Anglais

abstract

gb/ˈæbstɹækt/ us/ˈæbstɹækt/
B1 Anglais
~ 1500
Sens
0 sens
adjective B2 property
1

Existing as an idea only

About something you can think about but cannot touch or see.

Schéma d’usage : [something] is abstract
Erreur fréquente :
Learners sometimes confuse 'abstract' with 'summary', which is another meaning of the word.
Synonymes
theoretical (Stresses being based on theory rather than practical application.) | conceptual (Focuses on being related to mental concepts or ideas.)
Antonymes
concrete (Refers to something real and tangible, the opposite of abstract.)
Collocations
abstract concept |abstract idea |abstract thinking |abstract art
Thèmes
art |philosophy |education |core_vocabulary
Exemples
  • Justice is an abstract concept that can be difficult to define.
  • Her paintings are highly abstract, with no clear subject.
  • Time is an abstract notion, but it affects everything we do.
  • The course covers both abstract theory and practical skills.
Exemples pédagogiques
  • Love is an abstract idea.
  • Numbers are abstract.
  • Happiness is an abstract feeling.
  • The word 'freedom' is abstract.
Nom B2 entity
2

Brief summary of a text

A short piece of writing that says the main ideas of a longer text.

Schéma d’usage : an abstract of [something]
Erreur fréquente :
Some learners think 'abstract' here means 'difficult to understand'; in this context it means a short summary.
Synonymes
summary (A general term for a shortened version of something.) | synopsis (Often used for summaries of literary or dramatic works.)
Antonymes
full text (Refers to the complete document rather than a condensed version.)
Collocations
write an abstract |submit an abstract |conference abstract
Thèmes
academia |writing |research |education |communication
Exemples
  • The researcher submitted an abstract for the conference proceedings.
  • Please include an abstract at the beginning of your paper.
  • The journal requires abstracts to be under 250 words.
Exemples pédagogiques
  • I read the abstract before the full paper.
  • She wrote an abstract for her report.
  • The teacher asked for an abstract of the article.
Verbe C1 action
3

Remove or take away something

To take something away from where it belongs.

Schéma d’usage : to abstract [something] from [somewhere]
Erreur fréquente :
Learners may confuse this with the adjective meaning 'not concrete'. As a verb, it refers to removing or taking out.
Synonymes
extract (More common in everyday contexts; 'abstract' is often more formal.) | remove (General term for taking something away.)
Antonymes
insert (To put something into something else, opposite of removing.)
Collocations
abstract data |abstract information from |abstract resources
Thèmes
science |general |core_vocabulary
Exemples
  • The report abstracts key points from the data.
  • Oil was abstracted from deep underground reservoirs.
  • The program can abstract relevant information from large datasets.
Exemples pédagogiques
  • The machine abstracts water from the air.
  • He abstracted numbers from the table.
  • They abstract gold from the rock.
adjective B1 property
4

Non-representational in art

Describes art made with shapes and colors instead of pictures of real things.

Synonymes
nonrepresentational (Technical art term meaning not depicting recognizable subjects.)
Antonymes
representational (Depicts recognizable subjects or objects.)
Collocations
abstract painting |abstract sculpture |abstract style
Thèmes
art |arts_entertainment
Exemples
  • She specializes in large abstract paintings.
  • The gallery features several abstract sculptures.
  • His work moved from realistic landscapes to abstract forms.
Exemples pédagogiques
  • I like abstract art.
  • This is an abstract painting.
  • He makes abstract pictures.
Grammaire
Forme canonique
abstract
API
GB/ˈæbstɹækt/
US/ˈæbstɹækt/
Syllabes et accentuation
ab - stract (2 syllabes)
Stress on 1st syllable (ab)
Formes du mot
Adjective
  • Base: abstract
Noun
  • Base: abstract
  • Plural: abstracts
Verb
  • Base: abstract
  • 3rd Person Singular: abstracts
  • Present Participle: abstracting
  • Past: abstracted
Famille de mots
Forms
abstracts noun abstracting verb abstracted verb
Core family
abstraction noun C1 abstractly adverb
Negative and opposite forms
concrete adjective A2
Advanced or less common
abstractness noun
Expressions

abstract away

1
/æbstɹˈækt əwˈeɪ/
phrasal verb technical

Hide details to focus on main idea

To remove or ignore details so you can focus on the main idea or structure.

Exemples
  • The software abstracts away the complexity of the hardware.
  • Teachers often abstract away difficult details when first introducing a topic.

in the abstract

1
/ˈɪn ðə ˈæbstɹækt/
fixed phrase formal

Considered generally, not specifically

Thinking about something as a general idea, not in a real situation.

Exemples
  • In the abstract, his plan sounds reasonable, but it may not work in practice.
  • She prefers to discuss problems in the abstract rather than deal with details.

Bon retour parmi nous !

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