planetary
gb/plˈænətˌɛɹi/ us/plˈænətˌɛɹi/
B2
English
~ 8300
planetáris, bolygókkal kapcsolatos, globális, az egész bolygót érintő, bolygóműves, bolygókerekes, asztrológiai, bolygóállásokkal kapcsolatos
B2
TECHNICAL
1
Usage pattern:
planetary [noun]
NASA announced a new mission for detailed planetary exploration of Jupiter and its moons.
A NASA új, részletes bolygókutató küldetést jelentett be a Jupiter és holdjai vizsgálatára.
The course covers planetary atmospheres and how they differ from Earth’s.
A kurzus a bolygólégkörökkel foglalkozik, és azzal, miben különböznek a Földétől.
Astronomers study planetary systems to understand how planets form around stars.
The spacecraft’s camera sent back high‑resolution images of the planetary surface.
Advances in planetary science have changed our ideas about which worlds might support life.
Learner examples
We learned about planetary orbits in science class.
Természettudomány-órán a bolygók pályáiról tanultunk.
The rover landed on Mars for planetary research.
A marsjáró a Marson szállt le bolygókutatás céljából.
New tools help scientists study planetary surfaces.
The movie shows a spaceship visiting many planetary systems.
She wants to work in planetary science in the future.
Common mistake:
Learners sometimes use *planetary* when they only mean *about space* in general. *Planetary* should be used when something is clearly related to planets themselves, not to stars, galaxies, or space in general. For example, say *planetary orbit*, but usually not *planetary galaxy*.
Meaning
relating to planets in space
Collocations
planetary system
|planetary orbit
|planetary motion
|planetary exploration
|planetary geology
|planetary science
Synonyms
planet-related (Plain descriptive phrase; less common and mostly used to explain the term.)
|
celestial (Broader; refers to anything in the sky or outer space, not just planets.)
Antonyms
terrestrial (Describes things related to Earth as a solid planet surface, not to planets in space in general.)
Themes
science
|astronomy
|space
Definition
About planets in space, or about how they move and what they are like.
Relating to planets in outer space, especially their motion, composition, or systems.
B2
2
Usage pattern:
planetary [noun]
Climate change is creating a planetary crisis that no country can face alone.
Az éghajlatváltozás az egész bolygót érintő válságot idéz elő, amellyel egyetlen ország sem tud egyedül szembenézni.
The report warns that several planetary boundaries may soon be crossed.
A jelentés arra figyelmeztet, hogy hamarosan több planetáris határt is átléphetünk.
Her research focuses on planetary health and the links between ecosystems and human disease.
The company claims its new policy reflects a sense of planetary responsibility.
Digital platforms now operate at planetary scale, reaching billions of users.
Learner examples
Global warming is a planetary problem.
A globális felmelegedés az egész bolygót érintő probléma.
We must think about our planetary future, not only our city.
A bolygónk jövőjére kell gondolnunk, nemcsak a városunkéra.
Some scientists talk about planetary limits for pollution.
The film shows the planetary impact of plastic waste.
These fires are not only a local issue; they have planetary effects.
Common mistake:
Learners often use *global* or *worldwide* for all situations and do not recognize *planetary* as a stronger, more formal word that emphasizes the whole Earth as one system. Also, some learners mistakenly use *planetary* to describe a small personal event, which sounds exaggerated or incorrect.
Meaning
affecting or involving the whole planet
Collocations
planetary crisis
|planetary emergency
|planetary boundaries
|planetary health
|planetary scale
|planetary responsibility
Synonyms
global (Most common everyday word; very close in meaning but less strongly tied to the idea of the planet as a physical system.)
|
worldwide (Focuses on something happening in many countries; slightly less formal than *planetary*.)
Antonyms
local (Describes something limited to a small area, not affecting the whole planet.)
Themes
environment
|politics
|science
|nature
Definition
Affecting or including the whole Earth, not just one place.
Affecting, involving, or on the scale of the entire planet, especially Earth.
C1
TECHNICAL
3
Usage pattern:
planetary [noun]
The electric motor uses a compact planetary gear system to increase torque.
Az elektromos motor egy kompakt bolygóművet használ a nyomaték növelésére.
Engineers chose a planetary gearbox to achieve a high reduction ratio in a small space.
A mérnökök bolygóműves hajtóművet választottak, hogy kis helyen nagy áttételi arányt érjenek el.
A fault in the planetary transmission caused the industrial robot to stop unexpectedly.
This bicycle hub relies on planetary gears hidden inside the rear wheel.
Planetary gearsets are common in automatic car transmissions.
Learner examples
The car has a planetary gearbox.
Az autóban bolygóműves sebességváltó van.
A planetary gear can make a lot of power in a small space.
Egy bolygómű kis helyen is nagy nyomatékot tud biztosítani.
Engineers use planetary gears in many machines.
The robot arm moves with help from a planetary drive.
This motor uses a planetary gearset inside.
Common mistake:
Learners sometimes think *planetary gear* has something to do with space or planets. In engineering, it only describes the shape and movement of the gears around a center, not anything in outer space.
