immune
gb/ɪmjˈun/ us/ɪmjˈun/
B2
English
~ 7100
immunis, védett, érzéketlen, jogi mentességet élvez, mentes
B2
1
Usage pattern:
become/be [fully] immune to [disease/infection]
After two doses of the vaccine, most people are immune to the virus.
A vakcina két adagja után a legtöbb ember immunis a vírusra.
Once you recover from measles, you are usually immune to it for life.
Ha egyszer felépülsz a kanyaróból, általában egész életedre immunis leszel rá.
Some individuals are naturally immune to this type of infection.
Children are not yet fully immune and should still be careful.
The study suggests that older adults may become less immune over time.
Learner examples
I got the shot, so now I am immune to that disease.
Megkaptam az oltást, ezért most védett vagyok azzal a betegséggel szemben.
After he was sick, his body became immune to the virus.
Miután beteg volt, a szervezete immunissá vált a vírussal szemben.
People with weak bodies are not very immune to infections.
The doctor says I will be immune in two weeks.
These animals are immune to this kind of sickness.
Common mistake:
Learners sometimes say "immune of" instead of "immune to" when talking about disease (correct: "She is immune to the virus," not "immune of the virus"). They may also confuse the adjective "immune" with the noun phrase "immune system"; "immune" describes a person or animal, while "immune system" is the body's defense system itself.
Meaning
protected from a disease or infection
Collocations
immune to infection
|immune to COVID-19
|become immune
|fully immune
|naturally immune
|immune for life
Synonyms
resistant (Often used in medical or scientific contexts; stresses the ability to fight off something harmful.)
Antonyms
susceptible (Means likely or easily able to be harmed or infected by something.)
Themes
health
|science
|medicine
|body
|core_vocabulary
Definition
Not able to get a disease because your body can fight it well, often after having the disease or a vaccine.
Protected against a particular disease or infection because the body's immune system can successfully fight it.
B2
2
immunis
B2
érzéketlen
B2
Usage pattern:
be [completely] immune to [criticism/pressure/change]
He seems completely immune to criticism and keeps doing things his own way.
Úgy tűnik, teljesen immunis a kritikára, és továbbra is a maga feje után megy.
No one is immune to stress, even if they look calm on the outside.
Senki sem immunis a stresszel szemben, még akkor sem, ha kívülről nyugodtnak látszik.
The company is not immune to economic slowdown and may have to cut costs.
She was strangely immune to his charm.
Even wealthy countries are not immune to climate-related disasters.
Learner examples
He is not immune to other people's words; they hurt him.
Nem immunis mások szavaira; azok bántják.
She acts like she is immune to what other people think.
Úgy tesz, mintha immunis lenne mások véleményére.
No country is immune to big world problems.
The team is not immune to mistakes.
I thought I was immune to fear, but I was wrong.
Common mistake:
Learners may think "immune" can only be used for diseases. It is also common in abstract phrases like "immune to criticism" or "immune to stress." Keep the preposition "to" (say "immune to criticism," not "immune from criticism").
Meaning
not affected by something non-physical
Collocations
immune to criticism
|immune to pressure
|immune to change
|immune to temptation
|seem immune to
|not entirely immune to
Synonyms
unaffected (General word meaning not changed or influenced; slightly broader and less strong than "immune".)
Antonyms
vulnerable (Suggests being easily hurt, influenced, or affected by something.)
Themes
emotions
|behavior
|society
|communication
|core_vocabulary
Definition
Not changed or hurt by something like criticism, stress, or other people's ideas.
Not affected or influenced by something such as criticism, pressure, temptation, or change.
C1
FORMAL
3
mentes
B2
Usage pattern:
be immune from [prosecution/liability/suit]
As a foreign diplomat, she is immune from prosecution under local law.
Külföldi diplomataként a helyi jog szerint mentességet élvez a büntetőeljárás alól.
The president is not completely immune from legal action while in office.
Az elnök hivatali ideje alatt sem élvez teljes mentességet a jogi eljárásokkal szemben.
Under this agreement, the company is immune from liability for minor errors.
Judges are largely immune from being sued for decisions made in court.
Some officials wrongly believe they are immune from any consequences.
Learner examples
The diplomat is immune from arrest in this country.
A diplomata ebben az országban mentességet élvez a letartóztatás alól.
In some cases, the leader is immune from prosecution.
Bizonyos esetekben a vezető mentességet élvez a büntetőeljárás alól.
The company is not immune from legal action if it breaks the law.
He thinks he is immune from the rules, but he is not.
These volunteers are immune from paying certain taxes.
Common mistake:
Learners may mix up "immune to" and "immune from." In legal contexts, "immune from" is much more common ("immune from prosecution"), while "immune to" is used for diseases and general influence ("immune to the virus," "immune to criticism").
Meaning
legally protected from punishment or suit
Collocations
immune from prosecution
|immune from legal action
|immune from liability
|diplomatically immune
|constitutionally immune
|immune from arrest
Synonyms
exempt (Focuses on being officially excused from a duty or rule; used more generally, not only in legal settings.)
Antonyms
liable (Legal term meaning responsible under the law and able to be sued or punished.)
Themes
law
|politics
|society
|business
Definition
Protected by law so you cannot be punished or taken to court for something.
Legally protected from a particular type of punishment, liability, or legal action.
Grammar
Dictionary form
immune
IPA
GB/ɪmjˈun/
US/ɪmjˈun/
Syllables & stress
im - mune (2 syllables)
Stress on 2nd syllable (mune)
Word forms
Adjective
- Base: immune
Word family
Expressions
immune deficiency
1/ɪmjˈun dɪfˈɪʃənsi/
fixed phrase
technical
weak or faulty immune system
A health problem where the immune system is too weak or does not work well.
Examples
- People with immune deficiency are more likely to get serious infections.
- HIV can lead to immune deficiency if it is not treated.
- The child was diagnosed with a rare immune deficiency at an early age.
immune from prosecution
1/ɪmjˈun fɹˈʌm pɹˌɑsəkjˈuʃən/
fixed phrase
formal
legally safe from being tried
Protected by law so that the police and courts cannot officially try to punish you for something.
Examples
- Under the agreement, the witness is immune from prosecution in this case.
- Some officials are immune from prosecution while they hold office.
- The court ruled that the company was not immune from prosecution under the new law.
immune response
1/ɪmjˈun ɹɪspˈɑns/
fixed phrase
technical
immune system's reaction to a threat
The way your immune system reacts when something harmful, like a virus, enters your body.
Examples
- The vaccine triggers an immune response without causing the disease.
- An overactive immune response can lead to allergies.
- Scientists measured the immune response in volunteers after the third dose.
immune system
1/ɪmjˈun sˈɪstəm/
fixed phrase
body's system that fights disease
The parts of your body that work together to fight germs and keep you healthy.
Examples
- Stress can weaken your immune system and make you sick more easily.
- A healthy diet helps support the immune system.
- Certain medicines can damage the immune system if used for a long time.
immune to criticism
1/ɪmjˈun tə kɹˈɪtɪsˌɪzəm/
fixed phrase
not bothered by criticism
Not feeling hurt or changed when people say bad things about you or your work.
Examples
- As a public figure, she has learned to be immune to criticism.
- He acts as if he is immune to criticism and never admits he was wrong.
- You don't need to be completely immune to criticism, but you should not let it control you.