered a small crack in the spacecraft's hull.
A mérnökök egy apró repedést fedeztek fel az űrhajó testén.
The tank's thick hull protected the crew from shrapnel.
A harckocsi vastag páncélteste megvédte a személyzetet a repeszektől.
Sensors detected a hull breach, and the astronauts sealed off the damaged module.
Extra armor plates were bolted to the vehicle's hull.
The aircraft hull was damaged beyond repair in the crash.
Learner examples
The rocket's hull must be very strong.
A rakéta testének nagyon erősnek kell lennie.
A small hole in the hull of the spacecraft is very dangerous.
Egy kis lyuk az űrhajó testén nagyon veszélyes.
The tank has a thick metal hull.
They checked the hull for damage after the test.
Meaning
main body of a vehicle or craft
Collocations
spacecraft hull
|aircraft hull
|tank hull
|hull breach
|reinforced hull
|pressure-resistant hull
Synonyms
fuselage (Used specifically for aircraft; similar idea of the main body, but not used for tanks or spacecraft.)
Antonyms
interior (Refers to the inside space and parts, contrasting with the outer body or hull.)
Themes
transport
|technology
|military
|transportation
Definition
The main outer part of a plane, spacecraft, or military vehicle, not including the inside parts or weapons.
The main rigid outer body of an aircraft, spacecraft, armored vehicle, or similar craft, not including its internal equipment or attachments.
NOUN
C2
TECHNICAL
5
burok
C1
Usage pattern:
the [type] hull of [a set]
The algorithm computes the convex hull of the points in linear time.
Az algoritmus lineáris időben kiszámítja a pontok konvex burkát.
Every point in the polygon lies within the convex hull of its vertices.
A sokszög minden pontja a csúcsainak konvex burkán belül van.
In this proof we consider the affine hull of the given set.
The linear hull of these vectors spans the entire space.
We then take the hull under this operator to close the set.
Learner examples
This program finds the convex hull of many points.
Ez a program sok pont konvex burkát határozza meg.
All the points are inside the convex hull.
Az összes pont a konvex burkon belül van.
We draw the convex hull as a line around the outside points.
In this lesson, we learn what a convex hull is.
Meaning
smallest set with a property containing another
Collocations
convex hull
|affine hull
|linear hull
|hull operator
|take the hull
|compute the convex hull
Synonyms
closure (In some mathematical areas, a hull behaves like a closure, though the exact properties and terminology can differ.)
Antonyms
subset (A subset is contained within another set, whereas a hull is a minimal superset containing that set with a certain property.)
Themes
mathematics
|science
|education
Definition
In math, a special set that is just big enough to include another set and still have a certain property, like being straight-sided (convex).
In mathematics, a set that is the smallest superset of a given set having a particular property, such as the convex hull being the smallest convex set containing given points.
Grammar
Dictionary form
hull
IPA
GB/hˈʌl/
US/hˈʌl/
Syllables & stress
hull (1 syllable)
Stress on 1st syllable (hull)
Word forms
Noun
- Base: hull
- Plural: hulls
Verb
- Base: hull
- 3rd Person Singular: hulls
- Present Participle: hulling
- Past: hulled
Word family
Forms
hulls
noun
hulling
verb
hulled
verb
Related words
huller
noun
Negative and opposite forms
unhulled
adjective
Expressions
double hull
1/dˈʌbəl hˈʌl/
fixed phrase
technical
ship or tank with two hull layers
A design where a ship or tank has two outer walls with a space between them, to reduce leaks and damage.
Examples
- Modern oil tankers are usually built with a double hull to reduce the risk of spills.
- Regulations now require double hull construction for certain types of cargo ships.
- The double hull prevented the fuel from leaking after the collision.
hull loss
1/hˈʌl lˈɔs/
fixed phrase
technical
aircraft destroyed beyond repair
An accident where a plane or similar vehicle is so badly damaged that it cannot be fixed in a practical way.
Examples
- The airline reported one hull loss in the last ten years.
- Fortunately there were no injuries, but the event was classified as a hull loss.
- Insurance companies track the number of hull loss accidents each year.
hull speed
1/hˈʌl spˈid/
fixed phrase
technical
theoretical max speed of a displacement hull
The fastest speed a normal boat hull can go through the water before it would need to start riding up on top of the water.
Examples
- This sailboat reaches its hull speed at around seven knots.
- Once you hit hull speed, adding more power doesn't make the boat much faster.
- Designers increased the waterline length to raise the hull speed.
hulled rice
1/hˈʌld ɹˈaɪs/
fixed phrase
rice with hull removed
Rice where the hard outer hull has been taken off.
Examples
- The store sells both hulled rice and brown rice.
- Hulled rice cooks faster because the tough outer layer is gone.
- They buy hulled rice to save time in the kitchen.
pressure hull
1/pɹˈɛʃɚ hˈʌl/
fixed phrase
technical
inner hull that holds pressure
The strong inner wall of a submarine or spacecraft that keeps the high outside pressure from crushing it.
Examples
- Engineers inspected the submarine's pressure hull for signs of fatigue.
- A crack in the pressure hull would be extremely dangerous at depth.
- The new design uses thicker steel for the pressure hull.