Meaning
relating to a planetary gear system
Collocations
planetary gear
|planetary gearbox
|planetary drive
|planetary transmission
|planetary gearset
Synonyms
epicyclic (Formal technical term used in engineering for the same kind of gear system.)
Antonyms
simple (In this context, refers to basic gear trains without the rotating arrangement around a central gear.)
Themes
engineering
|technology
|mechanics
Definition
About a type of machine part where small gears turn around one big gear in the middle.
Relating to a system of gears in which smaller gears rotate around a central gear, often used in transmissions and drives.
C1
TECHNICAL
4
Usage pattern:
planetary [noun]
The astrologer said that the current planetary alignment was favorable for new relationships.
Az asztrológus azt mondta, hogy a jelenlegi bolygóállás kedvező az új kapcsolatok számára.
She writes a weekly column explaining planetary influences on each zodiac sign.
Heti rovatot ír, amelyben elmagyarázza az egyes csillagjegyekre gyakorolt bolygóhatásokat.
Some people plan major decisions around planetary transits in their birth chart.
The workshop focuses on understanding planetary energies in modern astrology.
Followers believe that planetary cycles can guide personal and collective change.
Learner examples
He believes that planetary positions affect his life.
Hisz abban, hogy a bolygók állása hatással van az életére.
The app shows planetary transits for each day.
Az alkalmazás megmutatja a napi bolygótranzitokat.
She reads about planetary influences in her horoscope.
They talk about planetary energies in the class.
The teacher explains how planetary alignment is important in astrology.
Common mistake:
Learners may confuse scientific uses of *planetary* (in astronomy) with astrological uses. In scientific contexts, *planetary* refers to real physical planets and their properties, not to mystical or spiritual effects on people.
Meaning
relating to astrological planetary influence
Collocations
planetary alignment
|planetary influences
|planetary energies
|planetary transits
Synonyms
astrological (General term for things connected with astrology; not limited to planets.)
Themes
astrology
|beliefs
|religion
Definition
About how planets are believed to affect people and events in astrology.
Relating to the supposed influence or positions of planets as understood in astrology.
Grammar
Dictionary form
planetary
IPA
GB/plˈænətˌɛɹi/
US/plˈænətˌɛɹi/
Syllables & stress
plan - et - ary (3 syllables)
Stress on 1st syllable (plan)
Word forms
Adjective
- Base: planetary
Word family
Core family
planet
noun A2
Related words
planetarium
noun
exoplanet
noun
Advanced or less common
interplanetary
adjective
planetoid
noun
Expressions
planetary boundaries
1/plˈænətˌɛɹi bˈaʊndɚiz/
fixed phrase
formal
limits of safe human impact
Idea of limits to how much people can damage nature before Earth’s systems become unsafe for us.
Examples
- Many experts warn that we are close to crossing several planetary boundaries.
- The report uses the concept of planetary boundaries to measure environmental risk.
planetary crisis
1/plˈænətˌɛɹi kɹˈaɪsəs/
fixed phrase
formal
crisis threatening the whole planet
A very serious problem that puts the whole Earth and life on it in danger.
Examples
- Scientists describe climate change as a planetary crisis requiring urgent action.
- The documentary shows how small choices can add up to a planetary crisis.
planetary gear
1/plˈænətˌɛɹi ɡˈɪɹ/
fixed phrase
technical
gear set around a central gear
A machine part where small gears turn around one big gear in the middle.
Examples
- The drill uses a planetary gear to increase torque.
- Engineers chose a planetary gear to keep the design compact and powerful.
planetary health
1/plˈænətˌɛɹi hˈɛlθ/
fixed phrase
formal
human health linked to Earth’s systems
A way of thinking about human health that also looks at the health of the Earth’s air, water, land, and life.
Examples
- The university launched a new center for planetary health to study climate and disease together.
- Protecting forests is now seen as a key part of planetary health.
planetary nebula
1/plˈænətˌɛɹi nˈɛbjələ/
fixed phrase
technical
round gas shell from dying star
A round cloud of gas in space that comes from a dying star and looks a bit like a planet in a telescope.
Examples
- Through the telescope we observed a colorful planetary nebula in the constellation Lyra.
- The Hubble images of the planetary nebula show complex rings of glowing gas.
planetary scale
1/plˈænətˌɛɹi skˈeɪl/
fixed phrase
formal
at the level of the whole planet
Describes something that is as big as, or affects, the whole planet.
Examples
- Human activity now affects the Earth system on a planetary scale.
- The project models climate processes at planetary scale.
planetary science
1/plˈænətˌɛɹi sˈaɪəns/
fixed phrase
technical
scientific study of planets
The science that studies planets, moons, and how they work.
Examples
- She is doing a PhD in planetary science, focusing on Mars.
- Planetary science combines geology, physics, and chemistry to understand other worlds.
planetary system
1/plˈænətˌɛɹi sˈɪstəm/
fixed phrase
technical
a star and its orbiting planets
A star and all the planets and other small objects that go around it.
Examples
- Astronomers discovered a new planetary system with at least three Earth‑sized worlds.
- Our planetary system, with the Sun at its center, is called the solar system.